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Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok (former county)
Encyclopedia
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok is the name of an administrative county (comitatus
) in the former Kingdom of Hungary
. Its territory, which is presently in central Hungary
, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok
.
, Heves
, Hajdú
, Békés
, and Csongrád
. The rivers Tisza
and Körös flow through the county. Its area was 5251 km² around 1910.
(Jazygia
) and Nagykunság (great Cumania
). After World War II
, the territory of the county was modified: the area on the left bank of the Tisza
around Tiszafüred
was taken from Heves
county, and the area around Dévaványa
went to Békés
county.
The term Jász originates from the Jassic people
(cf. Alans
) who moved to this area of Hungary from the Pontic steppes sometime in the 13th century.
Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)
A county is the name of a type of administrative units in the Kingdom of Hungary and in Hungary from the 10th century until the present day....
) in the former Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. Its territory, which is presently in central Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
, was slightly smaller than that of present Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The capital of the county was Szolnok
Szolnok
Szolnok is the county seat of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary. Its location on the banks of the Tisza river, at the heart of the Great Hungarian Plain, has made it an important cultural and economic crossroads for centuries....
.
Geography
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county shared borders with the Hungarian counties Pest-Pilis-Solt-KiskunPest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun
Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in central Hungary, comprising the territory of the present Hungarian county Pest and the northern part of present Bács-Kiskun county...
, Heves
Heves (former county)
Heves was the name an administrative county in the former Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory, which is presently in northern Hungary, was slightly larger than that of present Heves county. The capital of the county was Eger.-Geography:...
, Hajdú
Hajdú (county)
Hajdú, formerly known as Hajdúság, is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary in present-day eastern Hungary. The capital of the county was Debrecen...
, Békés
Békés (county)
Békés County , is an administrative division in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Hajdú-Bihar. The capital of Békés county is Békéscsaba...
, and Csongrád
Csongrád (county)
This article is about the county. For the town see Csongrád. For the historical comitatus see Csongrád .Csongrád is the name of an administrative county in southern Hungary, on the both sides of the river Tisza, on the border with Serbia and Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties...
. The rivers Tisza
Tisza
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the main rivers of Central Europe. It rises in Ukraine, and is formed near Rakhiv by the junction of headwaters White Tisa, whose source is in the Chornohora mountains and Black Tisa, which springs in the Gorgany range...
and Körös flow through the county. Its area was 5251 km² around 1910.
History
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county was formed in the 19th century from the territories of Szolnok, JászságJászság
Jászság is a historical, ethnographical and geographical region in Hungary. Its 1161-km² territory is situated in the north-western part of the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The main town in the region is Jászberény. Jászság is inhabited by the Jassic people, who are of Ossetian origin...
(Jazygia
Jassic people
The Jassic people or Jász are an ethnic group of Hungarians who mostly live in the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county of the Republic of Hungary. They are of Ossetic origin and originally spoke the Jassic dialect of the Ossetic language...
) and Nagykunság (great Cumania
Cumania
Cumania is a name formerly used to designate several distinct lands in Eastern Europe inhabited by and under the military dominance of the Cumans, a nomadic tribe who, with the Kipchaks, created a confederation. The Cumans were also known as the Polovtsians, or Folban...
). After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the territory of the county was modified: the area on the left bank of the Tisza
Tisza
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the main rivers of Central Europe. It rises in Ukraine, and is formed near Rakhiv by the junction of headwaters White Tisa, whose source is in the Chornohora mountains and Black Tisa, which springs in the Gorgany range...
around Tiszafüred
Tiszafüred
Tiszafüred is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 13,953 people .-External links:*...
was taken from Heves
Heves (county)
Heves county lies in northern Hungary. It lies between the right bank of the river Tisza and the Mátra and Bükk mountains. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Pest, Nógrád, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok...
county, and the area around Dévaványa
Dévaványa
Dévaványa is a town in northern Békés county, in the Southern Great Plain region of south-east Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of 216.73 km² and has a population of 8273 people ....
went to Békés
Békés (county)
Békés County , is an administrative division in south-eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Csongrád, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Hajdú-Bihar. The capital of Békés county is Békéscsaba...
county.
The term Jász originates from the Jassic people
Jassic people
The Jassic people or Jász are an ethnic group of Hungarians who mostly live in the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county of the Republic of Hungary. They are of Ossetic origin and originally spoke the Jassic dialect of the Ossetic language...
(cf. Alans
Alans
The Alans, or the Alani, occasionally termed Alauni or Halani, were a group of Sarmatian tribes, nomadic pastoralists of the 1st millennium AD who spoke an Eastern Iranian language which derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian.-Name:The various forms of Alan —...
) who moved to this area of Hungary from the Pontic steppes sometime in the 13th century.
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county were:| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Jászság alsó | Jászapáti Jászapáti Jászapáti is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 9913 people .... |
| Jászság felső | Jászberény Jászberény Jászberény is a city and market centre in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in Hungary.- Location :Jászberény is located in central Hungary, on the Zagyva River, a tributary of the Tisza River... |
| Tisza alsó | Tiszaföldvár Tiszaföldvár Tiszaföldvár is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 12,027 people .-Twin towns — Sister cities:Tiszaföldvár is twinned with... |
| Tisza felső | Kunhegyes Kunhegyes Kunhegyes is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, Hungary. It is located at around .... |
| Tisza közép | Törökszentmiklós Törökszentmiklós Törökszentmiklós is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary. It is the third largest settlement in the county.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 23,145 people .... |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Jászberény Jászberény Jászberény is a city and market centre in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in Hungary.- Location :Jászberény is located in central Hungary, on the Zagyva River, a tributary of the Tisza River... |
|
| Karcag Karcag Karcag is a large town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.Karcag has its own railway station, but InterCity trains do not stop here... |
|
| Kisújszállás Kisújszállás Kisújszállás is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 12,869 people .-History:History of the city... |
|
| Mezőtúr Mezotúr Mezőtúr is a town of Hungary, in the county of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok, 88 m. southeast of Budapest by rail. It possesses important potteries. Large herds of cattle are reared on the communal lands, which are productive also of wheat, rapeseed and maize... |
|
| Szolnok Szolnok Szolnok is the county seat of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary. Its location on the banks of the Tisza river, at the heart of the Great Hungarian Plain, has made it an important cultural and economic crossroads for centuries.... |
|
| Túrkeve Túrkeve Túrkeve is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 10,181 people .... |
|