Châteauneuf-en-Thymerais
Encyclopedia
Châteauneuf-en-Thymerais is a commune
Eure-et-Loir
department in northern France
.
The commune was once an important stronghold reigning over the whole natural and historic province of Thymerais
.
Born of the fierce determination of his first lords to face the threat weighed the Duke of Normandy
on the Kingdom of France
, and devastated much debated over the ages, the castle was eventually demolished, but the city remained. It gradually lost its importance and the feud was the center of which she was dismembered so that it became a barony in the eighteenth century was far from having the same extend in the thirteenth century.
The city known since the end of second war a fragile revival by taking advantage of its location due to its proximity to Paris
and employment areas of Chartres
and Dreux
. She managed to attract some industrial enterprises to retain part of its business while achieving a low but steady demographic development. Already head of Canton, belonging to the Country Drouais the city became in 2003 the center of the Community of communes of Thymerais.
happy after this track to its neighbor Thimert, Chateauneuf-en-Thymerais is located south of Normandy
and Drouais, west and north of the Beauce and Chartrain and east of the Perche . The city was built following the vicissitudes of history in a forested area called, around 600 or even at a much earlier period, the Perche. This designation did not yet apply to the early eleventh century to the political or administrative divisions. However, the woodland was divided between the Perche County Corbon (Mortagne), the Barony of Chateauneuf, the county and the bishopric of Chartres, the Viscount of Chateaudun and County Vendome. Progressive clearing of this forest was back up the pole and left the Thymerais. Crossroads, the town is now a chief of the canton and the center of the Community of common Thymerais.
, who took a stand against William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy
and future king of England, the latter seized Thimert and left there a governor, but the following year, Henry I. King of France, he took up the castle and razed. It was reconstructed by Gaston, brother of Albert Ribaud built a short distance in a clearing in the woods, a fort named Chastel-neuf. It was formed around a village of the same name, which soon became the capital of Thymerais.
From a standpoint feudal, in 1200 the Thymerais
formed one great fief whose center was Châteauneuf-en-thymerais. The Châtellerie Châteauneuf-en-Thymerais covered an area roughly bounded by the north Avre river
and Eure River
south and east. The Châtellerie covered more than 80 villages within these limits but also villages in Eure
: Acon, Armentieres-sur-Avre in Saint-Martin-du-Vieux-Verneuil, Saint-Victor-sur-Avre, and the Department of Orne
: Charencey, Moussonvilliers, Normandel and La Trinite-sur-Avre, all in Township of Tourouvre.
Hughes who married Mabile, daughter of Roger de Montgomery and Mabile de Bellême, gave asylum to Châteauneuf, Robert Courteheuse, rebelled against his father after a quarrel with his brothers and the failure to take the Castle of Rouen. William the Conqueror came to then, in 1078, the headquarters of Regmalard
, which eventually surrender. He was accompanied Rotrou III, Count of Perche, Count of Mortagne, lord of Regmalard.
The castle was sacked in 1169 by King Henry I of England
, following the destruction of Chennebrun, located on the left bank of the Avre the previous year by the King of France. The castle was again attacked by Henry II of England
, who burned the fortress, but it was rebuilt in 1189 by Hughes III du Chatel, lord of Thymerais
. Hughes III received the castle of King Louis VII of France
on the occasion of the inauguration of the fair of Saint-Jacques Boutaincourt. St. Thomas Chapel was built at that time in the suburbs of the town (now St Thomas Road between Chartres and those of Nogent-le-Roi). Closed for worship since the French Revolution
, she was raised in honor of St. Thomas Becket
, Archbishop of Cantorbéy.
In 1269, King Louis IX of France
or St. Louis, came to Thimert went to the castle of Chateauneuf. At that time, a major exhibition under the patronage of Saint-Arnoult, held in July in a suburb of the city, behind Grande Noé.
Chateauneuf was erected in 1314 in peerage barony-vassal of the Kingdom of France
, under the Tower of the Louvre. The barony was then composed of four castellanies: Chateauneuf, Brezolles, Senonches and Champrond en Gâtine. The lordship of Champrond en Gastine was acquired in June 1310 by Charles I Count of Alençon and Perche, through an exchange with Enguerrand de Marigny
, the king's chamberlain, and Havis de Mons, his wife, who held it for Gaucher de Chatillon, Comte de Ponthieu. The barony of Chateauneuf-en-Thimerais stayed home Alençon until its extinction in 1525 with Charles IV of Alençon
.
During the Hundred Years War, the Bourguignons, under the command of Maréchal de Longny took the city. Recovery thereafter, she was again captured by Warwick
in 1418, and Henry V of England
installed there one of his lieutenants. The city was finally taken over by Jean II, Duke of Alençon after the battle of Verdun in 1424.
Later, Henry IV of France
establishes a baillage in the early seventeenth century.
In August 1449, King Charles VII of France
came to Chateauneuf and stayed three days at the castle.
On the death of Charles IV of Alençon
in 1525, the king seize their land, most of whom had been given to its prerogative and ancestors had, for lack of male descendants, return to the Crown under the law of appendages. But the barony of Chateauneuf was not part of the prerogative of the Duc d'Alencon. Count Charles II of Alençon
had inherited the barony third of his brother Louis, Count of Chartres, by sharing in 1335 and Pierre II of Alençon had acquired the other two thirds in 1370, finally was acquired by Champrond Charles, in 1310, and the two sisters of the Duke Charles, Françoise of Alençon, wife of Charles IV de Bourbon
, duke of Vendome, and Anne of Alençon
, Marquise of Montferrat
, opposed the seizure by the king of the assets of their brother. There followed a trial that was not completed until 1563 by a double transaction between King Charles IX of France
and the descendants of Anne and Françoise d'Alençon, which the king accepted their claims in restoring the barony of Chateauneuf-in-Thimerais. This was divided among the heirs of Françoise d'Alençon, who took Champrond and Chateauneuf and Louis de Gonzague, grand-son of Anne of Alençon, Marquise of Montferrat (now the same year by the Duke of Nivernais marriage with Henriette of Cleves
) received the cities, towns and castellanies Senonches and Brezolles en Thimerais who were distracted from the barony of Châteauneuf. In February 1500 King Charles IX was erected and the lordships of Brezolles Senonches, sold under the name in the principality of Mantua, in favor of Louis de Gonzague, father of Charles and were erected into a principality under the name of Mantua.
In 1591, the Comte de Soissons, plundered the castle along with those of Arpentigny and La Ferte-Vidame.
The castle was never rebuilt and returned to the royal domain Châteauneuf annexe and lords who resided Maillebois until about half of the eighteenth century. The stronghold was Thymerais meanwhile gradually dismantled so that by the late eighteenth century the barony of Chateauneuf-en-Thymerais was nowhere near the same extent in the thirteenth century.
In the late eighteenth century was a Châteauneuf dependence of the election of Verneuil-sur-Avre and generality of Alencon.
She was chief town of the district from 1790 to 1795. She took the name of Puy-la-Montagne to the revolutionary era.
The last traces of the castle moat, were gradually filled during the nineteenth century. The last traces of them were erased in the first half of the twentieth century to make way for new roads (including street of Pont Tabarin, street of Petite Friche and Street Dulorens).
In the twentieth century the city had to suffer bombardment during the year 1940. The war was over, Chateauneuf saw the arrival of families of U.S. soldiers housed in a subdivision south of the city and worked for many of them on the U.S. air base south of Crucey Brezolles. They left in 1966 when the subtraction of French forces in integrated military command of NATO decided by De Gaulle in fact expelling U.S. bases in the territory.
Communes of France
The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. French communes are roughly equivalent to incorporated municipalities or villages in the United States or Gemeinden in Germany...
Eure-et-Loir
Eure-et-Loir
Eure-et-Loir is a French department, named after the Eure and Loir rivers.-History:Eure-et-Loir is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790 pursuant to the Act of December 22, 1789...
department in northern France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
The commune was once an important stronghold reigning over the whole natural and historic province of Thymerais
Thymerais
Thymerais is a natural region of Eure-et-Loir where history and geography meet. Open to influences Normandy, Drouais, Beauce and Perche, there is a transition zone like the Drouais....
.
Born of the fierce determination of his first lords to face the threat weighed the Duke of Normandy
Duke of Normandy
The Duke of Normandy is the title of the reigning monarch of the British Crown Dependancies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey. The title traces its roots to the Duchy of Normandy . Whether the reigning sovereign is a male or female, they are always titled as the "Duke of...
on the Kingdom of France
Kingdom of France
The Kingdom of France was one of the most powerful states to exist in Europe during the second millennium.It originated from the Western portion of the Frankish empire, and consolidated significant power and influence over the next thousand years. Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King, developed a...
, and devastated much debated over the ages, the castle was eventually demolished, but the city remained. It gradually lost its importance and the feud was the center of which she was dismembered so that it became a barony in the eighteenth century was far from having the same extend in the thirteenth century.
The city known since the end of second war a fragile revival by taking advantage of its location due to its proximity to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and employment areas of Chartres
Chartres
Chartres is a commune and capital of the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France. It is located southwest of Paris.-Geography:Chartres is built on the left bank of the Eure River, on a hill crowned by its famous cathedral, the spires of which are a landmark in the surrounding country...
and Dreux
Dreux
Dreux is a commune in the Eure-et-Loir department in northern France.-History:Dreux was known in ancient times as Durocassium, the capital of the Durocasses Celtic tribe. Despite the legend, its name was not related with Druids. The Romans established here a fortified camp known as Castrum...
. She managed to attract some industrial enterprises to retain part of its business while achieving a low but steady demographic development. Already head of Canton, belonging to the Country Drouais the city became in 2003 the center of the Community of communes of Thymerais.
Geography
Former capital of ThymeraisThymerais
Thymerais is a natural region of Eure-et-Loir where history and geography meet. Open to influences Normandy, Drouais, Beauce and Perche, there is a transition zone like the Drouais....
happy after this track to its neighbor Thimert, Chateauneuf-en-Thymerais is located south of Normandy
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
and Drouais, west and north of the Beauce and Chartrain and east of the Perche . The city was built following the vicissitudes of history in a forested area called, around 600 or even at a much earlier period, the Perche. This designation did not yet apply to the early eleventh century to the political or administrative divisions. However, the woodland was divided between the Perche County Corbon (Mortagne), the Barony of Chateauneuf, the county and the bishopric of Chartres, the Viscount of Chateaudun and County Vendome. Progressive clearing of this forest was back up the pole and left the Thymerais. Crossroads, the town is now a chief of the canton and the center of the Community of common Thymerais.
History
In 1058, Albert Ribaud, lord of ThymeraisThymerais
Thymerais is a natural region of Eure-et-Loir where history and geography meet. Open to influences Normandy, Drouais, Beauce and Perche, there is a transition zone like the Drouais....
, who took a stand against William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy
Duke of Normandy
The Duke of Normandy is the title of the reigning monarch of the British Crown Dependancies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey. The title traces its roots to the Duchy of Normandy . Whether the reigning sovereign is a male or female, they are always titled as the "Duke of...
and future king of England, the latter seized Thimert and left there a governor, but the following year, Henry I. King of France, he took up the castle and razed. It was reconstructed by Gaston, brother of Albert Ribaud built a short distance in a clearing in the woods, a fort named Chastel-neuf. It was formed around a village of the same name, which soon became the capital of Thymerais.
From a standpoint feudal, in 1200 the Thymerais
Thymerais
Thymerais is a natural region of Eure-et-Loir where history and geography meet. Open to influences Normandy, Drouais, Beauce and Perche, there is a transition zone like the Drouais....
formed one great fief whose center was Châteauneuf-en-thymerais. The Châtellerie Châteauneuf-en-Thymerais covered an area roughly bounded by the north Avre river
Avre (Eure)
The Avre is a river in France and a left tributary of the River Eure.The headwaters are in the Perche forest in Orne. It is 280m above sea level and joins with the Eure near Dreux and forms the border between the Eure and Eure-et-Loir départements....
and Eure River
Eure River
The Eure is a river in northern France, left tributary of the Seine. It rises at Marchainville in the Orne département and joins the Seine near Pont-de-l'Arche...
south and east. The Châtellerie covered more than 80 villages within these limits but also villages in Eure
Eure
Eure is a department in the north of France named after the river Eure.- History :Eure is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790...
: Acon, Armentieres-sur-Avre in Saint-Martin-du-Vieux-Verneuil, Saint-Victor-sur-Avre, and the Department of Orne
Orne
Orne is a department in the northwest of France, named after the river Orne.- History :Orne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution, on March 4, 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Normandy and Perche.- Geography :Orne is in the region of...
: Charencey, Moussonvilliers, Normandel and La Trinite-sur-Avre, all in Township of Tourouvre.
Hughes who married Mabile, daughter of Roger de Montgomery and Mabile de Bellême, gave asylum to Châteauneuf, Robert Courteheuse, rebelled against his father after a quarrel with his brothers and the failure to take the Castle of Rouen. William the Conqueror came to then, in 1078, the headquarters of Regmalard
Rémalard
Rémalard is a commune in the Orne department in north-western France.-References:*...
, which eventually surrender. He was accompanied Rotrou III, Count of Perche, Count of Mortagne, lord of Regmalard.
The castle was sacked in 1169 by King Henry I of England
Henry I of England
Henry I was the fourth son of William I of England. He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose, to become Duke of Normandy in 1106...
, following the destruction of Chennebrun, located on the left bank of the Avre the previous year by the King of France. The castle was again attacked by Henry II of England
Henry II of England
Henry II ruled as King of England , Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France. Henry, the great-grandson of William the Conqueror, was the...
, who burned the fortress, but it was rebuilt in 1189 by Hughes III du Chatel, lord of Thymerais
Thymerais
Thymerais is a natural region of Eure-et-Loir where history and geography meet. Open to influences Normandy, Drouais, Beauce and Perche, there is a transition zone like the Drouais....
. Hughes III received the castle of King Louis VII of France
Louis VII of France
Louis VII was King of France, the son and successor of Louis VI . He ruled from 1137 until his death. He was a member of the House of Capet. His reign was dominated by feudal struggles , and saw the beginning of the long rivalry between France and England...
on the occasion of the inauguration of the fair of Saint-Jacques Boutaincourt. St. Thomas Chapel was built at that time in the suburbs of the town (now St Thomas Road between Chartres and those of Nogent-le-Roi). Closed for worship since the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
, she was raised in honor of St. Thomas Becket
Thomas Becket
Thomas Becket was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 until his murder in 1170. He is venerated as a saint and martyr by both the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion...
, Archbishop of Cantorbéy.
In 1269, King Louis IX of France
Louis IX of France
Louis IX , commonly Saint Louis, was King of France from 1226 until his death. He was also styled Louis II, Count of Artois from 1226 to 1237. Born at Poissy, near Paris, he was an eighth-generation descendant of Hugh Capet, and thus a member of the House of Capet, and the son of Louis VIII and...
or St. Louis, came to Thimert went to the castle of Chateauneuf. At that time, a major exhibition under the patronage of Saint-Arnoult, held in July in a suburb of the city, behind Grande Noé.
Chateauneuf was erected in 1314 in peerage barony-vassal of the Kingdom of France
Kingdom of France
The Kingdom of France was one of the most powerful states to exist in Europe during the second millennium.It originated from the Western portion of the Frankish empire, and consolidated significant power and influence over the next thousand years. Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King, developed a...
, under the Tower of the Louvre. The barony was then composed of four castellanies: Chateauneuf, Brezolles, Senonches and Champrond en Gâtine. The lordship of Champrond en Gastine was acquired in June 1310 by Charles I Count of Alençon and Perche, through an exchange with Enguerrand de Marigny
Enguerrand de Marigny
Enguerrand de Marigny was a French chamberlain and minister of Philip IV the Fair.He was born at Lyons-la-Forêt in Normandy, of an old Norman family of the smaller baronage called Le Portier, which took the name of Marigny about 1200....
, the king's chamberlain, and Havis de Mons, his wife, who held it for Gaucher de Chatillon, Comte de Ponthieu. The barony of Chateauneuf-en-Thimerais stayed home Alençon until its extinction in 1525 with Charles IV of Alençon
Charles IV of Alençon
Charles IV of Alençon was the son of René of Alençon and the Blessed Margaret of Vaudémont.He succeeded his father in 1492 as Duke of Alençon and Count of Perche, and was also Count of Armagnac, Fézensac, Viscount of Rodez, Count of Fezensaguet, l'Isle-Jourdain, and Perdiac.In 1509 he married...
.
During the Hundred Years War, the Bourguignons, under the command of Maréchal de Longny took the city. Recovery thereafter, she was again captured by Warwick
Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick
Richard Neville KG, jure uxoris 16th Earl of Warwick and suo jure 6th Earl of Salisbury and 8th and 5th Baron Montacute , known as Warwick the Kingmaker, was an English nobleman, administrator, and military commander...
in 1418, and Henry V of England
Henry V of England
Henry V was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 35 in 1422. He was the second monarch belonging to the House of Lancaster....
installed there one of his lieutenants. The city was finally taken over by Jean II, Duke of Alençon after the battle of Verdun in 1424.
Later, Henry IV of France
Henry IV of France
Henry IV , Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France....
establishes a baillage in the early seventeenth century.
In August 1449, King Charles VII of France
Charles VII of France
Charles VII , called the Victorious or the Well-Served , was King of France from 1422 to his death, though he was initially opposed by Henry VI of England, whose Regent, the Duke of Bedford, ruled much of France including the capital, Paris...
came to Chateauneuf and stayed three days at the castle.
On the death of Charles IV of Alençon
Charles IV of Alençon
Charles IV of Alençon was the son of René of Alençon and the Blessed Margaret of Vaudémont.He succeeded his father in 1492 as Duke of Alençon and Count of Perche, and was also Count of Armagnac, Fézensac, Viscount of Rodez, Count of Fezensaguet, l'Isle-Jourdain, and Perdiac.In 1509 he married...
in 1525, the king seize their land, most of whom had been given to its prerogative and ancestors had, for lack of male descendants, return to the Crown under the law of appendages. But the barony of Chateauneuf was not part of the prerogative of the Duc d'Alencon. Count Charles II of Alençon
Charles II of Alençon
Charles II of Alençon, called the Magnanimous was the second son of Charles of Valois and his first wife Margaret, and brother of Philip VI, King of France...
had inherited the barony third of his brother Louis, Count of Chartres, by sharing in 1335 and Pierre II of Alençon had acquired the other two thirds in 1370, finally was acquired by Champrond Charles, in 1310, and the two sisters of the Duke Charles, Françoise of Alençon, wife of Charles IV de Bourbon
Charles IV de Bourbon
Charles de Bourbon was a French prince du sang and military commander at the court of Francis I of France. He is notable as the paternal grandfather of King Henry IV of France.-Biography:...
, duke of Vendome, and Anne of Alençon
Anne of Alençon
Anne d'Alençon , Lady of La Guerche, was a French noblewoman and a Marquise of Montferrat as the wife of William IX, Marquis of Montferrat...
, Marquise of Montferrat
Montferrat
Montferrat is part of the region of Piedmont in Northern Italy. It comprises roughly the modern provinces of Alessandria and Asti. Montferrat is one of the most important wine districts of Italy...
, opposed the seizure by the king of the assets of their brother. There followed a trial that was not completed until 1563 by a double transaction between King Charles IX of France
Charles IX of France
Charles IX was King of France, ruling from 1560 until his death. His reign was dominated by the Wars of Religion. He is best known as king at the time of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre.-Childhood:...
and the descendants of Anne and Françoise d'Alençon, which the king accepted their claims in restoring the barony of Chateauneuf-in-Thimerais. This was divided among the heirs of Françoise d'Alençon, who took Champrond and Chateauneuf and Louis de Gonzague, grand-son of Anne of Alençon, Marquise of Montferrat (now the same year by the Duke of Nivernais marriage with Henriette of Cleves
Henriette of Cleves
Henriette of Cleves, Duchess of Nevers and Duchess of Rethel was a French noblewoman and heiress of the Cleves-Nevers family. She was also known as Henriette de La Marck...
) received the cities, towns and castellanies Senonches and Brezolles en Thimerais who were distracted from the barony of Châteauneuf. In February 1500 King Charles IX was erected and the lordships of Brezolles Senonches, sold under the name in the principality of Mantua, in favor of Louis de Gonzague, father of Charles and were erected into a principality under the name of Mantua.
In 1591, the Comte de Soissons, plundered the castle along with those of Arpentigny and La Ferte-Vidame.
The castle was never rebuilt and returned to the royal domain Châteauneuf annexe and lords who resided Maillebois until about half of the eighteenth century. The stronghold was Thymerais meanwhile gradually dismantled so that by the late eighteenth century the barony of Chateauneuf-en-Thymerais was nowhere near the same extent in the thirteenth century.
In the late eighteenth century was a Châteauneuf dependence of the election of Verneuil-sur-Avre and generality of Alencon.
She was chief town of the district from 1790 to 1795. She took the name of Puy-la-Montagne to the revolutionary era.
The last traces of the castle moat, were gradually filled during the nineteenth century. The last traces of them were erased in the first half of the twentieth century to make way for new roads (including street of Pont Tabarin, street of Petite Friche and Street Dulorens).
In the twentieth century the city had to suffer bombardment during the year 1940. The war was over, Chateauneuf saw the arrival of families of U.S. soldiers housed in a subdivision south of the city and worked for many of them on the U.S. air base south of Crucey Brezolles. They left in 1966 when the subtraction of French forces in integrated military command of NATO decided by De Gaulle in fact expelling U.S. bases in the territory.