Commelin (elm hybrid)
Encyclopedia
Ulmus 'Commelin' is a Dutch hybrid cultivar released for sale in 1960. The tree was raised at Baarn
as clone N274 by the Foundation Willie Commelin Scholten Phytopathological Laboratory http://www.bio.uu.nl/~fytopath/PDF%20files/EJPP-Schippers-1997.pdf in 1940, from a crossing of Ulmus × hollandica 'Vegeta' and a selection of Ulmus minor subsp. minor obtained from the Barbier nursery, Orleans, made in 1929.
, with a short acuminate apex.
The leaves are sparsely arranged and fall significantly later than those of 'Vegeta'.
.
, although it was later used in hybridization experiments in the USA as female parent of several cultivars.
Baarn
Baarn is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht.-The municipality Baarn :The municipality of Baarn consists of the following towns: Baarn, Eembrugge, Lage Vuursche.- The town Baarn :...
as clone N274 by the Foundation Willie Commelin Scholten Phytopathological Laboratory http://www.bio.uu.nl/~fytopath/PDF%20files/EJPP-Schippers-1997.pdf in 1940, from a crossing of Ulmus × hollandica 'Vegeta' and a selection of Ulmus minor subsp. minor obtained from the Barbier nursery, Orleans, made in 1929.
Description
A fast-growing, attractively-shaped tree distinguished by its small pale-green leaves with bright venation. The leaf shape is typically ellipticLeaf shape
In botany, leaf shape is characterised with the following terms :* Acicular : Slender and pointed, needle-like* Acuminate : Tapering to a long point...
, with a short acuminate apex.
The leaves are sparsely arranged and fall significantly later than those of 'Vegeta'.
Pests and diseases
Resistant to wind and a range of elm ailments, 'Commelin' proved very susceptible to the new, aggressive strain of Dutch elm diseaseDutch elm disease
Dutch elm disease is a disease caused by a member of the sac fungi category, affecting elm trees which is spread by the elm bark beetle. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease has been accidentally introduced into America and Europe, where it has devastated native...
.
Cultivation
'Commelin' initially enjoyed considerable commercial success and over 500,000 had been sold by 1974. However, the tree had only been screened for non-aggressive or semi-aggressive isolates of the causal fungus of Dutch elm disease. When its low resistance to the new strain of the disease became apparent, sales plummeted, and only 500 were sold in 1990. Fortunately, neither 'Commelin' nor its equally vulnerable contemporary 'Groeneveld' had sold in great numbers beyond the NetherlandsNetherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, although it was later used in hybridization experiments in the USA as female parent of several cultivars.
Hybrid cultivars
- 'Homestead', 'Regal', 'Stavast'Ulmus 'Stavast'The hybrid elm cultivar Stavast was raised at Wageningen in the Netherlands as clone '622' by hybridizing 'Commelin' with clone '202', a cross between the Exeter Elm U...
, 'Urban'.
North America
- Bartlett Tree Experts. No details available
- Holden ArboretumHolden ArboretumThe Holden Arboretum, in Kirtland, Ohio, USA, is one of the largest arboretums and botanical gardens in the United States, with over 3,500 acres , 600 acres of which are devoted to collections and gardens. Diverse natural areas and ecologically sensitive habitats make up the rest of the holdings...
. No details available - Morton ArboretumMorton ArboretumThe Morton Arboretum, in Lisle, Illinois, covers 1,700 acres and is made up of gardens of various plant types and collections of trees from specific taxonomical and geographical areas. It includes native woodlands and a restored Illinois prairie. The Arboretum has over 4,100 different species of...
. Acc. no. 69-70
Europe
- Brighton & HoveBrighton & HoveBrighton and Hove is a unitary authority area and city on the south coast of England. It is England's most populous seaside resort.In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium...
City Council, UK, NCCPG Elm Collection holders. Very large specimen 22m x 72cm in 2005, possible UK champion. Growing on the campus of Brighton University, Falmer. Other trees of size at Elm Drive, Hove (3 trees); St. Ann's Well Gardens, Hove (2 trees); New Church Road, Hove (5 trees); trees with unusual Ulmus glabra graft stocks in Portslade Cemetery (4 trees); The Highway, Moulsecoomb (1 very large tree); Grove Hill Estate (4 trees); University of Sussex (5 trees). - Grange Farm ArboretumGrange Farm ArboretumThe Grange Farm Arboretum is a small private arboretum comprising 3 hectares accommodating over 800 trees, mostly native and ornamental species or cultivars, notably oaks, ashes, walnuts and elms, growing on a calcareous loam....
http://www.thegardeningwebsite.co.uk/grange-farm-plants-speciality-rare-trees-shrubs-i411.html, Sutton St. James, SpaldingSpalding, LincolnshireSpalding is a market town with a population of 30,000 on the River Welland in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England. Little London is a hamlet directly south of Spalding on the B1172 road....
, Lincs.LincolnshireLincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
, UK. Acc. no. 840.
Europe
- Boomwekerijen 'De Batterijen' http://www.treecommerce.com/batterijen/resultaten_pagina.asp?page=1&taal=&zoekplant=Ulmus, OchtenOchtenOchten is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Neder-Betuwe, and lies about 10 km southwest of Wageningen....
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... - Lorenz von Ehren http://lve.ulmer.de/TUlEPTUwOTY4.html?UID=BEA9FD32B9D84066636F075F113998FB30EF481B64C697, HamburgHamburg-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
, GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... - PlantenTuin Esveld http://www.esveld.nl/catalen/heestersu.htm#ulmus, BoskoopBoskoopBoskoop is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality had a population of 15,217 in 2008, and covers an area of 16.96 km² of which 2.17 km² is water...
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... - Standard Trees http://www.standardtrees.co.uk, Golden CrossGolden Cross, East SussexGolden Cross is a small village and civil parish in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England. Its nearest town is Hailsham, which lies approximately south-east from the village. The village lies on the A22 road and the parish contains the hamlet of Holmes Hill....
, East SussexEast SussexEast Sussex is a county in South East England. It is bordered by the counties of Kent, Surrey and West Sussex, and to the south by the English Channel.-History:...
, UK - Westerveld Boomkwekerij B.V.http://www.westerveldbv.nl/, OpheusdenOpheusdenOpheusden is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is a part of the municipality of Neder-Betuwe, and lies about 5 km south of Wageningen....
, NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
(as U. hollandica 'Commelin')