City of Adelaide
Encyclopedia
The City of Adelaide is a local government area in the metropolitan area of Adelaide
, South Australia
. It covers the original Adelaide city centre
settlement, (also known as the city, the square mile and the CBD
), North Adelaide
, and the Adelaide Park Lands
which surround North Adelaide and the city centre.
Established in 1840, the organisation now known as the Adelaide City Council (ACC) is the oldest municipal authority in Australia
. At its time of establishment, Adelaide's (and Australia's) first mayor, James Hurtle Fisher
, was elected. From 1919 onwards, the municipality has had a Lord Mayor, the current being Stephen Yarwood
.
Initially the new colony was managed by the colonial government. The first minicipality was established in 1840 as the Adelaide Corporation. However, due to a combination of the hostility of the incoming Governor Grey and falling revenues due to the onset of the colony's first economic crisis, the corporation became moribud in 1843. From 1843 to 1849, control and management reverted back to the colonial government, and from 1849 to 1852 the municipality was managed by a Commission with five members. With the positive economic effects of the Victorian gold-rush, a formal municipality was re-established in 1852, and "has operated continuously ever since". However, The city's relationship with the state and federal government has been described as being 'a continually abrasive relationship'.
The Council started in 1840 with nineteen members, who chose four of their number to be Aldermen, and then one of these (James Hurtle Fisher) to be Mayor. In 1852 the municipality was divided into four wards. Three Councillors and one Alderman were chosen, who in turn selected the Mayor. In 1861 the Mayor was chosen by all the electors and the position of Alderman was temporarily abolished. In 1873 the municipality was divided into six Wards, each represented by two Councillors. In 1880 the office of Alderman was recreated; they were chosen by electors of all Wards. The office of Mayor was raised to the stature of Lord Mayor by Royal Letters Patent in 1919. The Lord Mayor received the right to be styled ‘The Right Honourable’ in 1927.
The Arms of the City of Adelaide were granted by the Heralds College in 1929. In 1982 the Council approved the design of the Armorial Flag.
Notes
Adelaide
Adelaide is the capital city of South Australia and the fifth-largest city in Australia. Adelaide has an estimated population of more than 1.2 million...
, South Australia
South Australia
South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country. It covers some of the most arid parts of the continent; with a total land area of , it is the fourth largest of Australia's six states and two territories.South Australia shares borders with all of the mainland...
. It covers the original Adelaide city centre
Adelaide city centre
The Adelaide city centre is the innermost locality of Greater Adelaide, known by locals simply as "The City" or "Town". The locality is split into two key geographical distinctions: the city "square mile", bordered by North, East, South and West Terraces; and that part of the Adelaide Parklands...
settlement, (also known as the city, the square mile and the CBD
Central business district
A central business district is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city. In North America this part of a city is commonly referred to as "downtown" or "city center"...
), North Adelaide
North Adelaide
North Adelaide is a predominantly residential precinct of the City of Adelaide in South Australia, situated north of the River Torrens and within the Adelaide Park Lands.-History:...
, and the Adelaide Park Lands
Adelaide Park Lands
The Adelaide Park Lands are the parks that surround the centre of the South Australian capital city of Adelaide. They measure approximately 7.6 square kilometres in a green belt encircling the city centre....
which surround North Adelaide and the city centre.
Established in 1840, the organisation now known as the Adelaide City Council (ACC) is the oldest municipal authority in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. At its time of establishment, Adelaide's (and Australia's) first mayor, James Hurtle Fisher
James Hurtle Fisher
Sir James Hurtle Fisher was a lawyer and prominent South Australian pioneer. He was the first Resident Commissioner of South Australia, the first Mayor of Adelaide and the first resident South Australian to be knighted....
, was elected. From 1919 onwards, the municipality has had a Lord Mayor, the current being Stephen Yarwood
Stephen Yarwood
Stephen Yarwood is the current Lord Mayor of the City of Adelaide in South Australia.Yarwood was born in Whyalla, South Australia, and has worked as a town planner. He became a councillor in the City of Adelaide in 2007, and in 2008 was elected to the position of Deputy Lord Mayor. He won the 2010...
.
History
- See also Adelaide#History and History of AdelaideHistory of AdelaideThis article details the History of Adelaide from the first human activity in the region to the 20th century. Adelaide is a planned city founded in 1836 and the capital of South Australia.-Aboriginal settlement:...
Initially the new colony was managed by the colonial government. The first minicipality was established in 1840 as the Adelaide Corporation. However, due to a combination of the hostility of the incoming Governor Grey and falling revenues due to the onset of the colony's first economic crisis, the corporation became moribud in 1843. From 1843 to 1849, control and management reverted back to the colonial government, and from 1849 to 1852 the municipality was managed by a Commission with five members. With the positive economic effects of the Victorian gold-rush, a formal municipality was re-established in 1852, and "has operated continuously ever since". However, The city's relationship with the state and federal government has been described as being 'a continually abrasive relationship'.
The Council started in 1840 with nineteen members, who chose four of their number to be Aldermen, and then one of these (James Hurtle Fisher) to be Mayor. In 1852 the municipality was divided into four wards. Three Councillors and one Alderman were chosen, who in turn selected the Mayor. In 1861 the Mayor was chosen by all the electors and the position of Alderman was temporarily abolished. In 1873 the municipality was divided into six Wards, each represented by two Councillors. In 1880 the office of Alderman was recreated; they were chosen by electors of all Wards. The office of Mayor was raised to the stature of Lord Mayor by Royal Letters Patent in 1919. The Lord Mayor received the right to be styled ‘The Right Honourable’ in 1927.
The Arms of the City of Adelaide were granted by the Heralds College in 1929. In 1982 the Council approved the design of the Armorial Flag.
Population
At the end of the 20th century, the city had little more than thirty per cent of the population it had in 1915 (when the population reached more than 43,000), and about 5,000 less than the 1855 population of 18,259. According to the Annual Reports since then, the population has increased rapidly, and in line with the targets stated in the strategic plans developed at about that time.Notes
- The population figures have been extracted from Adelaide City Council Annual reports. The data is summarised on pages 149-150 of A Thematic History. Additional data not in that summary can be found in the reports on the council's "Annual Reports" page.
- 1840 The initial Annual Report noted a population of 8,480, with 1,615 buildings in the city.
- 1865 The quoted population of 8,303 seems unlikely, as does 18,303. The arithmetically interpolated population shown is 22,777.
- 1915 The peak population was 43,133.
- 1921 The State population passes 500,000.
- 1963 The State population passes 1,000,000.
- 2005-2006 The disproportionate size of this increase is not explained. However, in 2001, the population target set for 2006 was 17,000.
- 2010 In 2001, the population target set for 2010 was 26,000.
Services and amenities
Apart from providing the usual services like rubbish collection and controlling local development, the City of Adelaide owns and operates a number of city services and amenities, including:- A network of 11 car parking stations (Central MarketAdelaide Central MarketThe Adelaide Central Market is a major tourist attraction and large multicultural market in the centre of the CBD in Adelaide, Australia and is often referred to as the Central Market. The Central Market sells a wide variety of goods, including food, toys, jewellery, rugs, seafood, gourmet items, ...
, Grote, GawlerGeorge Gawler-External links: – Memorials and Monuments in Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK...
, GrenfellPascoe GrenfellPascoe St Leger Grenfell was a British business man and politician.-Biography:He was born at Marazion, in Cornwall. His father and uncle were merchants in the tin and copper business. Grenfell studied at Truro Grammar School before joining his father's business in London...
, PirieJohn PirieSir John Pirie was an alderman, and Lord Mayor , of the city of London. He was the largest shipbroker in London.In the 1830s he started to uphold Wakefield's principles and became a founding director, and one of the largest financiers, of the South Australian Company.He was also a director of the...
/FlindersMatthew FlindersCaptain Matthew Flinders RN was one of the most successful navigators and cartographers of his age. In a career that spanned just over twenty years, he sailed with Captain William Bligh, circumnavigated Australia and encouraged the use of that name for the continent, which had previously been...
, Light SquareLight Square, AdelaideLight Square is one of five squares in the City of Adelaide. Located in the centre of the north-western quarter of the Adelaide city centre, the Square is named after the city's planner, Colonel William Light....
, RundleRundle Street, AdelaideRundle Street is a street in the East End of Adelaide, South Australia. It runs from Pulteney Street in the west to East Terrace, where it becomes Rundle Road. Its former western extent, which ran to King William Street, was closed in 1972 to form the pedestrian street of Rundle Mall...
, TophamThomas Topham PletheridgeThomas Topham Petherbridge of Plymouth was an early land owner in Adelaide. His name was given to Topham Street, running on the site of his land between Currie Street and Waymouth Street. It is now a pedestrian mall, Topham Mall, and the Topham Link shopping arcade and Topham U-Park car parking...
, SturtCharles SturtCaptain Charles Napier Sturt was an English explorer of Australia, and part of the European Exploration of Australia. He led several expeditions into the interior of the continent, starting from both Sydney and later from Adelaide. His expeditions traced several of the westward-flowing rivers,...
, WyattWilliam WyattWilliam Wyatt was a pioneer settler and philanthropist in Australia.-Early life:Wyatt was born in Plymouth, Devon, England, the son of Richard Wyatt. He was apprenticed at 16 years of age to a Plymouth surgeon, Thomas Stewart. Wyatt continued to study medicine and obtained the qualification of...
and FromeEdward Charles FromeGeneral Edward Charles Frome was a prominent British Army officer and Surveyor-general of South Australia....
) branded as U-Park. - Adelaide Central MarketAdelaide Central MarketThe Adelaide Central Market is a major tourist attraction and large multicultural market in the centre of the CBD in Adelaide, Australia and is often referred to as the Central Market. The Central Market sells a wide variety of goods, including food, toys, jewellery, rugs, seafood, gourmet items, ...
, a popular tourist attraction and working market selling cheap fruit and vegetables and other products. - Adelaide Aquatic CentreAdelaide Aquatic CentreThe Adelaide Aquatic Centre is a complex of indoor heated swimming pools operated by the Adelaide City Council and located in the northernmost extent of the Adelaide Parklands...
, offering several indoor heated swimming pools, diving facilitiesDiving platformsA diving platform or diving tower is a type of structure used for competitive diving.They consist of a vertical rigid "tower" with one or more horizontal platforms extending out over a deep pool of water. In platform diving, the diver jumps from a high stationary surface...
, and a health clubGymThe word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, that mean a locality for both physical and intellectual education of young men...
. - A network of four local library and community centres from which local residents can borrow books, music, videos and computer programs, and gain access to computers and the internet.
- A city loop free bus service known as the Connector, which runs through the CBD and North Adelaide, with stops at every major tourist attraction and council library. A new Connector bus, with more seating capacitySeating capacitySeating capacity refers to the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, both in terms of the physical space available, and in terms of limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats...
has entered service, replacing one of the smaller buses that used to ply the route. This is the world's first solar powered bus and is called Tindo, named after the KaurnaKaurna language"Kaurna" is the language of the Kaurna people, an Australian aboriginal ethnic group, in South Australia. It was historically spoken on the Adelaide Plains from Crystal Brook and Clare in the north, to Cape Jervis in the south. It became extinct in the 19th century but was revived and reconstructed...
word for sun.
Sister cities
City of Adelaide has four sister cities:| City | State | Country | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austin Austin, Texas Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of :Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in... |
 TexasTexas Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in... |
 United StatesUnited States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1983 |
| Himeji |  Hyōgo |
 JapanJapan Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south... |
1982 |
| George Town George Town, Penang George Town was voted as one of the best cities in Asia by Asiaweek, ranked 6th in 1998 and 9th in 2000. More recently, George Town has improved a notch to rank as the 9th most liveable city in Asia in a survey of 254 cities worldwide according to an international location ratings survey by , an... |
 PenangPenang Penang is a state in Malaysia and the name of its constituent island, located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia by the Strait of Malacca. It is bordered by Kedah in the north and east, and Perak in the south. Penang is the second smallest Malaysian state in area after Perlis, and the... |
 Malaysia |
1973 |
| Christchurch Christchurch Christchurch is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the country's second-largest urban area after Auckland. It lies one third of the way down the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula which itself, since 2006, lies within the formal limits of... |
 Canterbury |
New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga... |
1972 |
Past residents
- William BraggWilliam BraggWilliam Bragg may refer to:* William David Bragg , cricketer* William Henry Bragg , joint 1915 Nobel Prize winning physicist* William Lawrence Bragg , joint 1915 Nobel Prize winning physicist...
– Nobel Laureate of Physics - X-ray crystallography as a method for 3-D structure determination of inorganic salts - Howard Florey – Nobel Laureate of Medicine - Widespread development and application of penicillinPenicillinPenicillin is a group of antibiotics derived from Penicillium fungi. They include penicillin G, procaine penicillin, benzathine penicillin, and penicillin V....
- Robin WarrenRobin WarrenJohn Robin Warren AC is an Australian pathologist, Nobel Laureate and researcher who is credited with the 1979 re-discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, together with Barry Marshall.- Life and career :...
– Nobel Laureate of Medicine - Discovered role of Helicobacter pyloriHelicobacter pyloriHelicobacter pylori , previously named Campylobacter pyloridis, is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium found in the stomach. It was identified in 1982 by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, who found that it was present in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers, conditions that were...
in gastric ulcers - Shaun MicallefShaun MicallefShaun Patrick Micallef is an Australian actor, comedian and writer. After ten years of working in insurance law as a solicitor in Adelaide, Micallef moved to Melbourne to pursue a full-time comedy career in 1993...
– Actor and host of Talking About Your Generation - Frank WoodleyFrank WoodleyFrank Woodley is an Australian comedian who is best known for his work alongside Colin Lane as part of the comedic duo, Lano and Woodley. The two performed together for almost 20 years in live shows, a television series and an album of comedic songs, before deciding to pursue individual careers...
– Actor and comedian - Paul McDermottPaul McDermott (comedian)Paul McDermott is an Australian comedian, actor, writer, director, singer, artist and television host. He currently hosts the satirical news-based 'Good News World' a follow up to quiz show Good News Week which airs in Australia on Network Ten...
– Host of Good News Week
External links
- City of Adelaide website
- City of Adelaide community profile
- City Profile and Population (Numbers from 2008-2009 Annual Report)