While Paris

Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 is encircled by the boulevard périphérique (Paris ring road), the city gates of Paris ("portes de Paris") are the access points to the city for pedestrians and other road users. As Paris has had successive ring roads through the centuries, city gates are found inside the modern-day Paris.

The city gates of today

(List of city gates created during the extension of Paris in 1860 and which have left their mark on the city map. The gates are listed in clockwise sequence starting in the north at la Route Nationale 1.)

18e est

• Porte de la Chapelle : route nationale 1, autoroute A1
  A1 autoroute (France)
  The A1 Autoroute, also known as l'autoroute du Nord , is the busiest of France's autoroutes. With a length of , it connects Paris with the northern city of Lille. It is managed by the Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France...
  
  

19e 

• Porte d'Aubervilliers : route nationale 301
• Porte de la Villette : route nationale 2
• Porte de Pantin : route nationale 3
• Porte Chaumont
• Porte Brunet
• Porte du Pré-Saint-Gervais
• Porte des Lilas
  Porte des Lilas
  Porte des Lilas is a 1957 French-Italian dramatic film directed by René Clair, based on René Fallet's novel La Grande Ceinture...
  
  

20e 

• Porte des Lilas
  Porte des Lilas
  Porte des Lilas is a 1957 French-Italian dramatic film directed by René Clair, based on René Fallet's novel La Grande Ceinture...
  
  
• Porte de Ménilmontant
• Porte de Bagnolet : autoroute A3
• Porte de Montreuil : route nationale 302

12e 

• Porte de Vincennes
  Porte de Vincennes
  The Porte de Vincennes is one of the city gates of Paris situated in the Bel Air neighborhood of the 12th arrondissement.- Location :...
  
   : route nationale 34
• Porte Jaune
• Porte de Saint-Mandé
• Porte de Montempoivre
• Porte Dorée
  Porte Dorée
  * Palais de la Porte Dorée is an exhibit hall located on the edge of the Bois de Vincennes at 293, avenue Daumesnil, XIIe arrondissement, Paris.* Porte Dorée is a station on line 8 of the Paris Métro....
  
   or "Porte de Picpus"
• Porte de Reuilly
• Porte de Charenton : route nationale 6
• Porte de Bercy : autoroute A4

13e 

• Porte de la Gare
• Porte de Vitry
• Porte d'Ivry
• Porte de Choisy : route nationale 305
• Porte d'Italie
  Porte d'Italie
  Porte d'Italie are located in the 13th arrondissement, at the intersection of Avenue d'Italie, Boulevard Massena, Avenue de la Porte d'Italie and street Kellermann, facing the Kremlin-​​Bicetre....
  
   : route nationale 7
• Poterne des Peupliers

14e 

• Porte de Gentilly
• Porte d'Arcueil
• Porte d'Orléans : route nationale 20
• Porte de Montrouge
• Porte de Châtillon
• Porte Didot
• Porte de Vanves

15e 

• Porte Brancion
• Porte de Plaisance
• Porte de la Plaine
• Porte de Versailles
• Porte d'Issy
• Porte de Sèvres

16e 

• Porte du Point-du-Jour
• Porte de Saint-Cloud : route nationale 10
• Porte Molitor
• Porte de Boulogne
• Porte de l'Hippodrome
• Porte d'Auteuil : autoroute A13
  A13 autoroute
  Autoroute 13, or L'Autoroute de Normandie links Paris to Caen, Calvados.The motorway starts in Paris at the Porte d'Auteuil, a former gate of the Paris walls, and ends at Mondeville's Mondeville 2 exchange junction on Caen's ring road...
  
  
• Porte de Passy
• Porte de la Muette
• Porte Dauphine
• Porte de la Seine
• Porte de Madrid
• Porte Saint-James
• Porte de Neuilly
• Porte des Sablons

17e 

• Porte Maillot
  Porte Maillot
  The Porte Maillot is one of the access points into Paris mentioned in 1860 and one of the ancient ancient city gates in the Thiers wall....
  
   : route nationale 13
• Porte des Ternes
• Porte de Villiers
• Porte de Champerret
• Porte de Courcelles
• Porte d'Asnières
• Porte de Clichy
• Porte Pouchet

18e 

• Porte de Saint-Ouen
• Porte de Montmartre
• Porte de Clignancourt : route nationale 14
• Porte des Poissonniers

Ancient gates of Paris

• Porte Saint-Denis
  Porte Saint-Denis
  The Porte Saint-Denis is a Parisian monument located in the 10th arrondissement, at the site of one of the gates of the Wall of Charles V, one of the now-destroyed fortifications of Paris...
  
   along the trace of the enceinte
  Enceinte
  Enceinte , is a French term used technically in fortification for the inner ring of fortifications surrounding a town or a concentric castle....
  
   of Charles V
  Charles V of France
  Charles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
  
  .
• Porte Saint-Martin
  Porte Saint-Martin
  The Porte Saint-Martin is a Parisian monument located at the site of one of the gates of the now-destroyed fortifications of Paris. It is located at the crossing of Rue Saint-Martin, Rue du Faubourg Saint-Martin and the grands boulevards Boulevard Saint-Martin and Boulevard Saint-Denis.- History...
  
   along the trace of the enceinte
  Enceinte
  Enceinte , is a French term used technically in fortification for the inner ring of fortifications surrounding a town or a concentric castle....
  
   of Charles V
  Charles V of France
  Charles V , called the Wise, was King of France from 1364 to his death in 1380 and a member of the House of Valois...
  
  .
• Rue des Fossés-Saint-Bernard
• Rue des Fossés-Saint-Jacques
• Rue des Fossés-Saint-Marcel

After the construction of the Wall of the Farmers-General

Wall of the Farmers-General

The Wall of the Farmers-General was built between 1784 and 1791 by the Ferme générale, the corporation of tax farmers. It was one of the several city walls of Paris built between the early Middle Ages to the mid 19th century. It was 24 kilometers long and roughly followed the route now occupied by...

 in 1785, the gates of Paris bore the names barriers (barrières) until 1860 (e.g. barrière de la Villette, barrière du Trône, barrière d'Italie, etc.) They were, in fact, toll gates used for collection of the octroi

Octroi

Octroi is a local tax collected on various articles brought into a district for consumption.-Antiquity:Octroi taxes have a respectable antiquity, being known in Roman times as vectigalia...

, an internal tax (an excise

Excise

Excise tax in the United States is a indirect tax on listed items. Excise taxes can be and are made by federal, state and local governments and are far from uniform throughout the United States...

 tax) assessed on goods entering the city. Some of the toll booths built by Ledoux

Claude Nicolas Ledoux

Claude-Nicolas Ledoux was one of the earliest exponents of French Neoclassical architecture. He used his knowledge of architectural theory to design not only in domestic architecture but town planning; as a consequence of his visionary plan for the Ideal City of Chaux, he became known as a utopian...

 remain at:

• rotunda
  Rotunda (architecture)
  A rotunda is any building with a circular ground plan, sometimes covered by a dome. It can also refer to a round room within a building . The Pantheon in Rome is a famous rotunda. A Band Rotunda is a circular bandstand, usually with a dome...
  
   of the Place de Stalingrad
• Place du Trône
• Place Denfert-Rochereau
  Place Denfert-Rochereau
  Place Denfert-Rochereau, previously known as Place d'Enfer, is a public square located in the 14th arrondissement of Paris, France, in the Montparnasse district, at the intersection of the boulevards Raspail, Arago, and Saint-Jacques, and the avenues René Coty, Général Leclerc, and , as well as the...
  
   (formerly barrière d'Enfer)

See also

• Boulevards of the Marshals (Paris)
• City walls of Paris
  City walls of Paris
  Over time, several city walls of Paris were built :* a gauloise enclosure * a Gallo-Roman wall* two medieval walls including the main one : the wall of Philippe Auguste* the wall of Charles V, extending on the right bank...
  
  
• Enceinte
  Enceinte
  Enceinte , is a French term used technically in fortification for the inner ring of fortifications surrounding a town or a concentric castle....