Brcko (city)
Encyclopedia
Brčko is a city in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina
, administrative seat of the Brčko District
. It lies on the country's border along the Sava river
across from Gunja
, Croatia
. Its name is very likely linked to the Breuci, an Illyrian tribe inhabiting the area in antiquity (see :it:Breuci).
, an independent unit of local self-government created on the territory of Republika Srpska
and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
following an arbitration process; the process is viewed by some as a violation of the Dayton Peace Accords because it created the district while it could only arbitrate the disputed portion of the Inter-Entity Boundary Line
, also known as the Zone of Separation (ZOS). The local administration is aided by an international supervisory regime headed by Raffi Gregorian
of the United States of America.
near Brka and Serbs in Brčko.
The initial US Army unit to deploy into Brčko was Task Force 3-5 CAV, a Task Force composed of individual units of the 1st Armored Division. The commander of Task Force 3-5 was LTC Anthony Cucolo. The Task Force headquarters was located at Camp McGovern.
Although Brčko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s, considerable progress in multi-ethnic integration in Brčko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling. Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan has improved the situation regarding property and return.
Brčko remains an important component of the Dayton Peace Accords after the Brčko Arbitration which ruled in May 1997 that Brčko would be a special district outside the jurisdiction of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
and Republika Srpska
, two entities that comprise Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The first international organization to open offices in Brčko was the Organization for Security and Cooperation In Europe (OSCE). The office was headed by Randy Hampton who went on to open offices in Croatia for the OSCE.
OSCE remains in Bosnia with its main office in Sarajevo.
• Boće
• Boderište
• Brčko
• Brezik
• Brezovo Polje
• Brezovo Polje
• Brka
• Brod
• Bukovac
• Bukvik Donji
• Bukvik Gornji
• Buzekara
• Cerik
• Čađavac
• Čande
• Čoseta
• Donji Rahić
• Donji Zovik
• Dubrave
• Dubravice Donje
• Dubravice Gornje
• Gajevi
• Gorice
• Gornji Rahić
• Gornji Zovik
• Grbavica
• Gredice
• Islamovac
• Krbeta
• Krepšić
• Laništa
• Lukavac
• Maoča
• Marković Polje
• Ograđenovac
• Omerbegovača
• Palanka
• Popovo Polje
• Potočari
• Rašljani
• Ražljevo
• Repino Brdo
• Sandići
• Skakava Donja
• Skakava Gornja
• Slijepčevići
• Stanovi
• Šatorovići
• Štrepci
• Trnjaci
• Ulice
• Ulović
• Vitanovići Donji
• Vitanovići Gornji
• Vučilovac
• Vujičići
• Vukšić Donji i Vukšić Gornji
.
Since 1991, there has been no official census conducted.
and Tuzla
. Even so, only 1 train crosses the border daily.
in Bosnia, on the Sava river. It is also home to an economics
faculty and to a rather important theater festival;
(Edin Osmić), Lepa Brena
(real name Fahreta Jahić Živojinović), a popular folk music
singer in the Balkans and Croatian international football player Mladen Petrić
. Lawyer and diplomat Matthew Parish
lived there when working for the Office of the High Representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
, administrative seat of the Brčko District
Brcko District
Brčko District in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina is a neutral, self-governing administrative unit, under the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
. It lies on the country's border along the Sava river
Sava River
The Sava is a river in Southeast Europe, a right side tributary of the Danube river at Belgrade. Counting from Zelenci, the source of Sava Dolinka, it is long and drains of surface area. It flows through Slovenia, Croatia, along the northern border of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and through Serbia....
across from Gunja
Gunja
Gunja is a village and municipality in the hinterland of the left banks of the Sava in the region of Spačva, Croatia, 31.42 km southeast of Županja; elevation 84 m. In the 2001 census, the population was 5,003, with 64.3% declaring themselves Croats and 13.77% Bosniaks. Chief occupations...
, Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
. Its name is very likely linked to the Breuci, an Illyrian tribe inhabiting the area in antiquity (see :it:Breuci).
Geography
Brčko is the seat of the Brčko DistrictBrcko District
Brčko District in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina is a neutral, self-governing administrative unit, under the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
, an independent unit of local self-government created on the territory of Republika Srpska
Republika Srpska
Republika Srpska is one of two main political entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the two political entities that compose the sovereign country of Bosnia and Herzegovina . The two entities are delineated by the Inter-Entity Boundary Line...
following an arbitration process; the process is viewed by some as a violation of the Dayton Peace Accords because it created the district while it could only arbitrate the disputed portion of the Inter-Entity Boundary Line
Inter-Entity Boundary Line
The Inter-Entity Boundary Line divides Bosnia and Herzegovina into two entities, the Republika Srpska and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
, also known as the Zone of Separation (ZOS). The local administration is aided by an international supervisory regime headed by Raffi Gregorian
Raffi Gregorian
Raffi Gregorian is an American diplomat. Gregorian is the current Principal Deputy High Representative and Brčko District Supervisor in Bosnia and Herzegovina...
of the United States of America.
History
Brčko was a geographic point of contention in 1996 when the U.S.-led Implementation Forces (IFOR) built Camp McGovern on the outskirts of the city. Camp McGovern as it is known, was built in the (Zone of Separation) ZOS for the purpose of establishing peacekeeping operations, specifically between Muslims in Gornji RahićGornji Rahić
Gornji Rahić is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
near Brka and Serbs in Brčko.
The initial US Army unit to deploy into Brčko was Task Force 3-5 CAV, a Task Force composed of individual units of the 1st Armored Division. The commander of Task Force 3-5 was LTC Anthony Cucolo. The Task Force headquarters was located at Camp McGovern.
Although Brčko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s, considerable progress in multi-ethnic integration in Brčko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling. Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan has improved the situation regarding property and return.
Brčko remains an important component of the Dayton Peace Accords after the Brčko Arbitration which ruled in May 1997 that Brčko would be a special district outside the jurisdiction of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the two political entities that compose the sovereign country of Bosnia and Herzegovina . The two entities are delineated by the Inter-Entity Boundary Line...
and Republika Srpska
Republika Srpska
Republika Srpska is one of two main political entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
, two entities that comprise Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The first international organization to open offices in Brčko was the Organization for Security and Cooperation In Europe (OSCE). The office was headed by Randy Hampton who went on to open offices in Croatia for the OSCE.
OSCE remains in Bosnia with its main office in Sarajevo.
Settlements
• BijelaBijela (Brčko)
Bijela is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Boće
Boće
Boće is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Boderište
Boderište
Boderište is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Brčko
• Brezik
Brezik (Brčko)
Brezik is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Brezovo Polje
Brezovo Polje (Brčko)
Brezovo Polje is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Brezovo Polje
Brezovo Polje (Brčko)
Brezovo Polje is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Brka
Brka
Brka is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Brod
Brod (Brčko)
Brod is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Bukovac
Bukovac (Brčko)
Bukovac is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Bukvik Donji
Bukvik Donji
Bukvik Donji is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Bukvik Gornji
Bukvik Gornji
Bukvik Gornji is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Buzekara
Buzekara
Buzekara is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Cerik
Cerik (Brčko)
Cerik is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Čađavac
Čađavac
Čađavac is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Čande
Čande
Čande is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Čoseta
Čoseta
Čoseta is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Donji Rahić
Donji Rahić
Donji Rahić is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Donji Zovik
Donji Zovik (Brčko)
Donji Zovik is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Dubrave
Dubrave, Brčko
Dubrave, Brčko is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Dubravice Donje
Dubravice Donje
Dubravice Donje is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Dubravice Gornje
Dubravice Gornje
Dubravice Gornje is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Gajevi
Gajevi (Brčko)
Gajevi is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Gorice
Gorice (Brčko)
Gorice is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Gornji Rahić
Gornji Rahić
Gornji Rahić is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Gornji Zovik
Gornji Zovik (Brčko)
Gornji Zovik is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Grbavica
Grbavica (Brčko)
Grbavica is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Gredice
Gredice
Gredice is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Islamovac
Islamovac
Islamovac is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Krbeta
Krbeta
Krbeta is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Krepšić
Krepšić
Krepšić is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Laništa
Laništa
Laništa is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Lukavac
Lukavac (Brčko)
Lukavac is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Maoča
Maoča (Brčko)
Maoča is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Marković Polje
Marković Polje
Marković Polje is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Ograđenovac
Ograđenovac
Ograđenovac is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Omerbegovača
Omerbegovača
Omerbegovača is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Palanka
Palanka
-Places:In Serbia:* Bačka Palanka, a town and municipality in Vojvodina, Serbia* Smederevska Palanka, a town and municipality in Central Serbia, Serbia* Bela Palanka, a town and municipality in Central Serbia, Serbia...
• Popovo Polje
• Potočari
Potocari
Potočari is a village in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, 6 km north-west of the town of Srebrenica. In the 1991 census it had 4,338 inhabitants, of whom 93% were Bosniaks and 7% were others, mainly Serbs.-War period:...
• Rašljani
Rašljani
Rašljani is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Ražljevo
Ražljevo
Ražljevo is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Repino Brdo
Repino Brdo
Repino Brdo is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Sandići
Sandići
Sandići is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Skakava Donja
Skakava Donja
Skakava Donja is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Skakava Gornja
Skakava Gornja
Skakava Gornja is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Slijepčevići
Slijepčevići
Slijepčevići is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Stanovi
Stanovi (Brčko)
Stanovi is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Šatorovići
Šatorovići (Brčko)
Šatorovići is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Štrepci
Štrepci
Štrepci is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Trnjaci
Trnjaci (Brčko)
Trnjaci is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Ulice
Úlice
Úlice is a village and municipality in Plzeň-North District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic.The municipality covers an area of , and has a population of 421 ....
• Ulović
Ulović
Ulović is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Vitanovići Donji
Vitanovići Donji
Vitanovići Donji is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Vitanovići Gornji
Vitanovići Gornji
Vitanovići Gornji is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Vučilovac
Vučilovac
Vučilovac is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.-References:...
• Vujičići
Vujičići
Vujičići is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
• Vukšić Donji i Vukšić Gornji
Vukšić Donji i Vukšić Gornji
Vukšić Donji is a village in the municipality of Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina....
.
Demographics
According to 1991 census Brčko had 41,406 inhabitants, including:- MuslimsMuslims by nationalityMuslims by nationality was a term used in Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as an official designation of nationality of Slavic Muslims. They were one of the constitutive groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
- 22,994 (55,54%) - SerbsSerbsThe Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
- 8,253 (19,93%) - YugoslavsYugoslavsYugoslavs is a national designation used by a minority of South Slavs across the countries of the former Yugoslavia and in the diaspora...
- 5,211 (12,58%) - CroatsCroatsCroats are a South Slavic ethnic group mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. There are around 4 million Croats living inside Croatia and up to 4.5 million throughout the rest of the world. Responding to political, social and economic pressure, many Croats have...
- 2,894 (6,99%) - others - 2,054 (4,96%)
Since 1991, there has been no official census conducted.
Rail
A railway station is near the city centre with connections to VinkovciVinkovci
Vinkovci is a city in Croatia, in the Vukovar-Syrmia County. In the 2011 census, the total population of the city was 35,375, making it the largest town of the county...
and Tuzla
Tuzla
Tuzla is a city and municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the time of the 1991 census, it had 83,770 inhabitants, while the municipality 131,318. Taking the influx of refugees into account, the city is currently estimated to have 174,558 inhabitants...
. Even so, only 1 train crosses the border daily.
Sport
Brčko has three football clubs (FK Jedinstvo, FK Lokomotiva and the youngest club FK Ilicka 01 ). They all play in second league of Republic of Srpska.Features
Brčko has the largest portPort
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land....
in Bosnia, on the Sava river. It is also home to an economics
Economics
Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek from + , hence "rules of the house"...
faculty and to a rather important theater festival;
Famous residents
The city's most famous citizens are rapper Edo MaajkaEdo Maajka
Edin Osmić , better known by his stage name Edo Maajka, is a Bosnian rapper. His stage name literally means "Edo the Mother".-Early life:...
(Edin Osmić), Lepa Brena
Lepa Brena
Fahreta Jahić Živojinović is Yugoslavian pop-folk singer, better known as Lepa Brena , . Born in Tuzla and raised in Brčko, Bosnia and Herzegovina , she moved to Novi Sad in 1980 to pursue her career in singing. In 1982...
(real name Fahreta Jahić Živojinović), a popular folk music
Folk music
Folk music is an English term encompassing both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music. The term originated in the 19th century. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted by mouth, as music of the lower classes, and as music with unknown composers....
singer in the Balkans and Croatian international football player Mladen Petrić
Mladen Petric
Mladen Petrić is a Croatian international footballer who plays for Hamburger SV in the Fußball-Bundesliga Bundesliga. He also holds the Swiss citizenship.-Early life:...
. Lawyer and diplomat Matthew Parish
Matthew Parish
Matthew Parish is a lawyer and scholar of international relations. He is best known for his writings about the politics of the western Balkans, in particular his prediction of the secession of Republika Srpska from Bosnia and Herzegovina and his criticisms of the international community's presence...
lived there when working for the Office of the High Representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina.