Chêne-Bourg
Encyclopedia
Chêne-Bourg is a municipality
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...

 in the canton of Geneva
Canton of Geneva
The Republic and Canton of Geneva is the French speaking westernmost canton or state of Switzerland, surrounded on almost all sides by France. As is the case in several other Swiss cantons The Republic and Canton of Geneva is the French speaking westernmost canton or state of Switzerland,...

, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

.

History

Chêne-Bourg is first mentioned in 1270 as Quercus. In 1869 it became an independent municipality when Chêne-Thônex divided into the municipalities of Chêne-Bourg and Thônex
Thônex
Thônex is a municipality of the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It is situated in the east of the canton and shares a border with the French town of Ambilly.-History:...

.

Geography

Chêne-Bourg has an area, , of 1.28 square kilometre (0.494210762998445 sq mi). Of this area, 0.11 km² (0.0424712374451789 sq mi) or 8.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.04 km² (0.0154440863437014 sq mi) or 3.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.12 km² (0.432434417623639 sq mi) or 87.5% is settled (buildings or roads).

Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 3.1% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 59.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 15.6%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 8.6%. Out of the forested land, 1.6% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 7.0% is used for growing crops.

The municipality is located on the left bank of Lake Geneva
Lake Geneva
Lake Geneva or Lake Léman is a lake in Switzerland and France. It is one of the largest lakes in Western Europe. 59.53 % of it comes under the jurisdiction of Switzerland , and 40.47 % under France...

 and the Seymaz river. It is partly surrounded by the municipality of Thônex
Thônex
Thônex is a municipality of the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It is situated in the east of the canton and shares a border with the French town of Ambilly.-History:...

. Outside of the historic core, the municipality is densely populated, with a number of villas and small multi-family buildings.

The municipality of Chêne-Bourg consists of the sub-sections or villages of Vieux-Bourg, Petit-Senn - Floraire, Chêne-Bourg - centre, Plateau de Bel-Air and Petit-Bel-Air.

Demographics

Chêne-Bourg has a population of . , 34.6% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 15.4%. It has changed at a rate of 9.6% due to migration and at a rate of 5.9% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...

 (5,781 or 80.1%), with Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...

 being second most common (348 or 4.8%) and Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...

 being third (262 or 3.6%). There are 6 people who speak Romansh.

, the gender distribution of the population was 47.1% male and 52.9% female. The population was made up of 2,346 Swiss men (29.2% of the population) and 1,446 (18.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,879 Swiss women (35.8%) and 1,372 (17.1%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality 1,101 or about 15.2% were born in Chêne-Bourg and lived there in 2000. There were 1,836 or 25.4% who were born in the same canton, while 1,080 or 15.0% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 2,819 or 39.0% were born outside of Switzerland.

In there were 57 live births to Swiss citizens and 24 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 26 deaths of Swiss citizens and 3 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 31 while the foreign population increased by 21. There were 28 Swiss men and 28 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 41 non-Swiss men and 52 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 43 and the non-Swiss population increased by 21 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.8%.

The age distribution of the population is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 23.3% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 63.3% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.3%.

, there were 3,026 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 3,213 married individuals, 378 widows or widowers and 604 individuals who are divorced.

the average number of residents per living room was 0.68 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.64 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 13.8% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...

 or a rent-to-own agreement).

, there were 3,248 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.1 persons per household. There were 1,290 households that consist of only one person and 148 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 3,351 households that answered this question, 38.5% were households made up of just one person and there were 19 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 741 married couples without children, 849 married couples with children There were 297 single parents with a child or children. There were 52 households that were made up of unrelated people and 103 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 342 single family homes (or 47.0% of the total) out of a total of 728 inhabited buildings. There were 220 multi-family buildings (30.2%), along with 125 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (17.2%) and 41 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (5.6%). Of the single family homes 58 were built before 1919, while 37 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (79) were built between 1919 and 1945.

there were 3,524 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 1,097. There were 407 single room apartments and 447 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 3,191 apartments (90.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 266 apartments (7.5%) were seasonally occupied and 67 apartments (1.9%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 6.5 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.16%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Notable residents

Louis Favre
Louis Favre
Louis Favre was a Swiss engineer, remembered as the builder of the Gotthard Rail Tunnel between 1872 and his death in the tunnel in 1879....

 was born in Chêne-Bourg. The pianist Dinu Lipatti
Dinu Lipatti
Dinu Lipatti was a Romanian classical pianist and composer whose career was cut short by his death from Hodgkin's disease at age 33. He was elected posthumously to the Romanian Academy.-Biography:...

 is buried in the cemetery of Chêne-Bourg next to his wife Madeleine.

Politics

In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...

 the most popular party was the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....

 which received 20.11% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...

 (18.73%), the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...

 (17.17%) and the LPS Party
Liberal Party of Switzerland
The Liberal Party of Switzerland was a party with economically liberal policies. It was known as a party of the upper class. On 1 January 2009 it merged with the larger Free Democratic Party to establish FDP.The Liberals....

 (16.62%). In the federal election, a total of 1,807 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...

 was 45.2%.

In the 2009 Grand Conseil
Grand Council of Geneva
The Grand Council of Geneva is the legislature of the canton of Geneva, in Switzerland. Geneva, styled as a 'Republic and Canton', has a unicameral legislature. The Grand Council has 100 seats, with members elected every four years...

 election, there were a total of 4,065 registered voters of which 1,525 (37.5%) voted. The most popular party in the municipality for this election was the MCG with 17.0% of the ballots. In the canton-wide election they received the third highest proportion of votes. The second most popular party was the Les Verts
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...

 (with 15.6%), they were also second in the canton-wide election, while the third most popular party was the Les Socialistes
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....

 (with 13.8%), they were fourth in the canton-wide election.

For the 2009 Conseil d'Etat election, there were a total of 4,080 registered voters of which 1,788 (43.8%) voted.

In 2011, all the municipalities held local elections, and in Chêne-Bourg there were 23 spots open on the municipal council. There were a total of 5,621 registered voters of which 2,093 (37.2%) voted. Out of the 2,093 votes, there were 13 blank votes, 23 null or unreadable votes and 192 votes with a name that was not on the list.

Economy

The workshop of watchmaker Frédérique Constant
Frédérique Constant
Frederique Constant SA is a manufacture of luxury wrist watches based in Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva. The company was established in 1904 by Frederique Schreiner & Constant Stas and is involved in all the stages of watch production, from initial design to final assembly...

 can be found in Chêne-Bourg.

, Chêne-Bourg had an unemployment rate of 7.4%. , there were 2 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 1 business involved in this sector. 1,032 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 83 businesses in this sector. 1,776 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 320 businesses in this sector. There were 3,606 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 48.2% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent , is a unit to measure employed persons or students in a way that makes them comparable although they may work or study a different number of hours per week. FTE is often used to measure a worker's involvement in a project, or to track cost reductions in an organization...

 jobs was 2,504. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 1, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 1,003 of which 768 or (76.6%) were in manufacturing and 234 (23.3%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 1,500. In the tertiary sector; 439 or 29.3% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 66 or 4.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 108 or 7.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 142 or 9.5% were in the information industry, 68 or 4.5% were the insurance or financial industry, 170 or 11.3% were technical professionals or scientists, 90 or 6.0% were in education and 181 or 12.1% were in health care.

, there were 3,332 workers who commuted into the municipality and 2,990 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 1.1 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. About 21.2% of the workforce coming into Chêne-Bourg are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.0% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 36% used public transportation to get to work, and 41.3% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 3,111 or 43.1% were Roman Catholic, while 1,053 or 14.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church
Swiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...

. Of the rest of the population, there were 107 members of an Orthodox church
Orthodox Christianity
The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to:* the Eastern Orthodox Church and its various geographical subdivisions...

 (or about 1.48% of the population), there were 6 individuals (or about 0.08% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...

, and there were 125 individuals (or about 1.73% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 35 individuals (or about 0.48% of the population) who were Jewish
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...

, and 266 (or about 3.68% of the population) who were Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and .   : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...

ic. There were 16 individuals who were Buddhist
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...

, 6 individuals who were Hindu
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...

 and 16 individuals who belonged to another church. 1,741 (or about 24.11% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....

 or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...

, and 739 individuals (or about 10.23% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Chêne-Bourg about 2,103 or (29.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 1,247 or (17.3%) have completed additional higher education (either University or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...

). Of the 1,247 who completed tertiary schooling, 34.2% were Swiss men, 36.2% were Swiss women, 16.0% were non-Swiss men and 13.6% were non-Swiss women.

During the 2009-2010 school year there were a total of 1,667 students in the Chêne-Bourg school system. The education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...

 in the Canton of Geneva allows young children to attend two years of non-obligatory Kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...

. During that school year, there were 131 children who were in a pre-kindergarten class. The canton's school system provides two years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...

 and requires students to attend six years of primary school, with some of the children attending smaller, specialized classes. In Chêne-Bourg there were 299 students in kindergarten or primary school and 34 students were in the special, smaller classes. The secondary school
Secondary school
Secondary school is a term used to describe an educational institution where the final stage of schooling, known as secondary education and usually compulsory up to a specified age, takes place...

program consists of three lower, obligatory years of schooling, followed by three to five years of optional, advanced schools. There were 299 lower secondary students who attended school in Chêne-Bourg. There were 382 upper secondary students from the municipality along with 74 students who were in a professional, non-university track program. An additional 95 students attended a private school.

, there were 76 students in Chêne-Bourg who came from another municipality, while 709 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

External links

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