Cass Community Social Services
Encyclopedia
Cass Community Social Services, Inc. (CCSS or Cass) is a nonprofit, 501(c)(3) community-based organization headquartered in Detroit, MI serving Southeastern Michigan, Wayne County, under the direction of a volunteer Board of Directors. The Cass Community Social Services Mission Statement: Cass Community Social Services has also occasionally engaged In acts of political activism
, usually In protest of city and state budget cuts.
On May 1, 1881, David Preston purchased two lots on the corner of Cass and Selden for $7,240, and the Cass Avenue Methodist Episcopal congregation was organized at the Conference of 1883. The church edifice (originally the area now occupied by the offices, kitchen and gym) was erected shortly after the conference. The congregation used the Mason and Rice architectural firm, the same company that designed the Grand Hotel
on Mackinac Island
in 1887, the First Presbyterian Church
in 1889, Trinity Episcopal Church in 1892 and the Scripps Mansion in 1891.
The church sanctuary was added 10 years later in 1891. This time Malcomson and Higghinbotham, an experienced Detroit firm that also designed Central High School - now Wayne State University
's Old Main, was the architectural firm. Bishop Newman laid the church cornerstone in September of 1891. The cost of the structure was approximately $50,000.
In the early years, the Cass membership and constituency were composed almost wholly of well-to-do people. You need only take in the Tiffany
windows or the Johnson tracker pipe organ in the sanctuary as evidence of this (the organ is the largest nineteenth century pipe organ in the state of Michigan). Cass boasted many of the city's oldest families and it was one of the most aristocratic churches in Detroit. Moreover, the membership swelled to over 700 members in the first 25 years.
During the decade 1918-1929, the church membership shrank from 767 to 275. The growth of the city altered the nature of the Cass farm area and, thus, of the Cass Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church. Most of the members of the church moved from the immediate neighborhood northward to the city's limits and beyond. From a district of choice homes, it became an area with rooming houses and boarding houses with businesses constantly encroaching. The leadership of the church struggled at that time with the option of selling the land and property to build another church closer to where its membership then resided.
Under the leadership of Bishop Thomas Nicholson, the congregation decided in 1928 to remain in the area and to intentionally minister to and with the changed constituency. The name was actually changed to Cass Community Methodist Episcopal Church at that time to reflect its new sense of mission.
It was in the thirties, during the Great Depression
, that the church started its first food lines, offering bread and soup to those who were hungry. Cass depleted its endowment fund to make provisions for the unemployed. Rev. William Perkins organized volunteers to go out into rural areas and bring back truckloads of food for distribution. He also deserves the credit for establishing a wide array of programs for the area youth and seniors. While Perkins was appointed to Cass in the 1940's, the Golden Glove
boxing tournaments were held in the gym. At the same time, the church was struggling financially and the physical structure was so bad that in 1941 it was condemned for a short period and the congregation was temporarily re-located to the Jefferson School (now the Edison School at Selden and the Lodge freeway).
when the church opened up a soup kitchen
. In the 1950s, Reverend Lewis Redmond expanded the church's social services, creating an evening program, a free bible class ("Praise Class") and a senior's program ("Project Scout").
Rev. Lewis Redmond (who pastured Cass from 1953 until 1979) had the vision of reaching out to people with developmental disabilities. He recognized that many individuals were living in groups homes in the area and that they were desperate for life-skills and recreational activities after years of institutionalization. The church began an evening program that met many of their social needs, as well as a Sunday morning Bible study (the "Praise Class") that addressed some of their spiritual needs. Members of the Praise Class continue to serve as ushers and acolytes for the church today.
A second significant program was implemented during the Redmond years: Project Scout, a casework program for homebound seniors. The corridor (the area bounded by freeways and Woodward Avenue) was and continues to be home to a high percentage of senior citizens. Many of the seniors are separated from their families and live in small apartments or single rooms. Their age and economic status leaves them victim to charlatans who charge them excessively for services. Beyond this, they are particularly vulnerable to poor health, bad weather, crime and loneliness. Project Scout helps the elderly to remain independent while providing them with supports and resources.
Another senior program begun under Rev. Redmond's leadership was the Senior Center. In fact, his son, Robert Rene Redmond was director of the Senior Center when, on May 6, 1976, he was shot to death by a 17-year old in an apartment building on Third. The Memorial Room at the church is in Robert's memory, as is the Robert Redmond Park at Selden and Third. Robert was in his early twenties at the time of this death.
Significant accomplishments for Redmond beyond the church include leading the campaign to save Burton Elementary School for students from variety of colors, classes, and countries. The elementary school is now widely recognized for its standards and its students. The second feat that we should attribute to Rev. Redmond and the congregation during his pastorate was the establishment of the 4 C's (the Concerned Citizens of the Cass Corridor). This group organized local residents to address issues of housing, education and crime.
It was during Rev. Edwin Rowe's tenure (1979-1994) at Cass that the church began addressing the needs of the homeless. The Homeless Drop-In Center and the Interfaith Rotating Shelter were both started in 1988. The Drop-In Center was established as a demonstration project. It was a client-driven program, providing the homeless with a safe place to avoid the elements and to look for jobs, housing, take a shower, do laundry, use the restroom and telephone. It has been important for those in the shelters (because they are not permitted to stay in the shelters during the day) and for those unable to get into shelters. The Interfaith Rotating Shelter was a response to the second group of homeless. The limited number of shelter beds in Detroit were insufficient to handle the growing number of homeless people and, so, 40 some churches were recruited to provide a week's accommodation for up to 80 individuals.
In 1988 the group also started a homeless shelter and "drop in center" for the homeless as well. In 1991 a tent city
was created in a nearby vacant lot to oppose the governor's cuts in social services. Rev. Rowe and Cass Church received notoriety throughout Michigan when they protested Governor John Engler's proposed budget reductions for General Assistance. They used the lawn of the Marie, the vacant apartment building next to the church building, to put up a "tent city". Hundreds or people gathered at the site - homeless, members of the Union for the Homeless, members of Welfare Rights, Cass church members and supporters from the larger denomination and other churches. They kept a vigil, day and night, for a month as a prophetic reminder that the slated cuts would dramatically increase the number of homeless people in the state. Rowe's involvement in the protests was one of the reasons the Detroit News named him a 1991 Michiganian of the Year.
Cass' most recent history, under the leadership of Rev. Faith Fowler , has involved several acquisitions of property and program expansion. The Activity Center (3745 Cass) was purchased in 1995 (originally this building was a factory and later, it was a "Blood Bank"). In June of 1996, Cass Community was given the East Side Ministries property (1510 Hurlbut, Detroit 48214), where it has built on the foundations of Richard Kwiatkowski, who spent 26 years ministering to persons with mental illness on Detroit's east side. In 2000, Cass closed on the Scott building (11850 Woodrow Wilson), which houses the agency's administrative offices and several of our programs for homeless people -- the Homeless Drop-in Center, a Transitional Housing Program, Safe Haven, the Detroit-Wayne County Rotating Shelter and Detroit's Warming Center for Women and Children, as well as a large commercial kitchen.
The social services of Cass started as part of Cass Community United Methodist Church during the Great Depression. In 2002, they became independent when the Scott building opened and a separate nonprofit/Board of Directors was formed. The mission statement directs the activities of the organization: "Cass is dedicated to making a profound difference in the diverse populations it serves by providing for basic needs, including affordable housing, promoting self reliance and encouraging community inclusion and improvement."
Cass has added health services, Mom's Place I and II, Oasis Detroit, Target Homes, and the Warehouse, since opening Scott. The most recent program expansions have been - opening The Cass House (a residential program for homeless men with HIV/AIDS) and a Factory (doubling the organization's vocational training and employment opportunities while engaging the nonprofit in helping to clean the City and recycling).
Cass has 100 employees, utilizes 5,000 volunteers annually and has an operating budget of 6 million dollars. Cass Community became accredited in 1998 and again in 2001, 2004 and 2007 by the Commission of Accreditation for Rehabilitation Facilities (now known simply as CARF). The 2007 accreditation was without a single recommendation (only three percent of the accredited organizations receive this distinction).
, much of the rest comes from donations.
On January 20, 2010 USA Today
reported on Cass' Green Gym, the nation's first green gym for homeless men, women and children. The gym was constructed through equipment and monetary donations.
Activism
Activism consists of intentional efforts to bring about social, political, economic, or environmental change. Activism can take a wide range of forms from writing letters to newspapers or politicians, political campaigning, economic activism such as boycotts or preferentially patronizing...
, usually In protest of city and state budget cuts.
History of Cass Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church
In the 1880's the Cass farm, lying between Cass Avenue and Third Avenue and extending northward to the Boulevard, was the very choicest residential section in Detroit, barring the stately homes along Woodward Avenue. A group of Methodists living on the Cass farm, belonging mostly to Central and Simpson Methodist churches, were moved to start a church of their own.On May 1, 1881, David Preston purchased two lots on the corner of Cass and Selden for $7,240, and the Cass Avenue Methodist Episcopal congregation was organized at the Conference of 1883. The church edifice (originally the area now occupied by the offices, kitchen and gym) was erected shortly after the conference. The congregation used the Mason and Rice architectural firm, the same company that designed the Grand Hotel
Grand Hotel (Mackinac Island)
The Grand Hotel is a historic hotel and coastal resort located on Mackinac Island, Michigan, a small island located at the eastern end of the Straits of Mackinac within Lake Huron between the state's Upper and Lower Peninsulas. Constructed in the late 19th century, the facility advertises itself as...
on Mackinac Island
Mackinac Island
Mackinac Island is an island and resort area covering in land area, part of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is located in Lake Huron, at the eastern end of the Straits of Mackinac, between the state's Upper and Lower Peninsulas. The island was home to a Native American settlement before European...
in 1887, the First Presbyterian Church
First Presbyterian Church
First Presbyterian Church may refer to:-Alabama:...
in 1889, Trinity Episcopal Church in 1892 and the Scripps Mansion in 1891.
The church sanctuary was added 10 years later in 1891. This time Malcomson and Higghinbotham, an experienced Detroit firm that also designed Central High School - now Wayne State University
Wayne State University
Wayne State University is a public research university located in Detroit, Michigan, United States, in the city's Midtown Cultural Center Historic District. Founded in 1868, WSU consists of 13 schools and colleges offering more than 400 major subject areas to over 32,000 graduate and...
's Old Main, was the architectural firm. Bishop Newman laid the church cornerstone in September of 1891. The cost of the structure was approximately $50,000.
In the early years, the Cass membership and constituency were composed almost wholly of well-to-do people. You need only take in the Tiffany
Tiffany
-People:* Tiffany * Tiffany * Tiffany , an American pop artist* Tiffany , a K-pop artist* Charles Comfort Tiffany, American Episcopal clergyman* Charles Lewis Tiffany, a founder of Tiffany & Co....
windows or the Johnson tracker pipe organ in the sanctuary as evidence of this (the organ is the largest nineteenth century pipe organ in the state of Michigan). Cass boasted many of the city's oldest families and it was one of the most aristocratic churches in Detroit. Moreover, the membership swelled to over 700 members in the first 25 years.
During the decade 1918-1929, the church membership shrank from 767 to 275. The growth of the city altered the nature of the Cass farm area and, thus, of the Cass Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church. Most of the members of the church moved from the immediate neighborhood northward to the city's limits and beyond. From a district of choice homes, it became an area with rooming houses and boarding houses with businesses constantly encroaching. The leadership of the church struggled at that time with the option of selling the land and property to build another church closer to where its membership then resided.
Under the leadership of Bishop Thomas Nicholson, the congregation decided in 1928 to remain in the area and to intentionally minister to and with the changed constituency. The name was actually changed to Cass Community Methodist Episcopal Church at that time to reflect its new sense of mission.
It was in the thirties, during the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...
, that the church started its first food lines, offering bread and soup to those who were hungry. Cass depleted its endowment fund to make provisions for the unemployed. Rev. William Perkins organized volunteers to go out into rural areas and bring back truckloads of food for distribution. He also deserves the credit for establishing a wide array of programs for the area youth and seniors. While Perkins was appointed to Cass in the 1940's, the Golden Glove
Golden Glove
Golden Glove may refer to:*Golden Gloves, an amateur boxing competition*Rawlings Gold Glove Award, given to Major League Baseball players for outstanding defensive performance*Barclays Golden Glove, an award for goalkeepers in the Premier League...
boxing tournaments were held in the gym. At the same time, the church was struggling financially and the physical structure was so bad that in 1941 it was condemned for a short period and the congregation was temporarily re-located to the Jefferson School (now the Edison School at Selden and the Lodge freeway).
History of Cass Community Social Services
Cass Community Social Services originally began when during the Great DepressionGreat Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...
when the church opened up a soup kitchen
Soup kitchen
A soup kitchen, a bread line, or a meal center is a place where food is offered to the hungry for free or at a reasonably low price. Frequently located in lower-income neighborhoods, they are often staffed by volunteer organizations, such as church groups or community groups...
. In the 1950s, Reverend Lewis Redmond expanded the church's social services, creating an evening program, a free bible class ("Praise Class") and a senior's program ("Project Scout").
Rev. Lewis Redmond (who pastured Cass from 1953 until 1979) had the vision of reaching out to people with developmental disabilities. He recognized that many individuals were living in groups homes in the area and that they were desperate for life-skills and recreational activities after years of institutionalization. The church began an evening program that met many of their social needs, as well as a Sunday morning Bible study (the "Praise Class") that addressed some of their spiritual needs. Members of the Praise Class continue to serve as ushers and acolytes for the church today.
A second significant program was implemented during the Redmond years: Project Scout, a casework program for homebound seniors. The corridor (the area bounded by freeways and Woodward Avenue) was and continues to be home to a high percentage of senior citizens. Many of the seniors are separated from their families and live in small apartments or single rooms. Their age and economic status leaves them victim to charlatans who charge them excessively for services. Beyond this, they are particularly vulnerable to poor health, bad weather, crime and loneliness. Project Scout helps the elderly to remain independent while providing them with supports and resources.
Another senior program begun under Rev. Redmond's leadership was the Senior Center. In fact, his son, Robert Rene Redmond was director of the Senior Center when, on May 6, 1976, he was shot to death by a 17-year old in an apartment building on Third. The Memorial Room at the church is in Robert's memory, as is the Robert Redmond Park at Selden and Third. Robert was in his early twenties at the time of this death.
Significant accomplishments for Redmond beyond the church include leading the campaign to save Burton Elementary School for students from variety of colors, classes, and countries. The elementary school is now widely recognized for its standards and its students. The second feat that we should attribute to Rev. Redmond and the congregation during his pastorate was the establishment of the 4 C's (the Concerned Citizens of the Cass Corridor). This group organized local residents to address issues of housing, education and crime.
It was during Rev. Edwin Rowe's tenure (1979-1994) at Cass that the church began addressing the needs of the homeless. The Homeless Drop-In Center and the Interfaith Rotating Shelter were both started in 1988. The Drop-In Center was established as a demonstration project. It was a client-driven program, providing the homeless with a safe place to avoid the elements and to look for jobs, housing, take a shower, do laundry, use the restroom and telephone. It has been important for those in the shelters (because they are not permitted to stay in the shelters during the day) and for those unable to get into shelters. The Interfaith Rotating Shelter was a response to the second group of homeless. The limited number of shelter beds in Detroit were insufficient to handle the growing number of homeless people and, so, 40 some churches were recruited to provide a week's accommodation for up to 80 individuals.
In 1988 the group also started a homeless shelter and "drop in center" for the homeless as well. In 1991 a tent city
Tent City
A tent city is a temporary housing facility made using tents. Informal tent cities may be set up without authorization by homeless people or protesters. As well, state governments or military organizations set up tent cities to house refugees, evacuees, or soldiers...
was created in a nearby vacant lot to oppose the governor's cuts in social services. Rev. Rowe and Cass Church received notoriety throughout Michigan when they protested Governor John Engler's proposed budget reductions for General Assistance. They used the lawn of the Marie, the vacant apartment building next to the church building, to put up a "tent city". Hundreds or people gathered at the site - homeless, members of the Union for the Homeless, members of Welfare Rights, Cass church members and supporters from the larger denomination and other churches. They kept a vigil, day and night, for a month as a prophetic reminder that the slated cuts would dramatically increase the number of homeless people in the state. Rowe's involvement in the protests was one of the reasons the Detroit News named him a 1991 Michiganian of the Year.
Cass' most recent history, under the leadership of Rev. Faith Fowler , has involved several acquisitions of property and program expansion. The Activity Center (3745 Cass) was purchased in 1995 (originally this building was a factory and later, it was a "Blood Bank"). In June of 1996, Cass Community was given the East Side Ministries property (1510 Hurlbut, Detroit 48214), where it has built on the foundations of Richard Kwiatkowski, who spent 26 years ministering to persons with mental illness on Detroit's east side. In 2000, Cass closed on the Scott building (11850 Woodrow Wilson), which houses the agency's administrative offices and several of our programs for homeless people -- the Homeless Drop-in Center, a Transitional Housing Program, Safe Haven, the Detroit-Wayne County Rotating Shelter and Detroit's Warming Center for Women and Children, as well as a large commercial kitchen.
The social services of Cass started as part of Cass Community United Methodist Church during the Great Depression. In 2002, they became independent when the Scott building opened and a separate nonprofit/Board of Directors was formed. The mission statement directs the activities of the organization: "Cass is dedicated to making a profound difference in the diverse populations it serves by providing for basic needs, including affordable housing, promoting self reliance and encouraging community inclusion and improvement."
Cass has added health services, Mom's Place I and II, Oasis Detroit, Target Homes, and the Warehouse, since opening Scott. The most recent program expansions have been - opening The Cass House (a residential program for homeless men with HIV/AIDS) and a Factory (doubling the organization's vocational training and employment opportunities while engaging the nonprofit in helping to clean the City and recycling).
Cass has 100 employees, utilizes 5,000 volunteers annually and has an operating budget of 6 million dollars. Cass Community became accredited in 1998 and again in 2001, 2004 and 2007 by the Commission of Accreditation for Rehabilitation Facilities (now known simply as CARF). The 2007 accreditation was without a single recommendation (only three percent of the accredited organizations receive this distinction).
Funding
Cass Community Social Services uses 6 million dollars a year for its programs, of that, 5% comes from the Ford Motor CompanyFord Motor Company
Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. The automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. In addition to the Ford and Lincoln brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Aston Martin in the UK...
, much of the rest comes from donations.
On January 20, 2010 USA Today
USA Today
USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. It was founded by Al Neuharth. The newspaper vies with The Wall Street Journal for the position of having the widest circulation of any newspaper in the United States, something it previously held since 2003...
reported on Cass' Green Gym, the nation's first green gym for homeless men, women and children. The gym was constructed through equipment and monetary donations.