Cable & Satellite Broadcasting Association of Asia
Encyclopedia
CASBAA is the association for digital multichannel television, content, platforms, advertising and video delivery across Asia.
on 1 May 1991. Founding companies included STAR TV
, HBO Asia
, Discovery Channel Southeast Asia
, Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
, CNN International Asia Pacific
and ESPN Asia
.
Background
On 1 April 1990, a Chinese Long March 3
rocket
launched the Hughes HS346 refurbished Westar VI satellite
as AsiaSat
-1 from Shanghai
in People's Republic of China
. China International Trust and Investment Corp, Cable & Wireless of United Kingdom
and Hong Kong
-based Hutchison Whampoa
, jointly owned Asia Satellite Telecommunications Ltd (AsiaSat
), making it Asia
's first privately owned satellite company. By distributing signals via C-band TVRO dishes across 53 countries regional broadcasting in Asia
became possible.
On 1 December 1990, the Hong Kong government granted a license to HutchVision, Hutchison Whampoa
's satellite
broadcasting arm, to uplink fivew channels to AsiaSat-1 from Hong Kong
. In a reported US$300 million venture, Satellite Television Asia Region, (STAR TV
) was began transmissions on 21 August 1991. In 21 October 1993, News Corporation
. bought a 63.6% stake in STAR TV
for a reported US$525 million, forming a partnership with business tycoon Li Ka-shing, whose family controlled the original company. On 21 October 1994, News Corporation
. paid an additional US$346 million for the remaining 36.4% of STAR TV
.
At this time STAR TV
transmitted five 24-hour channels including :
Meanwhile, other multinational broadcasters were entering the Southeast Asia
market including HBO Asia
, Discovery Channel Southeast Asia
, Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
, CNN International Asia Pacific
and ESPN Asia
. These companies, along with AsiaSat
, were among the founders of the Cable & Satellite Broadcasting Association of Asia (CASBAA).
Both Chairman and Directors are elected from within the Council of Governors. On the operational side CASBAA is managed by the Chief Executive (CEO) who is responsible for the Association's membership and committee activities and for the organisation of industry events such as the annual CASBAA Convention.
The following CASBAA committees play a key role in establishing the priorities and initiatives of the Association:
, Al Jazeera
, APT Satellite, Arianespace
, Asia Broadcast Satellite, Asian Broadcasting Network, AsiaSat
, ASTRO
, Australia Network
, BBC Worldwide Channels Asia
, Bloomberg Television
, Discovery Networks Asia-Pacific, Disney Media Distribution
, Encompass Digital Media, Fox International Channels
, HBO Asia
, Intelsat
, Irdeto
, ITV
Global Entertainment, Macquarie
, MCOT
, NBC Universal Global Networks
, NDS
, Now TV
, PwC
, SES World Skies, SingTel, Sony Pictures Television
, Star TV India
, Tiger Gate Entertainment
, TRACE TV
, TransAsia Lawyers, TrueVisions
, Turner Broadcasting System Asia Pacific
, Verimatrix and Viacom
.
Mission
The CASBAA mission is to promote the growth of mulitchannel TV and video content across Asia through industry information, networking exchanges and events while promoting global best practices.History
CASBAA was established in Hong KongHong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
on 1 May 1991. Founding companies included STAR TV
STAR TV (Asia)
Satellite Television Asian Region is an Asian TV service owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation.In 2009, News Corporation restructured STAR Asia into four units – STAR India, STAR Greater China, STAR Select and Fox International Channels....
, HBO Asia
HBO Asia
HBO Asia is a franchise of HBO in Asia. HBO Asia is now a joint venture of media giants Viacom and Time Warner . Sony Pictures Entertainment and Universal Studios exited the fifteen year-old HBO Asia premium movie joint venture on January 16, 2008....
, Discovery Channel Southeast Asia
Discovery Channel (South East Asian TV channel)
Discovery Channel is an Asian satellite and cable TV channel which provides documentary programming. Its documentaries focused mainly on popular science, technology, history and culture similar to that of the National Geographic Channel and History.It is owned and operated by Discovery Networks...
, Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
Cartoon Network (Southeast Asia)
Cartoon Network is a cable and satellite television channel created by Turner Broadcasting, a unit of Time Warner which primarily shows animated programming.Programming is broadcast in dual-language audio in English language, Chinese language, Thai language, and Malay language with Vietnamese...
, CNN International Asia Pacific
CNN International Asia Pacific
CNN International Asia Pacific is the Asia-Pacific edition of the CNN International pay-TV cable network. The feed originates from Hong Kong.CNN International began transmissions in August 1989....
and ESPN Asia
ESPN Asia
ESPN Asia is an Asian cable sports network owned by STAR TV in partnership with ESPN. It is the official Asian station of the Barclays Premier League...
.
Background
On 1 April 1990, a Chinese Long March 3
Long March 3
The Long March 3 , also known as the Chang Zheng 3, CZ-3 and LM-3, was a Chinese orbital carrier rocket. It was launched from Launch Complex 1 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre. It was a 3-stage rocket, and was mostly used to place DFH-2-class communications satellites into geosynchronous...
rocket
Rocket
A rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engine. In all rockets, the exhaust is formed entirely from propellants carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction...
launched the Hughes HS346 refurbished Westar VI satellite
Satellite
In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon....
as AsiaSat
AsiaSat
Asia Satellite Telecommunications Co. Ltd. is a commercial operator of communication spacecraft. AsiaSat is based in Hong Kong with two major shareholders, CITIC and General Electric.-Satellites:...
-1 from Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
in People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. China International Trust and Investment Corp, Cable & Wireless of United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
-based Hutchison Whampoa
Hutchison Whampoa
Hutchison Whampoa Limited or HWL of Hong Kong is a Fortune 500 company and one of the largest companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. HWL is an international corporation with a diverse array of holdings which includes the world's biggest port and telecommunication operations in 14...
, jointly owned Asia Satellite Telecommunications Ltd (AsiaSat
AsiaSat
Asia Satellite Telecommunications Co. Ltd. is a commercial operator of communication spacecraft. AsiaSat is based in Hong Kong with two major shareholders, CITIC and General Electric.-Satellites:...
), making it Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
's first privately owned satellite company. By distributing signals via C-band TVRO dishes across 53 countries regional broadcasting in Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
became possible.
On 1 December 1990, the Hong Kong government granted a license to HutchVision, Hutchison Whampoa
Hutchison Whampoa
Hutchison Whampoa Limited or HWL of Hong Kong is a Fortune 500 company and one of the largest companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. HWL is an international corporation with a diverse array of holdings which includes the world's biggest port and telecommunication operations in 14...
's satellite
Satellite
In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon....
broadcasting arm, to uplink fivew channels to AsiaSat-1 from Hong Kong
Hong Kong
Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
. In a reported US$300 million venture, Satellite Television Asia Region, (STAR TV
STAR TV (Asia)
Satellite Television Asian Region is an Asian TV service owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation.In 2009, News Corporation restructured STAR Asia into four units – STAR India, STAR Greater China, STAR Select and Fox International Channels....
) was began transmissions on 21 August 1991. In 21 October 1993, News Corporation
News Corporation
News Corporation or News Corp. is an American multinational media conglomerate. It is the world's second-largest media conglomerate as of 2011 in terms of revenue, and the world's third largest in entertainment as of 2009, although the BBC remains the world's largest broadcaster...
. bought a 63.6% stake in STAR TV
STAR TV (Asia)
Satellite Television Asian Region is an Asian TV service owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation.In 2009, News Corporation restructured STAR Asia into four units – STAR India, STAR Greater China, STAR Select and Fox International Channels....
for a reported US$525 million, forming a partnership with business tycoon Li Ka-shing, whose family controlled the original company. On 21 October 1994, News Corporation
News Corporation
News Corporation or News Corp. is an American multinational media conglomerate. It is the world's second-largest media conglomerate as of 2011 in terms of revenue, and the world's third largest in entertainment as of 2009, although the BBC remains the world's largest broadcaster...
. paid an additional US$346 million for the remaining 36.4% of STAR TV
STAR TV (Asia)
Satellite Television Asian Region is an Asian TV service owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation.In 2009, News Corporation restructured STAR Asia into four units – STAR India, STAR Greater China, STAR Select and Fox International Channels....
.
At this time STAR TV
STAR TV (Asia)
Satellite Television Asian Region is an Asian TV service owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation.In 2009, News Corporation restructured STAR Asia into four units – STAR India, STAR Greater China, STAR Select and Fox International Channels....
transmitted five 24-hour channels including :
- MTV Southeast AsiaMTV Southeast AsiaMTV Southeast Asia is a 24-hour music/entertainment television network, owned by MTV Networks Asia Pacific, a division of Viacom. The channel is shown in the Southeast Asia region including Singapore , Malaysia , Hong Kong , Indonesia , Thailand , Vietnam , Philippines MTV Southeast Asia is a...
(a joint venture with the New York CityNew York CityNew York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
-based MTV Networks Asia PacificMTV Networks Asia PacificMTV Networks Asia Pacific comprises three distinctly branded television channels, MTV, Nickelodeon and VH1 in the Asia Pacific region reaching more than 300 million households. Since its inception in 1 January 1994, MTV Networks Asia Pacific has been providing localized channels for young audiences...
) an EnglishHong Kong EnglishHong Kong English may refer to two different yet interrelated concepts. The first concept refers to the variation or dialect of the English language used in Hong Kong. The second concept refers to the accent and elements as a result of its use by Cantonese speakers.For the first meaning, Hong Kong...
and MandarinStandard ChineseStandard Chinese, or Modern Standard Chinese, also known as Mandarin or Putonghua, is the official language of the People's Republic of China and Republic of China , and is one of the four official languages of Singapore....
-language music channel - BBC World Service TelevisionBBC World Service TelevisionBBC World Service Television, often abbreviated to WSTV, was the name given to two of the BBC's international satellite television channels between 1991 and 1995. It was the BBC's first foray into worldwide television broadcasting...
(WSTV) (a joint venture with the LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
-based BBC World News) an EnglishHong Kong EnglishHong Kong English may refer to two different yet interrelated concepts. The first concept refers to the variation or dialect of the English language used in Hong Kong. The second concept refers to the accent and elements as a result of its use by Cantonese speakers.For the first meaning, Hong Kong...
-language news television channel - Premiere NetworkPrime SportsPrime Sports Asia is a cable sports network owned by STAR TV and Prime Network. It is available in Philippines, Hong Kong, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore, India and other Asian Territories....
(a joint venture with the New York CityNew York CityNew York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
-based Prime NetworkPrime NetworkThe Prime Network was a group of regional sports networks owned by Liberty Media that served several regionalized areas that was in operation between 1983 and late-1997. While Liberty owned many of these stations, some were affiliates and owned by other companies...
) an EnglishHong Kong EnglishHong Kong English may refer to two different yet interrelated concepts. The first concept refers to the variation or dialect of the English language used in Hong Kong. The second concept refers to the accent and elements as a result of its use by Cantonese speakers.For the first meaning, Hong Kong...
-language sports channel - English International ChannelSTAR WorldSTAR World is an Asian English language cable and satellite television network owned by Star TV and Fox International Channels, fully owned subsidiaries of News Corporation. The channel is the successor of STAR Plus, a subsidiary of News Corporation...
(EIC) (a joint venture with the Bombay-based Zee Studio and Zee CaféZee CafeZee Café is an Indian cable and satellite television channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It was launched on 15 March 2000 as Zee English and known for general entertainment channel...
) an EnglishHong Kong EnglishHong Kong English may refer to two different yet interrelated concepts. The first concept refers to the variation or dialect of the English language used in Hong Kong. The second concept refers to the accent and elements as a result of its use by Cantonese speakers.For the first meaning, Hong Kong...
-language general channel - STAR TV Mandarin Television ChannelSTAR Chinese ChannelSTAR Chinese Channel is the Mandarin general entertainment channel in Taiwan. Its programming features drama, news, lifestyle, and talk shows in Mandarin.-History:...
a MandarinStandard ChineseStandard Chinese, or Modern Standard Chinese, also known as Mandarin or Putonghua, is the official language of the People's Republic of China and Republic of China , and is one of the four official languages of Singapore....
-language general channel.
Meanwhile, other multinational broadcasters were entering the Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...
market including HBO Asia
HBO Asia
HBO Asia is a franchise of HBO in Asia. HBO Asia is now a joint venture of media giants Viacom and Time Warner . Sony Pictures Entertainment and Universal Studios exited the fifteen year-old HBO Asia premium movie joint venture on January 16, 2008....
, Discovery Channel Southeast Asia
Discovery Channel (South East Asian TV channel)
Discovery Channel is an Asian satellite and cable TV channel which provides documentary programming. Its documentaries focused mainly on popular science, technology, history and culture similar to that of the National Geographic Channel and History.It is owned and operated by Discovery Networks...
, Cartoon Network Southeast Asia
Cartoon Network (Southeast Asia)
Cartoon Network is a cable and satellite television channel created by Turner Broadcasting, a unit of Time Warner which primarily shows animated programming.Programming is broadcast in dual-language audio in English language, Chinese language, Thai language, and Malay language with Vietnamese...
, CNN International Asia Pacific
CNN International Asia Pacific
CNN International Asia Pacific is the Asia-Pacific edition of the CNN International pay-TV cable network. The feed originates from Hong Kong.CNN International began transmissions in August 1989....
and ESPN Asia
ESPN Asia
ESPN Asia is an Asian cable sports network owned by STAR TV in partnership with ESPN. It is the official Asian station of the Barclays Premier League...
. These companies, along with AsiaSat
AsiaSat
Asia Satellite Telecommunications Co. Ltd. is a commercial operator of communication spacecraft. AsiaSat is based in Hong Kong with two major shareholders, CITIC and General Electric.-Satellites:...
, were among the founders of the Cable & Satellite Broadcasting Association of Asia (CASBAA).
Organisation
CASBAA is led by a Board of Directors, supported by the CASBAA Council of Governors - its leading advsory group. The CASBAA Council of Governors comprises 50% Patron Governors matched by representatives of non-patron Members, The Chairman is elected for a two-year term and the Board of Directors (responsible for the management of CASBAA).Both Chairman and Directors are elected from within the Council of Governors. On the operational side CASBAA is managed by the Chief Executive (CEO) who is responsible for the Association's membership and committee activities and for the organisation of industry events such as the annual CASBAA Convention.
The following CASBAA committees play a key role in establishing the priorities and initiatives of the Association:
- Advertising & Research Committee
- CSR Committee
- Connected Media & Mobility Group
- Operator's Group
- Regulatory and Anti-Piracy Committee
- Satellite Industry Committee
- Technology Advisory Group
- Membership Committee
Members
CASBAA represents app. 130 corporations, which serve more than 3 billion people. As of November 2011 CASBAA Patron members include A&E Television NetworksA&E Television Networks
A&E Television Networks is a U.S. media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the US and abroad...
, Al Jazeera
Al Jazeera
Al Jazeera is an independent broadcaster owned by the state of Qatar through the Qatar Media Corporation and headquartered in Doha, Qatar...
, APT Satellite, Arianespace
Arianespace
Arianespace SA is a French company founded in 1980 as the world's first commercial space transportation company. It undertakes the production, operation, and marketing of the Ariane 5 rocket launcher as part of the Ariane programme....
, Asia Broadcast Satellite, Asian Broadcasting Network, AsiaSat
AsiaSat
Asia Satellite Telecommunications Co. Ltd. is a commercial operator of communication spacecraft. AsiaSat is based in Hong Kong with two major shareholders, CITIC and General Electric.-Satellites:...
, ASTRO
ASTRO
Autonomous Space Transport Robotic Operations , is an American technology demonstration satellite which was operated as part of the Orbital Express programme. It was used to demonstrate autonomous servicing and refuelling operations in orbit, performing tests on the NEXTSat satellite which was...
, Australia Network
Australia Network
Australia Network, originally Australia Television International and later ABC Asia Pacific, is a free-to-air international satellite television service operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation since 2006. The television and online service broadcasts 24 hours a day on 7 days a week, to...
, BBC Worldwide Channels Asia
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster. Its headquarters is at Broadcasting House in the City of Westminster, London. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff...
, Bloomberg Television
Bloomberg Television
Bloomberg Television is a 24-hour global network broadcasting business and financial news. It is distributed globally, reaching over 200 million homes worldwide. It is owned and operated by Bloomberg L.P...
, Discovery Networks Asia-Pacific, Disney Media Distribution
Disney-ABC International Television
Disney-ABC International Television is responsible for The Walt Disney Company's branded and non-branded filmed entertainment distribution, now distributing more than 30,000 hours of content to over 1300 broadcasters across 240 territories worldwide.The television distributor licenses movies from...
, Encompass Digital Media, Fox International Channels
Fox International Channels
Fox International Channels is a subsidiary of the Fox Entertainment Group, which is a part of Rupert Murdoch's global media conglomerate News Corporation...
, HBO Asia
HBO Asia
HBO Asia is a franchise of HBO in Asia. HBO Asia is now a joint venture of media giants Viacom and Time Warner . Sony Pictures Entertainment and Universal Studios exited the fifteen year-old HBO Asia premium movie joint venture on January 16, 2008....
, Intelsat
Intelsat
Intelsat, Ltd. is a communications satellite services provider.Originally formed as International Telecommunications Satellite Organization , it was—from 1964 to 2001—an intergovernmental consortium owning and managing a constellation of communications satellites providing international broadcast...
, Irdeto
Irdeto
Irdeto B.V. is a global software security and media technology company with dual headquarters in Hoofddorp, Netherlands and Beijing, China. It is a subsidiary of multinational media group Naspers...
, ITV
ITV
ITV is the major commercial public service TV network in the United Kingdom. Launched in 1955 under the auspices of the Independent Television Authority to provide competition to the BBC, it is also the oldest commercial network in the UK...
Global Entertainment, Macquarie
Macquarie
Macquarie is a commonly encountered name for geographical and business entities in Australia, all of which are directly or indirectly named after Lachlan Macquarie, early colonial administrator and governor of New South Wales.Macquarie may refer to:...
, MCOT
MCOT
MCOT Public Company Limited )) is a Thai media conglomerate. Its origins date back to the creation in 1955 of Thailand's first television broadcaster, The Thai Television Company Limited. In 1977, this company was reconstituted as a state enterprise, the Mass Communications Organization of Thailand...
, NBC Universal Global Networks
NBC Universal Global Networks
Universal Networks International, formerly NBC Universal Global Networks, is a part of NBC Universal.When NBC Universal was formed, it owned entertainment television channels in Europe and Latin America...
, NDS
NDS Group
NDS Group Plc. is a developer of pay TV technology. NDS was established in 1988 as an Israeli start up company. It was acquired by News Corporation in 1992. The company is currently headquartered in Staines, United Kingdom...
, Now TV
Now TV
Now TV is a 24-hour pay-TV service provider in Hong Kong.It is transmitted through the company's Netvigator broadband network via an IPTV service...
, PwC
PwC
PricewaterhouseCoopers is a global professional services firm headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the world's largest professional services firm measured by revenues and one of the "Big Four" accountancy firms....
, SES World Skies, SingTel, Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television, Inc. is an American and global television production/distribution subsidiary of Sony Pictures Entertainment. In turn, the latter is part of the Japanese conglomerate Sony.-Background:...
, Star TV India
STAR (India)
Satellite Television Asian Region is an Asian TV service owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation. It is headquartered in Mumbai, with regional offices in cities Delhi and Chennai....
, Tiger Gate Entertainment
Tiger Gate Entertainment
Tiger Gate Entertainment is a Hong Kong based pay-television broadcaster and producer/distributor of action and horror TV programming and films. Tiger Gate launched in 2008 and is a partnership among Lionsgate, a leading independent filmed entertainment studio, Saban Capital Group, a global private...
, TRACE TV
Trace TV
Trace Urban is a French music video television network devoted to play urban contemporary music videos, founded by the French businessmen Olivier Laouchez and Claude Grunitzky....
, TransAsia Lawyers, TrueVisions
TrueVisions
TrueVisions is Thailand's leading cable satellite television operator, broadcasting largely in English. Now owned by the True Corporation, the company was formerly known as the United Broadcasting Corporation , but it was rebranded in February 2007....
, Turner Broadcasting System Asia Pacific
Turner Broadcasting System Asia Pacific
Turner Broadcasting System Asia Pacific, Inc. is Turner's Asian branch. The company operates multiple channels across Asia.-Channels:* Cartoon Network * Cartoon Network * Turner Classic Movies * Cartoon Network * truTV...
, Verimatrix and Viacom
Viacom
Viacom Inc. , short for "Video & Audio Communications", is an American media conglomerate with interests primarily in, but not limited to, cinema and cable television...
.
Partners
CASBAA is working closely with a variety of partner institutions and industry organisations such as:- ABU - Asia-Pacific Broadcasting UnionAsia-Pacific Broadcasting UnionThe Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union , formed in 1964, is a non-profit, professional association of broadcasting organisations. It currently has 200 members in 57 countries and regions, reaching a potential audience of about 3 billion people....
- ACT - The Association of Commercial Television in Europe
- HKBA - Hong Kong Broadcasting AuthorityHong Kong Broadcasting AuthorityThe Hong Kong Broadcasting Authority is an organization responsible for licensing and regulating the broadcasting industry in Hong Kong. It was formed in 1987...
- ITVE - International Television Expert GroupInternational Television Expert GroupThe International Television Expert Group is a global television business information and networking platform. It was founded on October 12, 2007 in Berlin, Germany.-Mission:...