Collateral ganglia
Encyclopedia
Prevertebral ganglia are sympathetic ganglia
which lie between the sympathetic chain and the organ of supply.
principal neurons that supply abdominal and pelvic viscera. Unlike paravertebral ganglia
that are composed of almost exclusively relay neurons receiving nervous information arising only from preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord
, prevertebral ganglia contain a majority of integrating neurons that receive nervous information arising from preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord
and intestinofugal neurons of the myenteric plexus in the gastrointestinal tract
. The targets of these integrating neurons are mainly neurons of the enteric nervous system
.
1. the celiac ganglia
(which can include the aorticorenal ganglion
),
2. superior mesenteric ganglia, and
3. inferior mesenteric ganglia.
Sympathetic ganglia
Sympathetic ganglia are the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They deliver information to the body about stress and impending danger, and are responsible for the familiar fight-or-flight response. They contain approximately 20000–30000 nerve cell bodies and are located close to and...
which lie between the sympathetic chain and the organ of supply.
Function
They are composed of postganglionic sympatheticSympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system is one of the three parts of the autonomic nervous system, along with the enteric and parasympathetic systems. Its general action is to mobilize the body's nervous system fight-or-flight response...
principal neurons that supply abdominal and pelvic viscera. Unlike paravertebral ganglia
Paravertebral ganglia
Along the length of the sympathetic trunk are ganglia known as ganglia of sympathetic trunk or paravertebral ganglia. The ganglia are distinguished as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral and, except in the neck, they closely correspond in number to the vertebrae.-Arrangement:Only the cervical...
that are composed of almost exclusively relay neurons receiving nervous information arising only from preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the brain . The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system...
, prevertebral ganglia contain a majority of integrating neurons that receive nervous information arising from preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the brain . The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system...
and intestinofugal neurons of the myenteric plexus in the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal tract
The human gastrointestinal tract refers to the stomach and intestine, and sometimes to all the structures from the mouth to the anus. ....
. The targets of these integrating neurons are mainly neurons of the enteric nervous system
Enteric nervous system
The enteric nervous system is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that directly controls the gastrointestinal system in vertebrates.It is derived from neural crest.-Function:...
.
Examples
These include1. the celiac ganglia
Celiac ganglia
The celiac ganglia or coeliac ganglia are two large irregularly shaped masses of nerve tissue in the upper abdomen. Part of the sympathetic subdivision of the autonomic nervous system , the two celiac ganglia are the largest ganglia in the ANS, and they innervate most of the digestive tract.They...
(which can include the aorticorenal ganglion
Aorticorenal ganglion
Sympathetic input to the gut comes from the sympathetic chain next to the thoracic vertebrae. The upper nerve supply leaves the sympathetic chain by the greater splanchnic nerve and synapses in the celiac ganglion before proceeding onto the foregut...
),
2. superior mesenteric ganglia, and
3. inferior mesenteric ganglia.