Charles Alberton Janeway
Encyclopedia
Dr.
Charles Alderson Janeway (born 1909 in New York City; died 1981 in Weston, Massachusetts
) was an eminent American pediatrician, medical professor
, and clinical researcher
.
Janeway was physician in chief from 1946 to 1976 at Children's Hospital Boston
. He also was Thomas Morgan Rotch Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School
. As a clinical researcher, he discovered the first immunodeficiency
disease.
According to a 2007 biography by physicians Robert J. Haggerty and Frederick H. Lovejoy, Jr.:
In 1964, Janeway worked with the provincial government in St John's, Newfoundland
, Canada to establish a children's hospital. In recognition of his efforts and dedication, the hospital was named the Dr. Charles Alderson Janeway Child Health Centre
. Its first location was in the former base hospital on Pepperrell Air Force Base which had closed several years earlier.
Janeway came from a family of prominent physicians. His father, Theodore Caldwell Janeway
, was the first full-time professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the identifier of Janeway lesions. He also discovered a means to measure blood pressure. His grandfather, Edward Gamaliel Janeway, was the New York City Health Commissioner and dean of the combined New York University/Bellevue Hospital medical colleges.
Janeway graduated from Milton Academy
in Milton, Massachusetts
. He graduated from Yale University
in 1930, where he was a member of Skull and Bones
. He also graduated from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He married Elizabeth Bradley, a social worker, in 1932. They had four children: Anne, Elizabeth, Charles, and Barbara.
His medical legacy continued to subsequent generations. His son, Charles Janeway
(1943–2003), was a noted Yale University
medical professor and immunologist who made significant contributions to the field of innate immune response. His daughter Barbara is a nurse-practitioner in New Hampshire. Two granddaughters, Elizabeth Gold of Toronto and Katherine A. Janeway of Boston, are also pediatricians, representing the sixth generation of Janeway doctors.
Charles A. Janeway died at his home in Weston, Massachusetts, in 1981.
Doctor (title)
Doctor, as a title, originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning. The word is originally an agentive noun of the Latin verb docēre . It has been used as an honored academic title for over a millennium in Europe, where it dates back to the rise of the university. This use spread...
Charles Alderson Janeway (born 1909 in New York City; died 1981 in Weston, Massachusetts
Weston, Massachusetts
Weston is a suburb of Boston located in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States in the Boston metro area. The population of Weston, according to the 2010 U.S. Census, is 11,261....
) was an eminent American pediatrician, medical professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
, and clinical researcher
Researcher
A researcher is somebody who performs research, the search for knowledge or in general any systematic investigation to establish facts. Researchers can work in academic, industrial, government, or private institutions.-Examples of research institutions:...
.
Janeway was physician in chief from 1946 to 1976 at Children's Hospital Boston
Children's Hospital Boston
Children's Hospital Boston is a 396-licensed bed children's hospital in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area of Boston, Massachusetts.At 300 Longwood Avenue, Children's is adjacent both to its teaching affiliate, Harvard Medical School, and to Dana-Farber Cancer Institute...
. He also was Thomas Morgan Rotch Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School is the graduate medical school of Harvard University. It is located in the Longwood Medical Area of the Mission Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts....
. As a clinical researcher, he discovered the first immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or entirely absent. Immunodeficiency may also decrease cancer immunosurveillance. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired but some people are born with defects in their immune system,...
disease.
According to a 2007 biography by physicians Robert J. Haggerty and Frederick H. Lovejoy, Jr.:
"Janeway built the first department of pediatrics in the nation with subspecialties based upon the new developments in basic sciences. Janeway and his colleagues defined the gamma globulinGamma globulinGamma globulins are a class of globulins, identified by their position after serum protein electrophoresis. The most significant gamma globulins are immunoglobulins , more commonly known as antibodies, although some Igs are not gamma globulins, and some gamma globulins are not Igs.-Use as medical...
disorders that resulted in children's increased susceptibility to infections and associated arthritic disorders. Janeway was the most visible U.S. pediatrician on the world scene in the last half of the 20th century. He traveled widely, taught modern pediatrics to thousands of physicians throughout the developing world, and brought many of them to the U.S. for further training. He was instrumental in starting teaching hospitals in Shiraz, IranShiraz, IranShiraz is the sixth most populous city in Iran and is the capital of Fars Province, the city's 2009 population was 1,455,073. Shiraz is located in the southwest of Iran on the Roodkhaneye Khoshk seasonal river...
, and CameroonCameroonCameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the...
."
In 1964, Janeway worked with the provincial government in St John's, Newfoundland
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
St. John's is the capital and largest city in Newfoundland and Labrador, and is the oldest English-founded city in North America. It is located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. With a population of 192,326 as of July 1, 2010, the St...
, Canada to establish a children's hospital. In recognition of his efforts and dedication, the hospital was named the Dr. Charles Alderson Janeway Child Health Centre
Janeway Children's Health and Rehabilitation Centre
The Janeway Children's Health and Rehabilitation Centre is a children's hospital located in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.-Overview:The Janeway is the only children's hospital in the province and functions, in partnership with St...
. Its first location was in the former base hospital on Pepperrell Air Force Base which had closed several years earlier.
Janeway came from a family of prominent physicians. His father, Theodore Caldwell Janeway
Theodore Caldwell Janeway
Theodore Caldwell Janeway was the first full-time professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, recruited in 1914.-Early on:...
, was the first full-time professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the identifier of Janeway lesions. He also discovered a means to measure blood pressure. His grandfather, Edward Gamaliel Janeway, was the New York City Health Commissioner and dean of the combined New York University/Bellevue Hospital medical colleges.
Janeway graduated from Milton Academy
Milton Academy
Milton Academy is a coeducational, independent preparatory, boarding and day school in Milton, Massachusetts consisting of a grade 9–12 Upper School and a grade K–8 Lower School. Boarding is offered starting in 9th grade...
in Milton, Massachusetts
Milton, Massachusetts
Milton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States and part of the Greater Boston area. The population was 27,003 at the 2010 census. Milton is the birthplace of former U.S. President George H. W. Bush and architect Buckminster Fuller. Milton also has the highest percentage of...
. He graduated from Yale University
Yale University
Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...
in 1930, where he was a member of Skull and Bones
Skull and Bones
Skull and Bones is an undergraduate senior or secret society at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. It is a traditional peer society to Scroll and Key and Wolf's Head, as the three senior class 'landed societies' at Yale....
. He also graduated from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He married Elizabeth Bradley, a social worker, in 1932. They had four children: Anne, Elizabeth, Charles, and Barbara.
His medical legacy continued to subsequent generations. His son, Charles Janeway
Charles Janeway
Charles Alderson Janeway, Jr. was a noted immunologist. A member of the National Academy of Sciences, he held a faculty position at Yale University's Medical School and was an HHMI Investigator....
(1943–2003), was a noted Yale University
Yale University
Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...
medical professor and immunologist who made significant contributions to the field of innate immune response. His daughter Barbara is a nurse-practitioner in New Hampshire. Two granddaughters, Elizabeth Gold of Toronto and Katherine A. Janeway of Boston, are also pediatricians, representing the sixth generation of Janeway doctors.
Charles A. Janeway died at his home in Weston, Massachusetts, in 1981.