Chondrostoma
Encyclopedia
Chondrostoma is a genus
of ray-finned fish
in the family Cyprinidae. They are commonly known as nases, though this term is also used locally to denote particular species, most frequently the Common Nase (C. nasus).
The common name refers to the protruding upper jaw of these fishes; it is derived from the German term Nase, meaning "nose."
Several species have very restricted ranges. Some of these endemics are very rare nowadays, and at least one species
is globally extinct.
, meaning that the rasping feeding apparatus evolved nore than once
. It was proposed to split the genus in 6 in consequence: Achondrostoma
, Chondrostoma, Iberochondrostoma
, Pseudochondrostoma
, Protochondrostoma and Parachondrostoma
. But at least Achondrostoma and Iberochondrostoma may not be separable. After the split, there are 21 remaining species in this genus.
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of ray-finned fish
Actinopterygii
The Actinopterygii or ray-finned fishes constitute a class or sub-class of the bony fishes.The ray-finned fishes are so called because they possess lepidotrichia or "fin rays", their fins being webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines , as opposed to the fleshy, lobed fins that characterize...
in the family Cyprinidae. They are commonly known as nases, though this term is also used locally to denote particular species, most frequently the Common Nase (C. nasus).
The common name refers to the protruding upper jaw of these fishes; it is derived from the German term Nase, meaning "nose."
Several species have very restricted ranges. Some of these endemics are very rare nowadays, and at least one species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
is globally extinct.
Systematics
In 2007 it was determined that the presumed monophyletic group consisted of 6 at least partly independent lineages of LeuciscinaeLeuciscinae
Leuciscinae, commonly known as true minnows, are a subfamily of small fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae.However, the term minnow is also used as an unspecific term for tiny freshwater and saltwater fish, especially those used as fishing bait....
, meaning that the rasping feeding apparatus evolved nore than once
Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution describes the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages.The wing is a classic example of convergent evolution in action. Although their last common ancestor did not have wings, both birds and bats do, and are capable of powered flight. The wings are...
. It was proposed to split the genus in 6 in consequence: Achondrostoma
Achondrostoma
Achondrostoma is a genus of freshwater fish in family Cyprinidae.- Species :* Achondrostoma arcasii * Achondrostoma occidentale...
, Chondrostoma, Iberochondrostoma
Iberochondrostoma
Iberochondrostoma is a genus of cyprinid fish endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. It currently consists of four species.-Species:* Iberochondrostoma almacai Iberochondrostoma is a genus of cyprinid fish endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. It currently consists of four species.-Species:*...
, Pseudochondrostoma
Pseudochondrostoma
Pseudochondrostoma is a genus of cyprinid fish that occurs in the Iberian Peninsula. There are three species in this genus.-Species:* Pseudochondrostoma duriense...
, Protochondrostoma and Parachondrostoma
Parachondrostoma
Parachondrostoma is a genus of cyprinid fish found mostly in Spain with one species entering France. There are currently four species in this genus.-Species:* Parachondrostoma arrigonis...
. But at least Achondrostoma and Iberochondrostoma may not be separable. After the split, there are 21 remaining species in this genus.
Species
The following species are currently considered to be members of this genus:- Chondrostoma angorenseChondrostoma angorenseChondrostoma angorense is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Chondrostoma....
Elvira, 1987 - Chondrostoma beysehirenseChondrostoma beysehirenseChondrostoma beysehirense is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitats are rivers and freshwater lakes.-Source:* Crivelli, A.J. 2005. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
Bogutskaya, 1997 - Chondrostoma colchicum Derjugin, 1899 (Colchic Nase)
- Chondrostoma cyri KesslerKarl Fedorovich KesslerKarl Fedorovich Kessler was a German-Russian zoologist and author of zoological taxa signed Kessler, who was mostly active in Kiev, Ukraine and conducted most of his studies of birds in Ukrainian regions of the Russian Empire - Kiev Governorate, Volyn Governorate, Kherson Governorate, Poltava...
, 1877 (Kura Nase) - Chondrostoma fahirae (Ladiges, 1960)
- Chondrostoma holmwoodiiChondrostoma holmwoodiiChondrostoma holmwoodii is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitat is rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Crivelli, A.J. 2005. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
(BoulengerGeorge Albert BoulengerGeorge Albert Boulenger FRS was a Belgian-British zoologist who identified over 2000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles and amphibians.-Life:...
, 1896) - Chondrostoma kinzelbachiChondrostoma kinzelbachiChondrostoma kinzelbachi is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found in Syria and Turkey.Its natural habitats are rivers and intermittent rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
Krupp, 1985 - Chondrostoma knerii HeckelJohann Jakob HeckelJohann Jakob Heckel was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim.Though not a formally trained zoologist he worked his way up through the ranks to eventually become the director of the Fish Collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna...
, 1843 - Chondrostoma kubanicum L. S. Berg, 1914 (Kuban's Nase)
- Chondrostoma meandrenseChondrostoma meandrenseChondrostoma meandrense is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found only in Turkey.Its natural habitat is rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Crivelli, A.J. 2005. . Downloaded on 19 July 2007....
Elvira, 1987 - Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Common Nase, Sneep)
- Chondrostoma olisiponensisChondrostoma olisiponensisThe Lisbon’s arched-mouth nase is a freshwater fish recently discovered in the lower Rio Tejo basin, Portugal.- Identification :...
Gante, C. D. Santos & Alves, 2007 - Chondrostoma orientaleChondrostoma orientaleChondrostoma orientale is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Chondrostoma....
Bianco & Bănărescu, 1982 - Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum KesslerKarl Fedorovich KesslerKarl Fedorovich Kessler was a German-Russian zoologist and author of zoological taxa signed Kessler, who was mostly active in Kiev, Ukraine and conducted most of his studies of birds in Ukrainian regions of the Russian Empire - Kiev Governorate, Volyn Governorate, Kherson Governorate, Poltava...
, 1877 (Terek Nase) - Chondrostoma phoxinus HeckelJohann Jakob HeckelJohann Jakob Heckel was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim.Though not a formally trained zoologist he worked his way up through the ranks to eventually become the director of the Fish Collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna...
, 1843 (Minnow-Nase) - Chondrostoma prespenseChondrostoma prespenseChondrostoma prespense is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found in Albania, Greece, and the Republic of Macedonia.Its natural habitats are rivers and freshwater lakes.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
S. L. KaramanStanko KaramanStanko Karaman was a researcher on amphipods and isopods. Several species are named after him, for example Delamarella karamani Petkovski, 1957 , Stygophalangium karamani Oudemans, 1933 , or Macedonethes stankoi Karaman, 2003 .In 1926 he founded the Macedonian Museum of Natural...
, 1924 - Chondrostoma regiumChondrostoma regiumChondrostoma regium is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Chondrostoma....
(HeckelJohann Jakob HeckelJohann Jakob Heckel was an Austrian taxidermist, zoologist, and ichthyologist from Mannheim.Though not a formally trained zoologist he worked his way up through the ranks to eventually become the director of the Fish Collection at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna...
, 1843) - †Chondrostoma scodrenseChondrostoma scodrenseChondrostoma scodrense was a ray-finned fish that is classified as extinct by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.Its habitat in the late 19th century included Lake Scutari and its surroundings in Albania and Montenegro. Although its unique characteristics were identified around 100 years...
Elvira, 1987 - Chondrostoma soetta BonaparteCharles Lucien BonaparteCharles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano was a French naturalist and ornithologist.-Biography:...
, 1840 - Chondrostoma vardarenseChondrostoma vardarenseChondrostoma vardarense is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found in Bulgaria, Greece, the Republic of Macedonia, and Turkey.Its natural habitat is rivers.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
S. L. KaramanStanko KaramanStanko Karaman was a researcher on amphipods and isopods. Several species are named after him, for example Delamarella karamani Petkovski, 1957 , Stygophalangium karamani Oudemans, 1933 , or Macedonethes stankoi Karaman, 2003 .In 1926 he founded the Macedonian Museum of Natural...
, 1928 - Chondrostoma variabile Yakovlev, 1870 (Volga Undermouth)