Combo (computer and video games)
Encyclopedia
In video games, a combo is a term that designates a set of actions performed in sequence, usually with strict timing limitations, that yield a significant benefit or advantage. The 1st combo was done in the Street Fighter II series. The term originates from fighting games where it is based upon the concept of a striking combination
. It has been since applied more generally to everything from puzzle games
and shoot 'em up
s to sports game
s. Combos are either used as an essential gameplay
element (more commonly), or used merely as a high score or attack power modifier, or simply as a way to exhibit a flamboyant playing style, not explicitly necessary for victory or survival.
In fighting games, combo specifically indicates a timed sequence of moves which produce a cohesive series of hits. The combo requires that an initial hit connects. This hit is then followed by an often predetermined sequence of other hits, each of which leaves the opponent unable or almost unable to block
or otherwise avoid the following hit(s) in the sequence. Technically, it is described as the recovery animation for an attack being shorter than the hitstun. Depending on the game design
, a combo can have a final, sometimes special, hit or be infinite
, limited only by the player's skill, patience or finger dexterity. In some cases, each additional hit has an increasing negative modifier, in order to balance gameplay, for example SNK
's The Last Blade
, Capcom
's Street Fighter IV
or Arc System Works' BlazBlue series.
arcade game
s, Renegade
in 1986 and Double Dragon
in 1987. In contast to earlier games that let players knock out enemies with a single blow, the opponents in Renegade and Double Dragon could take much more punishment, requiring a succession of punches, with the first hit temporarily immobilizing the enemy, making him unable to defend himself against successive punches. Combo attacks would later become more dynamic in Capcom
's Final Fight
, released in 1989.
The combo notion was introduced to competitive fighting game
s with Street Fighter II
by Capcom, when skilled players learned that they could combine several attacks that left no time for the computer player to recover if they timed them correctly. Combos were a design accident; lead producer Noritaka Funamizu
noticed that extra strikes were possible during a bug check
on the car-smashing bonus stage. He thought that the timing required was too difficult to make it a useful game feature, but left it in as a hidden one. Combos have since become a design priority in almost all fighting games, and range from the simplistic to the highly intricate. The first game to count the hits of each combo, and reward the player for performing them, was Super Street Fighter II
.
's Yaotome. Such autocombos are sometimes referred to as "ranbus", the name originating from the Japanese words often used in the names of the super moves that are autocombos and translating roughly to "violent/boisterous dance".
and Guilty Gear being prime examples), chain combos are an integral part of the game play, and are considered special moves.
Although 3D
games have "chain combos" by this definition of the word, most players never refer to them as such, instead preferring to focus on strings which may have some sub-elements of chain combos within them but may have some non-comboing elements.
Sometimes fighting game fans only refer to a combo as a "chain combo" if it is within a game which has long and widespread examples of chain combos. For example, most Street Fighter fans described the chain combo system of Street Fighter Alpha as being discontinued in Street Fighter Alpha 2, even though Street Fighter Alpha 2 and other Street Fighter games still contain some combos which are only performed via normal attacks.
Alternative names for chain combos are: target combos, precanned strings, and canned strings. The latter two are generally misused (strings, by definition, are different from combos).
games (particularly in the Street Fighter II and Street Fighter Alpha series).
Super combos can either be auto combos, or chain combos. In the latter case, activating the super combo will usually make the character faster, enabling the chaining of moves that are usually too slow to be chained together. Some combos automatically go into a combo upon activation, such as a super projectile or a flurry of kicks, whilst some require the initial attack to come into contact with the opponent, such as grapple moves. There are also combos that enhance player strength, restore health and activate when attacked.
Other names for super combos include Hyper Combo in the Marvel vs. Capcom series, Overdrives in the Guilty Gear series and Desperation Moves in SNK
games.
The super combo gauge shows stored power that can be used for executing super combos. It is also known as a super gauge or super meter (SNK games). The gauge charges up in different ways, most commonly by landing hits on the opponent.
There are many types of super combo gauges, including:
Similar moves are also known as desperation moves
, limit
breaks
, overdrives
, and so on in the Final Fantasy
series of RPG games.
In most games "juggle combos" are only considered valid combos if the victim remains stunned for the full duration of their time midair. Lighter characters are generally more susceptible to juggle combos, as less force is needed to keep them in the air. In the recent King of Fighters games, juggling is supported by another feature called "wire", in which a character is bounced off a wall and sent back, ready for follow-up attacks.
from the Street Fighter
series or Spiral
from X-Men: Children of the Atom
) are often able to sustain longer air combos.
, sometimes simply being announced in itself with the exclamation "C-C-C-COMBO BREAKER!", which comes from where the term was first mentioned, the first Killer Instinct
game.
series and the Crazy Taxi
games. Combos are a main feature in many puzzle games, such as Columns
, Snood
and Magical Drop
. Primarily they are used as a scoring device, but in the modes of play that are level-based, are used to more quickly gain levels. Shoot 'em up
s have increasingly incorporated combo systems, such as in Ikaruga
, as have Hack and Slash
games, such as Dynasty Warriors.
First-person shooter
games can also have combo-like features (usually in deathmatch
situations) such as the Unreal Tournament
series in which a rapid series of kills is dubbed a "Double Kill" or "Multi Kill".
In some games, such as the Tales series of Namco fame, where extended combos are explicitly encouraged (via movement-facilitating mechanics and overlapping hitstun from multiple player characters, for example), it is possible to pull off almost unfeasibly long sequences of attacks. Combos may take a considerable amount of time to execute and include many thousands of hits. A subset of gamers aim to maximize the number of attacks in one combo. Such games are (ideally) designed so that excessive combos yield monumental benefits to the player, and are rarely played in a competitive context.
Some critics contend that the tendency to create longer and more devastating combos has damaged the competitive gameplay in fighting games, as advanced players abuse programming flaws, such as the relaunches in games like Marvel Vs Capcom 2 continuously to juggle their opponent helplessly. Other critics argue that, while simple combos give a game an offense-centric flavor, long combos equate to periods of greatly limited player interaction. The increasing complexity of combo systems, and the rules of fighting games in general, has been blamed by some for the decreasing popularity of arcade fighters since the early '90s.
Striking combination
A striking combination is a combination of strikes performed in rapid succession, usually from a stand-up position. If the combination includes only punches, it is called a punching combination, and if it includes only kicks, it is called a kicking combination....
. It has been since applied more generally to everything from puzzle games
Computer puzzle game
Puzzle video games are a genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles to be solved can test many problem solving skills including logic, strategy, pattern recognition, sequence solving, and word completion....
and shoot 'em up
Shoot 'em up
Shoot 'em up is a subgenre of shooter video games. In a shoot 'em up, the player controls a lone character, often in a spacecraft or aircraft, shooting large numbers of enemies while dodging their attacks. The genre in turn encompasses various types or subgenres and critics differ on exactly what...
s to sports game
Sports game
A sports game is a computer or video game that simulates the practice of traditional sports. Most sports have been recreated with a game, including team sports, athletics and extreme sports. Some games emphasize actually playing the sport , whilst others emphasize strategy and organization...
s. Combos are either used as an essential gameplay
Gameplay
Gameplay is the specific way in which players interact with a game, and in particular with video games. Gameplay is the pattern defined through the game rules, connection between player and the game, challenges and overcoming them, plot and player's connection with it...
element (more commonly), or used merely as a high score or attack power modifier, or simply as a way to exhibit a flamboyant playing style, not explicitly necessary for victory or survival.
In fighting games, combo specifically indicates a timed sequence of moves which produce a cohesive series of hits. The combo requires that an initial hit connects. This hit is then followed by an often predetermined sequence of other hits, each of which leaves the opponent unable or almost unable to block
Blocking techniques
In martial arts, blocking is the act of stopping or deflecting an opponent's attack for the purpose of preventing injurious contact with the body. A block usually consists of placing a limb across the line of the attack.- Examples in specific arts :...
or otherwise avoid the following hit(s) in the sequence. Technically, it is described as the recovery animation for an attack being shorter than the hitstun. Depending on the game design
Game design
Game design, a subset of game development, is the process of designing the content and rules of a game in the pre-production stage and design of gameplay, environment, storyline, and characters during production stage. The term is also used to describe both the game design embodied in a game as...
, a combo can have a final, sometimes special, hit or be infinite
Infinity
Infinity is a concept in many fields, most predominantly mathematics and physics, that refers to a quantity without bound or end. People have developed various ideas throughout history about the nature of infinity...
, limited only by the player's skill, patience or finger dexterity. In some cases, each additional hit has an increasing negative modifier, in order to balance gameplay, for example SNK
SNK Playmore
SNK Playmore Corporation is a Japanese video game hardware and software company. SNK is an acronym of , which was SNK's original name. The company's legal and trading name became SNK in 1986....
's The Last Blade
The Last Blade
, is a fighting game series created by SNK for the Neo Geo system. The Korean version of the game is known as "The Last Soldier". The Last Blade and its sequel are widely considered to be two of the most accomplished games available for the Neo Geo system, with fan opinion divided as to which is...
, Capcom
Capcom
is a Japanese developer and publisher of video games, known for creating multi-million-selling franchises such as Devil May Cry, Chaos Legion, Street Fighter, Mega Man and Resident Evil. Capcom developed and published Bionic Commando, Lost Planet and Dark Void too, but they are less known. Its...
's Street Fighter IV
Street Fighter IV
is a fighting game produced by Capcom. It is the first numbered Street Fighter game released by Capcom since . The coin-operated arcade game was released in Japan on July 18, 2008, with North American arcades importing the machines by August...
or Arc System Works' BlazBlue series.
History
The use of combo attacks originated from Technōs Japan's beat 'em upBeat 'em up
Beat 'em up is a video game genre featuring melee combat between the protagonist and a large number of underpowered antagonists. These games typically take place in urban settings and feature crime-fighting and revenge-based plots, though some games may employ historical or fantasy themes...
arcade game
Arcade game
An arcade game is a coin-operated entertainment machine, usually installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars, and amusement arcades. Most arcade games are video games, pinball machines, electro-mechanical games, redemption games, and merchandisers...
s, Renegade
Renegade (video game)
Renegade is a video game released in American and European arcades in 1986 by Taito. It is a westernized conversion of the Japanese arcade game , released earlier the same year by Technos...
in 1986 and Double Dragon
Double Dragon
is a classic beat 'em up video game series initially developed by Technos Japan Corporation, who also developed the Kunio-kun series ....
in 1987. In contast to earlier games that let players knock out enemies with a single blow, the opponents in Renegade and Double Dragon could take much more punishment, requiring a succession of punches, with the first hit temporarily immobilizing the enemy, making him unable to defend himself against successive punches. Combo attacks would later become more dynamic in Capcom
Capcom
is a Japanese developer and publisher of video games, known for creating multi-million-selling franchises such as Devil May Cry, Chaos Legion, Street Fighter, Mega Man and Resident Evil. Capcom developed and published Bionic Commando, Lost Planet and Dark Void too, but they are less known. Its...
's Final Fight
Final Fight
is a side-scrolling beat-'em-up game originally released by Capcom as a coin-operated video game in . It was the seventh game released by Capcom for their CP System arcade game hardware...
, released in 1989.
The combo notion was introduced to competitive fighting game
Fighting game
Fighting game is a video game genre where the player controls an on-screen character and engages in close combat with an opponent. These characters tend to be of equal power and fight matches consisting of several rounds, which take place in an arena. Players must master techniques such as...
s with Street Fighter II
Street Fighter II
is a competitive fighting game originally released for the arcades in . It is the arcade sequel to the original Street Fighter released in and was Capcom's fourteenth title that ran on the CP System arcade hardware...
by Capcom, when skilled players learned that they could combine several attacks that left no time for the computer player to recover if they timed them correctly. Combos were a design accident; lead producer Noritaka Funamizu
Noritaka Funamizu
, sometimes credited as Poo, is a Japanese video game designer formerly employed by Capcom, best known for his involvement in the development of several Capcom fighting games...
noticed that extra strikes were possible during a bug check
Software bug
A software bug is the common term used to describe an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program or system that produces an incorrect or unexpected result, or causes it to behave in unintended ways. Most bugs arise from mistakes and errors made by people in either a program's...
on the car-smashing bonus stage. He thought that the timing required was too difficult to make it a useful game feature, but left it in as a hidden one. Combos have since become a design priority in almost all fighting games, and range from the simplistic to the highly intricate. The first game to count the hits of each combo, and reward the player for performing them, was Super Street Fighter II
Super Street Fighter II
is a head-to-head fighting game produced by Capcom originally released as a coin-operated arcade game in 1993. It is the fourth game in the Street Fighter II sub-series of Street Fighter games, following Street Fighter II: Hyper Fighting...
.
Simple combo
The most basic type of combo is simply one normal move which hits two or more times, for example Ryu's standing close roundhouse kick. Another type of simple combo is the jump-in combo, in which a jumping attack is immediately followed by one or more ground-based attacks (for example, a flying kick followed by a punch in Streets of Rage).2-1 combo
A 2-1 combo (an abbreviation for two-in-one combo, also known as an interrupt combo or special cancel) is a combo which takes advantage of the fact that after executing a normal attack in certain games, the player is able to immediately interrupt the animation of the normal to execute a special attack without having to wait for the former to finish.Auto combo
The auto combo contrasts the Deadly Rave technique, in that unlike Deadly Rave which requires the player to constantly input correct button sequence for a complete move, Auto Combo move will complete itself provided that the initial hit from the move connects (so if the initial strike misses or is blocked, the move will only do partial damage or fail completely). Another defining feature of an auto combo is that during its execution, the multiple hit count comes from the fact that multiple moves are used, or in other words, an auto combo consists of normal and/or special attacks packed into one. An auto combo is usually a super/desperation move, an example being Iori YagamiIori Yagami
is a character from the SNK Playmore's The King of Fighters video game series that first appeared in The King of Fighters '95 as the leader of the Rivals Team. He is an iconic character of the series, and regularly appears on publicity material and merchandise. Iori is a central character to the...
's Yaotome. Such autocombos are sometimes referred to as "ranbus", the name originating from the Japanese words often used in the names of the super moves that are autocombos and translating roughly to "violent/boisterous dance".
Chain combo
A chain combo, first seen in Vampire/Darkstalkers, is a combo or a part of a combo that only uses normal moves or command moves. Although chain combos allow for a reasonable degree of flexibility, some characters (generally large ones) are unable to use chain combos. A typical mechanism for this is that predetermined pairs of moves can link into each other. In some fighting games (Mortal KombatMortal Kombat (series)
Mortal Kombat, commonly abbreviated MK, is a science fantasy series of fighting games created by Ed Boon and John Tobias. The first four renditions and their updates were developed by Midway Games and initially released on arcade machines. The arcade titles were later picked up by Acclaim...
and Guilty Gear being prime examples), chain combos are an integral part of the game play, and are considered special moves.
Although 3D
3D computer graphics
3D computer graphics are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering 2D images...
games have "chain combos" by this definition of the word, most players never refer to them as such, instead preferring to focus on strings which may have some sub-elements of chain combos within them but may have some non-comboing elements.
Sometimes fighting game fans only refer to a combo as a "chain combo" if it is within a game which has long and widespread examples of chain combos. For example, most Street Fighter fans described the chain combo system of Street Fighter Alpha as being discontinued in Street Fighter Alpha 2, even though Street Fighter Alpha 2 and other Street Fighter games still contain some combos which are only performed via normal attacks.
Alternative names for chain combos are: target combos, precanned strings, and canned strings. The latter two are generally misused (strings, by definition, are different from combos).
Super combo
Super combos, sometimes simply referred to as Super Moves, are a more powerful and/or damaging type of special move, which usually (but not always) requires a full super combo gauge or available super stock. This term is usually only applied to CapcomCapcom
is a Japanese developer and publisher of video games, known for creating multi-million-selling franchises such as Devil May Cry, Chaos Legion, Street Fighter, Mega Man and Resident Evil. Capcom developed and published Bionic Commando, Lost Planet and Dark Void too, but they are less known. Its...
games (particularly in the Street Fighter II and Street Fighter Alpha series).
Super combos can either be auto combos, or chain combos. In the latter case, activating the super combo will usually make the character faster, enabling the chaining of moves that are usually too slow to be chained together. Some combos automatically go into a combo upon activation, such as a super projectile or a flurry of kicks, whilst some require the initial attack to come into contact with the opponent, such as grapple moves. There are also combos that enhance player strength, restore health and activate when attacked.
Other names for super combos include Hyper Combo in the Marvel vs. Capcom series, Overdrives in the Guilty Gear series and Desperation Moves in SNK
SNK
SNK is a former name of SNK Playmore, a Japanese video game company . This may also refer to:* SNK European Democrats* SNK Union of Independents* Southeast Airlines ICAO code...
games.
The super combo gauge shows stored power that can be used for executing super combos. It is also known as a super gauge or super meter (SNK games). The gauge charges up in different ways, most commonly by landing hits on the opponent.
There are many types of super combo gauges, including:
- offensive gauge, where the gauge fills with execution of special moves (and fills faster if the move connects)
- defensive gauge, where the gauge fills by defending attacks (and fills faster with protected blocks)
- manual gauge, where the only way to fill the gauge is by performing a move (usually holding down a button) that leaves a player open to an attack
Similar moves are also known as desperation moves
Final Fantasy VI
is a role-playing video game developed and published by Square , released in 1994 for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System as a part of the Final Fantasy series. Set in a fantasy world with a technology level equivalent to that of the Second Industrial Revolution, the game's story focuses on a...
, limit
Final Fantasy VII
is a role-playing video game developed by Square and published by Sony Computer Entertainment as the seventh installment in the Final Fantasy series. It was originally released in 1997 for the Sony PlayStation and was re-released in 1998 for Microsoft Windows-based personal computers and in 2009...
breaks
Final Fantasy VIII
is a role-playing video game released for the PlayStation in 1999 and for Windows-based personal computers in 2000. It was developed and published by Square as the Final Fantasy series' eighth title, removing magic point-based spell-casting and the first title to consistently use realistically...
, overdrives
Final Fantasy X
is a role-playing video game developed and published by Square as the tenth title in the Final Fantasy series. It was released in 2001 for Sony's PlayStation 2, and will be re-released for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita in 2012...
, and so on in the Final Fantasy
Final Fantasy
is a media franchise created by Hironobu Sakaguchi, and is developed and owned by Square Enix . The franchise centers on a series of fantasy and science-fantasy role-playing video games , but includes motion pictures, anime, printed media, and other merchandise...
series of RPG games.
Custom combo
A custom combo (also known as original combo, variable combo or excel) is a state, lasting for a limited time, during which any move or attack can be cancelled into and out of (typically including special moves). This can usually only be activated through using one level of a gauge.Juggle combo
A combo in which the victim is hit multiple times in midair. The move used to start the juggle is called a "launcher" or "floater." This was a type of combo which first appeared in Mortal Kombat and is frequently seen in games such as the Tekken series.In most games "juggle combos" are only considered valid combos if the victim remains stunned for the full duration of their time midair. Lighter characters are generally more susceptible to juggle combos, as less force is needed to keep them in the air. In the recent King of Fighters games, juggling is supported by another feature called "wire", in which a character is bounced off a wall and sent back, ready for follow-up attacks.
Air combo
Similar to the juggle combo where the opponent is held up in the air by successive hits, the Air Combo differs because the character performing the combo does not remain standing on the ground, but rather uses the first hit of the combo (usually called the "launcher") to propel his opponent into the air and jumps in pursuit to continue hitting in close proximity throughout the duration of the jump. Those following hits will often give the opponent additional air momentum to keep being juggled longer, and lighter character who are less affected by gravity (such as DhalsimDhalsim
, is a video game character from the Street Fighter series of fighting games.Dhalsim made his debut in the original Street Fighter II as one of the games original eight main characters. In his backstory, Dhalsim is characterized as a pacifist who goes against his beliefs by entering the World...
from the Street Fighter
Street Fighter
, commonly abbreviated as SF, is a series of Fighting Games developed in Japan in which the players pit the video games' competitive fighters from around the world, each with his or her own unique fighting style, against one another...
series or Spiral
Spiral
In mathematics, a spiral is a curve which emanates from a central point, getting progressively farther away as it revolves around the point.-Spiral or helix:...
from X-Men: Children of the Atom
X-Men: Children of the Atom (arcade game)
is an arcade game that was produced by Capcom and released on the CPS-2 arcade system in 1994. It is the first fighting game produced by Capcom using characters under license from Marvel Comics, widely praised for its faithfulness in capturing the spirit of its namesake comics, by using colorful...
) are often able to sustain longer air combos.
Combo breaker
Not a combo in itself, a combo breaker is any move which prevents the successful execution of a full combination. In most games, any move which successfully strikes the opponent will become a combo breaker, however, in some games a combo breaker is a specific move which prevents a combo, often doing additional damage for breaking the combo. In popular culture, the term "combo breaker" is used to refer to anything that disrupts the repetition of a theme or, in the case of imageboards, memeMeme
A meme is "an idea, behaviour or style that spreads from person to person within a culture."A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural ideas, symbols or practices, which can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals or other imitable phenomena...
, sometimes simply being announced in itself with the exclamation "C-C-C-COMBO BREAKER!", which comes from where the term was first mentioned, the first Killer Instinct
Killer Instinct
Killer Instinct is a fighting game developed by Rare and published by Midway and Nintendo. Initially released in arcades in 1994, and rumored to use an "Ultra 64" hardware engine, in reality the proprietary arcade hardware was co-developed by Rare and Midway. The game received a high profile launch...
game.
Other uses
Many other types of video games include a combo system involving chains of tricks or other maneuvers, usually in order to build up bonus points to obtain a high score. Examples include the Tony Hawk's Pro SkaterTony Hawk's Pro Skater
-Reception:The game was very well-received by most critics, scoring an outstanding 92 on Metacritic based on 18 reviews for the PS1 version. IGN gave the N64 version of the game a 9.1 out of 10 praising the gameplay for "genius control, combo system and design" despite little criticism with sound...
series and the Crazy Taxi
Crazy Taxi
Crazy Taxi is a sandbox racing video game developed by Hitmaker and published by Sega. It is the first game in the Crazy Taxi series. The game was first released in arcades in 1999 and was ported to the Dreamcast in 2000. Subsequently, it was ported to the PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube by...
games. Combos are a main feature in many puzzle games, such as Columns
Columns (video game)
is a puzzle video game, first created in 1989 by Jay Geertsen. Early versions of the game were made and ported among early computer platforms, and then the Atari ST, until 1990, when Jay Geertsen sold the rights to Sega, where it was ported to several Sega consoles.-Description:The game takes...
, Snood
Snood (video game)
Snood is a puzzle video game created in 1996 by David M. Dobson. Today, versions exist for a variety of platforms, including Windows, Mac OS, Palm OS, and other systems, including unofficially on the TI-83 and TI-84 calculators....
and Magical Drop
Magical Drop
, sometimes referred to by native Japanese users as , is a series of puzzle games originally released in the arcade, and later primarily released for several platforms such as the Neo Geo, Super Famicom, Sega Saturn and Neo Geo Pocket Color developed by Data East...
. Primarily they are used as a scoring device, but in the modes of play that are level-based, are used to more quickly gain levels. Shoot 'em up
Shoot 'em up
Shoot 'em up is a subgenre of shooter video games. In a shoot 'em up, the player controls a lone character, often in a spacecraft or aircraft, shooting large numbers of enemies while dodging their attacks. The genre in turn encompasses various types or subgenres and critics differ on exactly what...
s have increasingly incorporated combo systems, such as in Ikaruga
Ikaruga
is a shoot 'em up video game developed by Treasure. It was released in the arcades in 2001 on the Sega NAOMI, subsequently released on Dreamcast in Japan and then worldwide on the Nintendo GameCube, and was released on Xbox Live Arcade on April 9, 2008...
, as have Hack and Slash
Hack and slash
Hack and slash or hack and slay, abbreviated H&S or HnS, refers to a type of gameplay that emphasizes combat. "Hack and slash" was originally used to describe an aspect of pen-and-paper role-playing games , carrying over from there to MUDs, MMORPGs, and video games in general...
games, such as Dynasty Warriors.
First-person shooter
First-person shooter
First-person shooter is a video game genre that centers the gameplay on gun and projectile weapon-based combat through first-person perspective; i.e., the player experiences the action through the eyes of a protagonist. Generally speaking, the first-person shooter shares common traits with other...
games can also have combo-like features (usually in deathmatch
Deathmatch (gaming)
Deathmatch or Player vs All is a widely-used gameplay mode integrated into many shooter and real-time strategy computer games...
situations) such as the Unreal Tournament
Unreal Tournament
Unreal Tournament is a futuristic first-person shooter video game co-developed by Epic Games and Digital Extremes. It was published in 1999 by GT Interactive. Retrospectively, the game has also been referred to as UT99 or UT Classic to differentiate it from its numbered sequels...
series in which a rapid series of kills is dubbed a "Double Kill" or "Multi Kill".
Combos in video game culture
Since combos have become an essential gameplay element, many players practice to create combos that are as long as possible. The average length of fighting combos has generally increased over time—whereas the average Street Fighter II combo was likely to be well under 10 hits, the average Marvel vs. Capcom 2 combo might contain 30 hits or more.In some games, such as the Tales series of Namco fame, where extended combos are explicitly encouraged (via movement-facilitating mechanics and overlapping hitstun from multiple player characters, for example), it is possible to pull off almost unfeasibly long sequences of attacks. Combos may take a considerable amount of time to execute and include many thousands of hits. A subset of gamers aim to maximize the number of attacks in one combo. Such games are (ideally) designed so that excessive combos yield monumental benefits to the player, and are rarely played in a competitive context.
Some critics contend that the tendency to create longer and more devastating combos has damaged the competitive gameplay in fighting games, as advanced players abuse programming flaws, such as the relaunches in games like Marvel Vs Capcom 2 continuously to juggle their opponent helplessly. Other critics argue that, while simple combos give a game an offense-centric flavor, long combos equate to periods of greatly limited player interaction. The increasing complexity of combo systems, and the rules of fighting games in general, has been blamed by some for the decreasing popularity of arcade fighters since the early '90s.
Games with infinite combo possibilities
- Capcom vs. SNK 2Capcom vs. SNK 2Capcom vs. SNK 2: Mark of the Millennium 2001, known as Millionaire Fighting 2001 in Japan, is a sequel to the fighting game Capcom vs. SNK. This game was released on NAOMI hardware in the arcade...
- Dynasty Warriors 2Dynasty Warriors 2is a crowd-combat fighting sequel to the fighting game Dynasty Warriors. It is the second game in the Dynasty Warriors series, but the first in the Shin Sangokumusō series. The game was released in other countries as Dynasty Warriors 2, leading to the discrepancy in title numbers...
- Dragonball Z Budokai Tenkaichi 3
- Final FightFinal Fightis a side-scrolling beat-'em-up game originally released by Capcom as a coin-operated video game in . It was the seventh game released by Capcom for their CP System arcade game hardware...
- FX FighterFX FighterFX Fighter is a video game developed by Argonaut Games and released by GTE Entertainment in 1995. It was an early realtime 3D fighting game to be developed for the PC...
- King of FightersKing of Fighters, officially abbreviated KOF, is a series of fighting games by SNK Playmore . The series was originally developed for SNK's Neo Geo MVS arcade hardware, which served as the main platform for the series until 2004, when SNK retired the MVS in favor of the Atomiswave arcade board...
(most notably '97 and 2003) - Mace: The Dark AgeMace: The Dark AgeMace: The Dark Age is a fighting video game released by Atari for arcade machines in 1996 and later ported by Midway to the Nintendo 64 in 1997. A PlayStation version of the game was planned but never released.-Story:...
- Marvel Super HeroesMarvel Super Heroes (arcade game)is a fighting game developed by Capcom. Originally released in the arcade in 1995 on the CPS-2 arcade system, it was later ported to the Sega Saturn and PlayStation in late 1997...
- Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street FighterMarvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighteris the fourth Marvel Comics-licensed fighting game produced by Capcom . It is a sequel to X-Men vs. Street Fighter which replaces most of the X-Men characters with characters from Marvel Super Heroes. In an attempt to balance the previous games' problems, the game engine was altered, although it...
- Marvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super HeroesMarvel vs. Capcom: Clash of Super Heroesis the fifth Marvel Comics-licensed fighting game by Capcom and the third game in the Marvel vs. Capcom series. In contrast to X-Men vs. Street Fighter and Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter, the game features characters from numerous Capcom franchises such as Mega Man and Strider, rather than...
- Marvel vs. Capcom 2
- Tekken 2Tekken 2Tekken 2 is the second installment in the popular Tekken fighting game series. It was first released in arcades in 1995, and later released for the PlayStation in 1996...
with Yoshimitsu & Kunimitsu - Tekken 5Tekken 5is the sixth installment in the popular Tekken series. It also marks the tenth anniversary of the series. It was updated for the PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 3 as Tekken 5: Dark Resurrection and succeeded by Tekken 6.- Story :...
with Steve Fox - Tony Hawk's Pro SkaterTony Hawk's Pro Skater-Reception:The game was very well-received by most critics, scoring an outstanding 92 on Metacritic based on 18 reviews for the PS1 version. IGN gave the N64 version of the game a 9.1 out of 10 praising the gameplay for "genius control, combo system and design" despite little criticism with sound...
series - Melty BloodMelty Blood, is a visual novel and fighting game, co-developed by dōjin circles Type-Moon and French-Bread, originally released at Comiket on December 2002...
series - Mortal Kombat TrilogyMortal Kombat TrilogyMortal Kombat Trilogy is a fighting game developed and published by Midway in 1996. It is a compilation of content from the previous Mortal Kombat titles, based primarily upon the gameplay mechanics of Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3...
- Mortal Kombat vs. DC UniverseMortal Kombat vs. DC UniverseMortal Kombat vs. DC Universe is a crossover fighting game from Midway Games and Warner Bros. Games. The eighth game in the Mortal Kombat series, MK vs. DC was released on November 16, . MK vs. DC contains characters from both the Mortal Kombat franchise and the DC Universe...
- Power Rangers: Super LegendsPower Rangers: Super LegendsPower Rangers: Super Legends is an action-adventure video game based on the television franchise Power Rangers. It was released on October 23, 2007 for the Nintendo DS and on November 6, 2007 for the PlayStation 2 and for Microsoft Windows...
- Samurai Shodown IISamurai Shodown II, is the second game in SNK's popular Samurai Shodown series of versus fighting games. This game has been released on the Wii's Virtual Console in Europe on August 8, 2008 and in North America on August 25, 2008 at a cost of 900 Wii Points...
- SVC Chaos: SNK vs. CapcomSVC Chaos: SNK vs. Capcomis a competitive fighting game produced by Playmore for the Neo Geo arcade and home platform. The game is a crossover featuring characters from SNKs and Capcoms respective fighting game properties such as The King of Fighters, Samurai Shodown, Street Fighter, and Darkstalkers...
- Soul Calibur IIISoul Calibur IIIis a fighting game produced by Namco and is the sequel to Soulcalibur II and is the fourth overall installment in the Soul series of fighting games...
– Only possible with TiraTira (Soul Calibur)is a fictional character in the Soul series of video games. Created by Namco's Project Soul division, she was a character in Soulcalibur III and its subsequent sequel. In addition, Tira's likeness has been used on various merchandise related to the series... - Street Fighter Alpha 3Street Fighter Alpha 3Street Fighter Alpha 3, known as in Japan and Asia, is a fighting game by Capcom originally released for the CPS II arcade hardware. It is the third game in the Street Fighter Alpha series, following Street Fighter Alpha: Warriors' Dreams and Street Fighter Alpha 2...
- Street Fighter IIIStreet Fighter IIIis a fighting game in Capcom's Street Fighter series, originally released as coin-operated arcade game in . Street Fighter III was produced for the CD-ROM-based CP System III hardware, which allowed for more elaborate 2D graphics than the CPS II-based Street Fighter Alpha games , while revamping...
- Super Smash Bros.Super Smash Bros.Super Smash Bros., known in Japan as , is a fighting game developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. It was released in Japan on January 21, 1999, in North America on April 26, 1999, and in Europe on November 19, 1999. Super Smash Bros. is the first game in the Super...
- Super Smash Bros. MeleeSuper Smash Bros. MeleeSuper Smash Bros. Melee, known in Japan as , often abbreviated as SSBM or simply as Melee, is a crossover fighting game released for the Nintendo GameCube shortly after its launch in . It is the successor to the Nintendo 64 game Super Smash Bros., and the predecessor to the Wii game Super Smash...
- Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3 is a fighting game in the Mortal Kombat series, released in arcades in 1995. It is an update of Mortal Kombat 3 and was later updated again into Mortal Kombat Trilogy...
- X-Men: Children of the AtomX-Men: Children of the Atom (arcade game)is an arcade game that was produced by Capcom and released on the CPS-2 arcade system in 1994. It is the first fighting game produced by Capcom using characters under license from Marvel Comics, widely praised for its faithfulness in capturing the spirit of its namesake comics, by using colorful...
- X-Men vs. Street FighterX-Men vs. Street FighterX-Men vs. Street Fighter is a fighting game originally released as a coin-operated arcade game in . It is Capcom's third fighting game to feature Marvel Comics characters and the first game to match them against their own, with characters from Marvel's X-Men franchise being matched against the cast...
(famous because every character has at least one infinite)
See also
- Fighting game terms at WiktionaryWiktionaryWiktionary is a multilingual, web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in 158 languages...
- Superpower (ability)Superpower (ability)Superpower is a popular culture term for a fictional superhuman ability. When a character possesses multiple such abilities, the terms super powers or simply powers are used...