Bishop of Ardagh
Encyclopedia
The Bishop of Ardagh was a separate episcopal
Episcopal polity
Episcopal polity is a form of church governance that is hierarchical in structure with the chief authority over a local Christian church resting in a bishop...

 title which took its name after the village of Ardagh
Ardagh, County Longford
Ardagh is a village in County Longford, Ireland about from Longford Town. It is located off the N4 road.There are several important Early Christian sites in and near Ardagh, including the Church of St. Mel...

 in County Longford
County Longford
County Longford is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Longford.Longford County Council is the local authority for the county...

, Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Ireland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...

. It was used by the Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...

 until 1756, and intermittently by the Church of Ireland
Church of Ireland
The Church of Ireland is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion. The church operates in all parts of Ireland and is the second largest religious body on the island after the Roman Catholic Church...

 until 1839.

Tradition states that a monastery was founded at Ardagh by St Patrick, and that his nephew, St. Mel (died c.490), was its bishop or abbot. Although there is no historical or archaeological evidence to support it, Mel is regarded as the founder of the see.

The diocese of Ardagh was established in 1111 at the Synod of Rathbreasail
Synod of Rathbreasail
The Synod of Ráth Breasail took place in Ireland in 1111. It marked the transition of the Irish church from a monastic to a diocesan and parish-based church...

 as the see for east Connacht
Connacht
Connacht , formerly anglicised as Connaught, is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the west of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for...

. At the subsequent Synod of Kells in 1152, its area was reduced to the territory of the Conmaicne
Conmaicne
The Conmhaicne or Conmaicne were an ancient tribal grouping that were divided into a number of distinct branches that were found scattered around Ireland in the early medieval period. They settled in Connacht, where they gave their name to several territories....

.

Ardagh Cathedral was severely damaged by warfare in 1496 and was never restored. There are remains of an eighth or ninth century church at Ardagh, which is known as St. Mel's Cathedral, although it dates from three centuries after the saint's death, and predates the introduction of a diocesan system in Ireland.

Following the Reformation
English Reformation
The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th-century England by which the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church....

, there were parallel apostolic succession
Apostolic Succession
Apostolic succession is a doctrine, held by some Christian denominations, which asserts that the chosen successors of the Twelve Apostles, from the first century to the present day, have inherited the spiritual, ecclesiastical and sacramental authority, power, and responsibility that were...

s. In the Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...

, the bishopric has been united with Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Clonmacnoise was the ordinary of the Roman Catholic episcopal see based at Clonmacnoise, County Offaly, Ireland. The bishops of Clonmacnoise appear in the records for the first time in the 9th century, although inferior in status to the Abbot of Clonmacnoise until the reformation of the...

 since the eighteenth century. The cathedral for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise
Roman Catholic Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise
The Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise is a Roman Catholic diocese in Ireland.-Geographic remit:The diocese is spread over parts of seven counties in the centre of Ireland. It includes almost all of County Longford, half of County Leitrim and parts of counties Westmeath, Offaly, Cavan, Roscommon...

 was established at Longford
Longford
Longford is the county town of County Longford in Ireland. It has a population of 7,622 according to the 2006 census. Approximately one third of the county's population resides in the town. Longford town is also the biggest town in the county...

 in 1838. Previously the parish church of Ballymahon
Ballymahon
Ballymahon on the River Inny is a town in the southern part of County Longford, Ireland. It is located at the junction of the N55 National secondary road and the R392 regional road. Ballymahon derives its name from Gaelic Baile Mathuna Town of Mahon...

 had served as a pro-cathedral.

In the Church of Ireland
Church of Ireland
The Church of Ireland is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion. The church operates in all parts of Ireland and is the second largest religious body on the island after the Roman Catholic Church...

, Ardagh was intermittently held with Kilmore
Bishop of Kilmore
The Bishop of Kilmore is an episcopal title which takes its name after the parish of Kilmore in County Cavan, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.-History:...

 between 1604-1633, 1661-1692 and 1693-1742, then held with Tuam
Archbishop of Tuam
The Archbishop of Tuam is an archiepiscopal title which takes its name after the town of Tuam in County Galway, Ireland. The title was used by the Church of Ireland until 1839, and is still in use by the Roman Catholic Church.-History:...

 1742-1839. Ardagh was again united to Kilmore 1839-1841. Since 1841, Ardagh has been part of the bishopric of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh
Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh
The Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh is the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh....

.

Pre-Reformation bishops

Pre-Reformation Bishops of Ardagh
From Until Incumbent Notes
bef.1152 1166 Mac Raith ua Móráin Present at the Synod of Kells in March 1152; resigned in 1166; died 1168
bef.1172 1178 Gilla Crist Ua hEóthaig Called "bishop of Conmaicne
Conmaicne
The Conmhaicne or Conmaicne were an ancient tribal grouping that were divided into a number of distinct branches that were found scattered around Ireland in the early medieval period. They settled in Connacht, where they gave their name to several territories....

"; died in 1178; also known as Christianus
d.1188 Ua hÉislinnén Called "bishop of Conmaicne"; died in office
d.1216 Annud Ua Muiredaig Died in office; also known as Adam
1217 1224 Robert, O.Cist.  Abbot of St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin
St. Mary's Abbey, Dublin
St. Mary's Abbey is a former Cistercian abbey located near Abbey Street in Dublin, Ireland. Its territory stretched from the district known as Oxmanstown down along the river Liffey until it met the sea. It also owned large estates in other parts of Ireland...

 until became bishop in 1217; died on 27 May 1224
c.1224 c.1229 Simon Magraith Prior of Inis Mór until became bishop circa 1224; died circa 1229; also known as MacBath or MacGeoffrey
1228 1230 Joseph Mac Teichthecháin Elected 1227; consecrated circa 1228; died 1230; also known as Joseph Mac Eódaig ('Magoday')
c.1229 1230 Mac Raith Mac Serraig Elected and consecrated circa 1229; died 1230
fl.
Floruit
Floruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...

 c.1230
Thomas
c.1232 1237 Gilla Ísu mac in Scélaige Ó Tormaid Elected and consecrated circa 1232; died in 1237; also known as Gelasius
c.1232 c.1237 Iocelinus, O.Cist. Elected and consecrated circa 1232; took control of temporalities
Temporalities
Temporalities are the secular properties and possessions of the Christian Church. It is most often used to describe those properties that were used to support a bishop or other religious person or establishment. Its opposite description would be the spiritualities.In the Middle Ages, the...

 on 1 March 1233; resigned before 1237
1238 1252 Brendán Mac Teichthecháin Elected circa 1238; resigned on 15 October 1252; died in 1255; also known as Brendán Mac Eódaig ('Magoday')
1256 1288 Milo of Dunstable Elected before 20 May 1256; temporalities on 13 January 1257; died on 23 October 1288
1290 1322 Matha Ó hEóthaig Elected November 1289; fealty on 28 January 1290; temporalities on 8 April 1290; died in office; also known as Matthaeus
1323 Robert Wirsop, O.E.S.A. Appointed on 5 April 1323, but did not get possession of the see; translated to Connor
Bishop of Connor
The Bishop of Connor is an episcopal title which takes its name after the village of Connor in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The title is currently used by the Church of Ireland, but in the Roman Catholic Church it has been united with another bishopric....

 on 20 June 1323
1324 1343 Seoán Mág Eóaigh Elected before March and consecrated before 12 May 1324; died in office; also recorded as John Magee
1347 1367 Eóghan alias Maolsheachlainn Ó Fearghail Elected circa 1344; consecrated circa 1347; died in office; also recorded as Owen O'Ferral
1368 1373 Uilliam Mac Carmaic Elected circa 1368; died, by a fall from his horse, before August 1373; also recorded as William MacCarmaic
1373 1378 Cairbre Ó Fearghail Elected before September 1373; died in 1378; also recorded as Charles O'Ferrall
1373 unknown John Aubrey, O.P. Elected before September 1373; appointed on 29 April 1374
1392 Henry Nony, O.P. Appointed on 29 April 1392, but did not get possession of the see; acted as a suffragan bishop
Suffragan bishop
A suffragan bishop is a bishop subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop. He or she may be assigned to an area which does not have a cathedral of its own.-Anglican Communion:...

 in the dioceses of Exeter
Diocese of Exeter
The Diocese of Exeter is a Church of England diocese covering the county of Devon. It is one of the largest dioceses in England. The Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter is the seat of the diocesan bishop, the Right Reverend Michael Langrish, Bishop of Exeter. It is part of the Province of...

 1396-99, and Bath & Wells
Diocese of Bath and Wells
The Diocese of Bath and Wells is a diocese in the Church of England Province of Canterbury in England.The diocese covers the county of Somerset and a small area of Dorset. The Episcopal seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells is located in the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the tiny city of...

 1400; died after 1400
1395 1400 Comedinus Mac Brádaigh Appointed on 20 October 1395 and consecrated after 19 August 1396; died before February 1400; also known as Gilbert MacBrady
1400 1416 Adam Leyns, O.P. Appointed on 15 February 1400; died June 1416
1416 1423 Conchobhar Ó Fearghail Elected after June 1416; appointed on 17 February 1418; consecrated on 3 February 1419; died in 1423; also known as Cornelius O'Ferrall
1425 1444 Risdeárd Ó Fearghail, O.Cist. Elected before January 1425; appointed on 11 January 1425; consecrated after 25 May 1425; died circa June 1444; also recorded as Richard O'Ferrall
1444 1445 Mac Muircheartaigh Elected in 1444, but not consecrated; resigned in 1455; also known as MacMurtry
1445 c.1462 Cormac Mác Shamhradháin, O.S.A. Appointed on 6 November 1444; consecrated after 19 February 1445; resigned circa 1462
1462 Seaán Ó Fearghail Appointed on 30 July, but blocked on 26 November 1462; also known as John O'Ferrall
1467 1469 Donatus Ó Fearghail Appointed on 12 October 1467; died before 28 July 1469
1467 1479 Seaán Ó Fearghail (again) Appointed (again) on 28 July 1469; died before 1479
1482 1516 Uilliam Ó Fearghail, O.Cist. Appointed on 4 August 1480 and consecrated on 11 August 1482; died in 1516; also known as William O'Ferrall
1517 1540 Ruaidhrí Ó Máel Eóin Appointed on 14 December 1517; died in 1540; also known as Roger O'Melline or Rory O'Malone

Church of Ireland succession

Church of Ireland Bishops of Ardagh
From Until Incumbent Notes
1541 1553 Richard O'Ferrall Nominated on 2 May 1541 and consecrated on 22 April 1542; died 1553
1553 c.1572 Patrick MacMahon, O.F.M.  Appointed as the Roman Catholic bishop on 14 November 1541, and recognized as the Church of Ireland bishop when the two successions were reunited in the reign of Queen Mary I
Mary I of England
Mary I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death.She was the only surviving child born of the ill-fated marriage of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon. Her younger half-brother, Edward VI, succeeded Henry in 1547...

; died circa 1572
1572 (John Garvey
John Garvey (archbishop)
John Garvey was an Irish Protestant bishop of Kilmore and archbishop of Armagh.-Life:He was eldest son of John O'Garvey of Morisk, County Mayo, born in County Kilkenny. He was educated at the University of Oxford, graduating in the reign of Edward VI...

)
Nominated on 6 November 1572, but never consecrated; later became Bishop of Kilmore
Bishop of Kilmore
The Bishop of Kilmore is an episcopal title which takes its name after the parish of Kilmore in County Cavan, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.-History:...

 in 1585, and Archbishop of Armagh
Archbishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland)
The Anglican Archbishop of Armagh is the ecclesiastical head of the Church of Ireland, the metropolitan of the Province of Armagh and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Armagh....

 in 1589
1572 1583 See
Episcopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...

 vacant
1583 1601 Lysach O'Ferrall Nominated on 4 November 1583; died before 26 April 1601
1604 1633 See part of the united bishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh
The Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh was the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland diocese of Kilmore and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh. The Diocese of Kilmore comprised most of County Cavan and parts of counties Leitrim, Fermanagh, Meath and Sligo...

1633 1654 John Richardson, D.D. Nominated on 8 April and consecrated in September 1633; also was Archdeacon of Derry 1622–34, then Archdeacon of Down 1639–54; left Ireland before the Rebellion of 1641
Irish Rebellion of 1641
The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup d'état by Irish Catholic gentry, who tried to seize control of the English administration in Ireland to force concessions for the Catholics living under English rule...

; died in London on 11 August 1654
1654 1661 See
Episcopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...

 vacant
1661 1692 See part of the united bishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh
The Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh was the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland diocese of Kilmore and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh. The Diocese of Kilmore comprised most of County Cavan and parts of counties Leitrim, Fermanagh, Meath and Sligo...

1692 Ulysses Burgh, D.D. Previously Dean
Dean (religion)
A dean, in a church context, is a cleric holding certain positions of authority within a religious hierarchy. The title is used mainly in the Anglican Communion and the Roman Catholic Church.-Anglican Communion:...

 of Emly
Emly
Emly or Emlybeg is a village in South Tipperary, Ireland. It is a civil parish in the historical barony of Clanwilliam. It is also an Ecclesiastical parish in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly....

 Cathedral; nominated bishop of Ardagh on 7 April and appointed by letters patent
Letters patent
Letters patent are a type of legal instrument in the form of a published written order issued by a monarch or president, generally granting an office, right, monopoly, title, or status to a person or corporation...

 on 8 September 1692; consecated at Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
Christ Church Cathedral is the cathedral of the United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the cathedral of the Ecclesiastical province of the United Provinces of Dublin and Cashel in the Church of Ireland...

 on 11 September 1692; died later in the same year
1693 1742 See part of the united bishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh
The Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh was the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland diocese of Kilmore and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh. The Diocese of Kilmore comprised most of County Cavan and parts of counties Leitrim, Fermanagh, Meath and Sligo...

1742 1839 See part of the archbishopric of Tuam
Archbishop of Tuam
The Archbishop of Tuam is an archiepiscopal title which takes its name after the town of Tuam in County Galway, Ireland. The title was used by the Church of Ireland until 1839, and is still in use by the Roman Catholic Church.-History:...

1839 1841 See part of the united bishopric of Kilmore and Ardagh
Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh
The Bishop of Kilmore and Ardagh was the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland diocese of Kilmore and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh. The Diocese of Kilmore comprised most of County Cavan and parts of counties Leitrim, Fermanagh, Meath and Sligo...

Since 1841, Ardagh has been part of the united bishopric of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh
Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh
The Bishop of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh is the Ordinary of the Church of Ireland Diocese of Kilmore, Elphin and Ardagh in the Province of Armagh....

.

Roman Catholic succession

Roman Catholic Bishops of Ardagh
From Until Incumbent Notes
1541 c.1572 Patrick MacMahon, O.F.M.  Appointed on 14 November 1541; recognized Church of Ireland bishop in the reign of Queen Mary I
Mary I of England
Mary I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death.She was the only surviving child born of the ill-fated marriage of Henry VIII and his first wife Catherine of Aragon. Her younger half-brother, Edward VI, succeeded Henry in 1547...

; died circa 1572
c.1572 1576 See vacant
1576 1580 Richard Brady, O.F.M. Appointed on 23 January 1576; translated to Kilmore
Bishop of Kilmore
The Bishop of Kilmore is an episcopal title which takes its name after the parish of Kilmore in County Cavan, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.-History:...

 on 9 March 1580
1581 1587 Edmund MacGauran Appointed on 11 September 1581; translated to Armagh
Archbishop of Armagh
The Archbishop of Armagh is the title of the presiding ecclesiastical figure of each of the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland in the region around Armagh in Northern Ireland...

 on 1 July 1587
1580 1622 See vacant
1622 c.1637 John Gaffney Appointed Vicar Apostolic
Apostolic vicariate
An apostolic vicariate is a form of territorial jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Church established in missionary regions and countries that do not have a diocese. It is essentially provisional, though it may last for a century or more...

 of Ardagh by papal brief
Papal brief
The Papal Brief is a formal document emanating from the Pope, in a somewhat simpler and more modern form than a Papal Bull.-History:The introduction of briefs, which occurred at the beginning of the pontificate of Pope Eugenius IV , was clearly prompted for the same desire for greater simplicity...

 14 January 1622; died circa 1637
1637 unknown Cornelius Gaffney Named Vicar General
Vicar general
A vicar general is the principal deputy of the bishop of a diocese for the exercise of administrative authority. As vicar of the bishop, the vicar general exercises the bishop's ordinary executive power over the entire diocese and, thus, is the highest official in a diocese or other particular...

, but no record of a papal brief appointing him Vicar Apostolic; remained as vicar general during the episcopate of Patrick Plunket
1647 1669 Patrick Plunkett, O.Cist. Appointed on 11 March 1647; consecrated in March 1648; left Ireland circa 1652 and did not return until 1664; translated to Meath
Bishop of Meath
The Bishop of Meath is an episcopal title which takes its name after the ancient Kingdom of Meath. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains as a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with another bishopric.-History:...

 on 11 January 1669
1669 1683 Gerard Farrell Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh by papal brief on 31 July 1669; died in June 1683
1688 unknown Gregory Fallon Appointed Apostolic Administrator
Apostolic Administrator
An apostolic administrator in the Roman Catholic Church is a prelate appointed by the Pope to serve as the ordinary for an apostolic administration...

 of Ardagh and Bishop of Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Clonmacnoise was the ordinary of the Roman Catholic episcopal see based at Clonmacnoise, County Offaly, Ireland. The bishops of Clonmacnoise appear in the records for the first time in the 9th century, although inferior in status to the Abbot of Clonmacnoise until the reformation of the...

; proposed on 17 May 1688; appointed by papal brief on 1 July 1697; died circa 1698
1696 unknown Charles Tiernan Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh by papal brief on 6 July 1696
1699 unknown Bernard Donogher Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh by papal brief on 20 August 1699
1709 1711 Ambrose O'Conor Appointed Vicar Apostolic of Ardagh; proposed on 16 June 1709, but never consecrated; died on 20 February 1711
1718 1730 Thomas Flynn Appointed on 18 May 1718; consecrated on 15 July 1718; died on 29 January 1730
1730 1739 Peter Mulligan, O.E.S.A.  Appointed in September 1730; papal brief on 9 May 1732; died on 23 July 1739
1739 1747 Thomas O’Beirne Appointed on 19 September 1739; died in February 1747
1747 1751 Thomas MacDermot Roe Appointed on 8 May 1747; died in February 1751
1751 1756 Augustine Cheevers, O.S.A.
Augustinians
The term Augustinians, named after Saint Augustine of Hippo , applies to two separate and unrelated types of Catholic religious orders:...

 
Appointed on 17 July 1751; translated to Meath
Bishop of Meath
The Bishop of Meath is an episcopal title which takes its name after the ancient Kingdom of Meath. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains as a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with another bishopric.-History:...

 on 7 August 1756
On 30 May 1756, Ardagh united with Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Clonmacnoise was the ordinary of the Roman Catholic episcopal see based at Clonmacnoise, County Offaly, Ireland. The bishops of Clonmacnoise appear in the records for the first time in the 9th century, although inferior in status to the Abbot of Clonmacnoise until the reformation of the...

 to form the bishopric of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise
Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise
The Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise, one of the suffragan dioceses of the Archdiocese of Armagh...


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