Bob Dylan bootleg recordings
Encyclopedia
Bob Dylan bootleg recordings are unreleased performances by American singer-songwriter
Singer-songwriter
Singer-songwriters are musicians who write, compose and sing their own musical material including lyrics and melodies. As opposed to contemporary popular music singers who write their own songs, the term singer-songwriter describes a distinct form of artistry, closely associated with the...

 Bob Dylan
Bob Dylan
Bob Dylan is an American singer-songwriter, musician, poet, film director and painter. He has been a major and profoundly influential figure in popular music and culture for five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s when he was an informal chronicler and a seemingly...

, that have been circulated throughout the public without undergoing an official, sanctioned release. It is commonly misconceived that bootlegs are only restricted to audio, but bootleg video performances, such as the Dylan's 1966 film Eat the Document
Eat the Document
Eat the Document is a documentary of Bob Dylan's 1966 tour of the United Kingdom with the Hawks. It was shot under Dylan's direction by D. A. Pennebaker, whose groundbreaking documentary Dont Look Back [sic] chronicled Dylan's 1965 British tour...

, which remains officially unreleased, are considered to be bootlegs. Dylan is generally considered to be the most bootlegged artist in rock history, rivaled only by the Grateful Dead
Grateful Dead
The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in the San Francisco Bay Area. The band was known for its unique and eclectic style, which fused elements of rock, folk, bluegrass, blues, reggae, country, improvisational jazz, psychedelia, and space rock, and for live performances of long...

.

Due to his constant touring between 1988–present, and the fact that almost every show has been recorded, many of Dylan's illicit recordings come from the Never Ending Tour
Never Ending Tour
The Never Ending Tour is the popular name for Bob Dylan’s endless touring schedule since June 7, 1988. During the past 23+ years, musicians have come and gone and the band has continued to evolve...

. However, early taped performances by friends dating from the late 1950s, concerts, Newport Folk Festival shows, demo
Demo (music)
A demo version or demo of a song is one recorded for reference rather than for release. A demo is a way for a musician to approximate their ideas on tape or disc, and provide an example of those ideas to record labels, producers or other artists...

 tapes, and studio outtakes provide a wide range of unreleased material to be bootlegged.

Early Bootlegs

The first ever popular rock
Rock music
Rock music is a genre of popular music that developed during and after the 1960s, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by rhythm and blues and country music...

 bootleg to appear on the black market was Dylan's Great White Wonder
Great White Wonder
Great White Wonder, or GWW, is the first notable rock bootleg album, released in July of 1969 and containing unofficially released recordings by Bob Dylan. It is also the first release of the famous bootleg record label Trademark of Quality...

, a double album
Double album
A double album is an audio album which spans two units of the primary medium in which it is sold, typically records and compact discs....

 first coming to underground record stores in mid-1969, through a young bootleg label, "Trademark of Quality
Trademark of Quality
TMQ, TMOQ or TradeMark Of Quality was a bootleg record label that originated in the Los Angeles, California area during the late 1960s and early 1970s. The label was responsible for many underground records of Bob Dylan, Led Zeppelin, Jefferson Airplane, Devo, Grateful Dead, The Beatles, Frank...

" (TMQ). It contained a variety of material: several tracks coming from a hotel rehearsal in December 1961 (recorded by then-girlfriend Bonnie Beecher), Witmark publishing demos, an interview with Pete Seeger
Pete Seeger
Peter "Pete" Seeger is an American folk singer and was an iconic figure in the mid-twentieth century American folk music revival. A fixture on nationwide radio in the 1940s, he also had a string of hit records during the early 1950s as a member of The Weavers, most notably their recording of Lead...

, studio outtakes from the Highway 61 Revisited
Highway 61 Revisited
Highway 61 Revisited is the sixth studio album by singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. It was released in August 1965 by Columbia Records. On his previous album, Bringing It All Back Home, Dylan devoted Side One of the album to songs accompanied by an electric rock band, and Side Two to solo acoustic numbers...

sessions, songs recorded with The Band
The Band
The Band was an acclaimed and influential roots rock group. The original group consisted of Rick Danko , Garth Hudson , Richard Manuel , and Robbie Robertson , and Levon Helm...

 in the summer of 1967 in Woodstock, New York
Woodstock, New York
Woodstock is a town in Ulster County, New York, United States. The population was 5,884 at the 2010 census, down from 6,241 at the 2000 census.The Town of Woodstock is in the northern part of the county...

 (which would become known as The Basement Tapes
The Basement Tapes
The Basement Tapes is a 1975 studio album by Bob Dylan and The Band. The songs featuring Dylan's vocals were recorded in 1967, eight years before the album's release, at houses in and around Woodstock, New York, where Dylan and the Band lived...

), and one live performance from a 1969 broadcast of The Johnny Cash Show
The Johnny Cash Show
The Johnny Cash Show is a live album by country singer Johnny Cash, recorded at the Grand Ole Opry and released on Columbia Records in 1970. Though one of Cash's lesser-known live records, it spawned the highly successful single "Sunday Mornin' Comin' Down", which helped kickstart the career of...

. As people began to buy the record, duplicates began to appear that were released by other young bootleg labels. These re-releases usually switched track listings, or just took a single record of the two, and released it under a different name. Generally, the quality of the recordings degenerated between different releases, because the songs were being copied from the same source many times over.

The release of the Great White Wonder gave birth to a fake bootleg that began as a gag concocted by editors at Rolling Stone
Rolling Stone
Rolling Stone is a US-based magazine devoted to music, liberal politics, and popular culture that is published every two weeks. Rolling Stone was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and music critic Ralph J...

magazine. The album, The Masked Marauders
The Masked Marauders
The Masked Marauders is a record album released on the Warner Bros. Reprise/Deity label in the fall of 1969. The recording captured a purported "super session" of the era's leading rock and roll musicians, including Bob Dylan, Mick Jagger, John Lennon, and Paul McCartney...

, was supposedly recorded during a jam session between Dylan, Mick Jagger
Mick Jagger
Sir Michael Philip "Mick" Jagger is an English musician, singer and songwriter, best known as the lead vocalist and a founding member of The Rolling Stones....

, John Lennon
John Lennon
John Winston Lennon, MBE was an English musician and singer-songwriter who rose to worldwide fame as one of the founding members of The Beatles, one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed acts in the history of popular music...

, and Paul McCartney
Paul McCartney
Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE, Hon RAM, FRCM is an English musician, singer-songwriter and composer. Formerly of The Beatles and Wings , McCartney is listed in Guinness World Records as the "most successful musician and composer in popular music history", with 60 gold discs and sales of 100...

. A review of the non-existent album ran in Rolling Stone on October 18, 1969. The write-up sparked numerous inquiries from readers, and a band was hired to record first some singles, then a full album. The album was released in November 1969 under a Warner Bros.
Warner Bros. Records
Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American record label. It was the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group, and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation. It maintains a close relationship with its former parent, Warner Bros. Pictures, although the two companies...

 subsidiary created as part of the stunt.

Stealin, which appeared later in 1969, began to compile more studio outtakes, with many tracks coming from the Highway 61 Revisited
Highway 61 Revisited
Highway 61 Revisited is the sixth studio album by singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. It was released in August 1965 by Columbia Records. On his previous album, Bringing It All Back Home, Dylan devoted Side One of the album to songs accompanied by an electric rock band, and Side Two to solo acoustic numbers...

sessions of 1965, along with tracks that also appeared on Great White Wonder. It also included takes of songs that would eventually be released by Columbia via the official "Bootleg Series". But this too began to be copied and re-released by different bootleg record labels, with sound quality suffering greatly between each copying.

1970 saw the first release of the "Royal Albert Hall" material, recorded May 17, 1966 at the Manchester
Manchester
Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. According to the Office for National Statistics, the 2010 mid-year population estimate for Manchester was 498,800. Manchester lies within one of the UK's largest metropolitan areas, the metropolitan county of Greater...

 Free Trade Hall
Free Trade Hall
The Free Trade Hall, Peter Street, Manchester, was a public hall constructed in 1853–6 on St Peter's Fields, the site of the Peterloo Massacre and is now a hotel. The hall was built to commemorate the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846. The architect was Edward Walters The hall subsequently was...

, titled In 1966 There Was, which also contained tracks from a different concert on the tour. Zimmerman Looking Back was released later that year, and contained the entire electric set played on May 17, 1966, as well as four songs from the acoustic set of a concert recorded in Ireland. Over the years, many more labels began to release the electric set, generally using the phrase "Royal Albert Hall" in the title. In 1971, TMQ released just the electric set, titled GWW: Royal Albert Hall. The acoustic set was generally overlooked by the pirates, until the entire concert was officially released by Columbia in 1998.

After the early 1970s, pirates continued to copy old material, along with releasing new studio outtakes and live shows. Dylan's Isle of Wight Festival performance was first bootlegged in 1970 as Isle of Wight, but the concert was incomplete. Eventually, the whole concert was available on illicit albums. Dylan's set at George Harrison
George Harrison
George Harrison, MBE was an English musician, guitarist, singer-songwriter, actor and film producer who achieved international fame as lead guitarist of The Beatles. Often referred to as "the quiet Beatle", Harrison became over time an admirer of Indian mysticism, and introduced it to the other...

's "Concert for Bangladesh" from 1971 soon appeared on bootlegs, such as Madison Square Garden and Bangla Desh, usually paired with part of Harrison's set.

Dylan's 1974 tour with The Band
The Band
The Band was an acclaimed and influential roots rock group. The original group consisted of Rick Danko , Garth Hudson , Richard Manuel , and Robbie Robertson , and Levon Helm...

 also became a large source of the bootlegs. Mr. Cleen Records released Chicago in 1974, which included 10 songs from Dylan's second Chicago appearance that year. This is probably the first release of material from that tour.

1976 saw the first release of Rolling Thunder Revue
Rolling Thunder Revue
The Rolling Thunder Revue was a famed U.S. concert tour consisting of a traveling caravan of musicians, headed by Bob Dylan, that took place in late 1975 and early 1976; the prevailing theory was that the tour was named after the Native American shaman Rolling Thunder. Others maintained that tour...

 material, with Passed Over and Rolling Thunder, a double album that contained a variety of songs. Almost the entire benefit show for Rubin "Hurricane" Carter
Rubin Carter
Rubin "Hurricane" Carter fought professionally as a middleweight boxer from 1961 to 1966. In 1966, he was arrested for a triple homicide in the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey...

 on December 8, 1975, was released as Hurricane Carter Benefit, by the Singers Label.

Bootlegging continued to be prosperous throughout the rest of the 1970s, 80s, and beyond, with many hundreds of titles released.

The Minnesota Hotel Tapes

There are three tapes that are commonly referred as the "Minnesota Tapes": the Minnesota party tape, and the two Minnesota hotel tapes. The latter was recorded sometime in May 1961, while the former two were recorded in December of that same year. The earliest tape was recorded by Dylan's girlfriend at the time, Bonnie Beecher, while the other two were recorded by friend Tony Glover. Several songs from these tapes appeared on the original Great White Wonder. They have forever been distributed across various bootlegs throughout the years, but the most complete collection was released in 1994 as The Minnesota Tapes. This collection includes both tapes in their entirety, spread across three CDs.

The Gaslight Café Recordings

Several tapes of Dylan performing at the Gaslight have long been circulating among collectors, although it is not known when the first bootlegs containing them were produced. However, in 2005, Columbia Records released Live at the Gaslight 1962
Live at The Gaslight 1962
Live at The Gaslight 1962 is a single CD release including ten songs from early Bob Dylan performances at the Gaslight cafe in New York City's Greenwich Village...

, which contained ten of the seventeen songs from one of these tapes. Dylan originals include "A Hard Rain's A-Gonna Fall
A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall
"A Hard Rain's A-Gonna Fall" is a song written by Bob Dylan in the summer of 1962. It was first recorded in Columbia Records' Studio A on 6 December 1962 for his second album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan. The lyric structure is based on the question and answer form of the traditional ballad "Lord...

", "Don't Think Twice, It's All Right
Don't Think Twice, It's All Right
"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right" is a song written by Bob Dylan in 1962, and released on the 1963 album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan.-Context:...

", and an unreleased song called "John Brown".

Witmark and Broadside Demos

When Dylan decided to lodge his compositions with publisher Witmark Music, it became his duty to record demos of his recent compositions. Over 1963-1964, Dylan recorded over forty songs for his publishers, in his publisher's office, usually accompanying himself on piano or guitar. Many songs were never returned to on any of Dylan's albums, such as "The Death of Emmet Till", "All Over You", and "Walkin' Down the Line". A two-CD set compiling the known forty-one of these demos was released in 1994. In 2010, the complete Witmark demos were officially released by Columbia Records
Columbia Records
Columbia Records is an American record label, owned by Japan's Sony Music Entertainment, operating under the Columbia Music Group with Aware Records. It was founded in 1888, evolving from an earlier enterprise, the American Graphophone Company — successor to the Volta Graphophone Company...

 on The Bootleg Series Vol. 9 – The Witmark Demos: 1962–1964.

Dylan also recorded songs for the folk magazine Broadside, so they could be transcribed and possibly published. Again, many of these compositions were overlooked when it came time to record an album. 1995 saw the release of many of these songs on a compilation called "Broadside". It also included three songs from a Broadside radio show, and three from the march on Washington D.C.

The Newport Folk Festival: 1963-65

Dylan's performances at the 1963, '64, '65, and later 2002 Newport Folk Festival
Newport Folk Festival
The Newport Folk Festival is an American annual folk-oriented music festival in Newport, Rhode Island, which began in 1959 as a counterpart to the previously established Newport Jazz Festival...

 have all been recorded and widely distributed. While being recorded professionally by both cameras and by a PA system during the '60s performances, Dylan's 2002 concert was recorded by an off-mike audience member. The 1965 festival was marked by the fact that he "went electric
Electric Dylan controversy
By 1965, Bob Dylan had achieved the status of leading songwriter of the American folk music revival.Paul Simon suggested that Dylan's early compositions virtually took over the folk genre: "[Dylan's] early songs were very rich ... with strong melodies. 'Blowin' in the Wind' has a really strong...

", much to the chagrin of folk purists. This event's recording circulated long before "Maggie's Farm
Maggie's Farm
"Maggie's Farm" is a song written by Bob Dylan, recorded on January 15, 1965, and released on the album Bringing It All Back Home on March 22 of that year...

", the first song played at the concert, was released on The Bootleg Series Vol. 7: No Direction Home: The Soundtrack
The Bootleg Series Vol. 7: No Direction Home: The Soundtrack
The Bootleg Series Vol. 7: No Direction Home: The Soundtrack is the third most recent installment in the Bob Dylan "Bootleg Series" of rare and/or officially unissued recordings....

in 2005. Film of Dylan's conversion to electric music, as well as performances from 1963 and 1964, were released on The Other Side of the Mirror
The Other Side of the Mirror
-Charts:AlbumSingles-Certifications:-Releases and promotions:*The UK 12-inch and CD single releases of "Rooms on Fire" feature an extended version of the song running at 9:00, and also include a live version of "Has Anyone Ever Written Anything for You?" recorded during the Rock a Little tour as...

. Dylan's 2002 performance has, to this date, remained unreleased.

1966 World Tour

Many of the shows given on Dylan's 1966 World Tour were recorded by audience members, or officially recorded by CBS, which led to a vast archive of concert recordings. The early parts of the tour, taking place in the United States, contained "Positively Fourth Street" and "Love Minus Zero/No Limit
Love Minus Zero/No Limit
"Love Minus Zero/No Limit" is a song written by Bob Dylan for his fifth studio album Bringing It All Back Home, released in 1965 . The song was originally written as a tribute to Dylan's future wife Sara Lowndes...

", and "To Ramona
To Ramona
"To Ramona" is a folk waltz written by Bob Dylan for his fourth studio album, Another Side of Bob Dylan. The song is one of the many on the album to highlight the more personal, and less political, side of Dylan's songwriting that would become evermore prominent in the future...

" in the set list. However, these songs were dropped as Dylan and the Hawks
The Band
The Band was an acclaimed and influential roots rock group. The original group consisted of Rick Danko , Garth Hudson , Richard Manuel , and Robbie Robertson , and Levon Helm...

 traveled to different locations. The electric portions were usually intense, with Dylan nearly screaming into the microphone.

The "Basement Tapes" Sessions

Dylan and the Band had come to Woodstock in 1967, with the intent to shoot further scenes for the documentary Eat the Document, but their focus soon reverted to music. Using equipment borrowed from Peter, Paul and Mary
Peter, Paul and Mary
Peter, Paul and Mary were an American folk-singing trio whose nearly 50-year career began with their rise to become a paradigm for 1960s folk music. The trio was composed of Peter Yarrow, Paul Stookey and Mary Travers...

, Dylan and the Band began to record a vast variety of music in the basement of the Band's rented house, near Woodstock. Over the ensuing months, over 100 songs were recorded, many of them written by Dylan himself.

Only the heavily edited official version of The Basement Tapes
The Basement Tapes
The Basement Tapes is a 1975 studio album by Bob Dylan and The Band. The songs featuring Dylan's vocals were recorded in 1967, eight years before the album's release, at houses in and around Woodstock, New York, where Dylan and the Band lived...

, as well as the release of the song "I'm Not There" to promote the film of the same name
I'm Not There
I'm Not There is a 2007 biographical musical film directed by Todd Haynes, inspired by iconic American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Six actors depict different facets of Dylan's life and public persona: Christian Bale, Cate Blanchett, Marcus Carl Franklin, Richard Gere, Heath Ledger, and Ben Whishaw...

, offer a legal alternative to the many bootleg versions of these sessions. Material recorded in these sessions appeared on the original Great White Wonder album, and have been re-appearing ever since on bootlegs. So far, the most complete version is White Bear's A Tree With Roots, which contains 108 tracks from the "Basement" sessions.

However, three songs from these sessions have not surfaced in complete form: "Even if it's a Big Part I and II" (written by the Band), "Wild Wolf" (Dylan), and "Can I Get A Racehorse?". "Even if it's a Pig Part I" circulates in incomplete form.

Never Ending Tour

Since 1988, Dylan has toured consistently every year, performing nearly 100 shows every single year. His constant and seemingly ceaseless schedule was dubbed the "Never Ending Tour
Never Ending Tour
The Never Ending Tour is the popular name for Bob Dylan’s endless touring schedule since June 7, 1988. During the past 23+ years, musicians have come and gone and the band has continued to evolve...

" by a reporter. A vast number of the shows have been recorded by audience members, and many have been released on bootleg CD. Very few recordings from the tour have been officially released; many have been single songs only, but entire concerts have been made available to the general public.

Studio outtakes

Dylan has recorded thirty-five studio albums throughout his career, and naturally there were recorded songs or takes that remained unused. Many of these have circulated through tape collectors and have thus been released on bootlegs.

External links

  • Bob's Boots - The Bob Dylan bootleg museum: browse titles, track listings, by LP or CD
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