Birendranath Sasmal
Encyclopedia
Birendranath Sasmal was a lawyer and political leader. He was known as Deshparan because of his work for the country and for his efforts in the Swadeshi movement
.
family at Chandiveti, a village a few miles from Contai
, in undivided Midnapore
district. His father’s name was Biswambhar Sasmal and mother’s Anandamoyee. He passed the Entrance Examination in 1900 and got admission into Ripon College
of Calcutta for higher education. After finishing his college he went to England to study law. He returned India after being a barrister
.
and Biren Sasmal started protested against it. He toured the region and organised protest movements. The proposal for partition was withdrawn.
He started practising law at Calcutta High Court
in 1904. In 1913 leaving Calcutta High Court, Birendranath practiced in Midnapore District Court for a few years but later he again joined the High Court. In the High Court, he defended the accused in the Chittagong Armed Robbery
case (the first organized armed struggle for independence after 1857). He was jailed for nine month by British Raj
for calling a general strike during the visit of King George V
to British India. During his stay at Presidency Jail he wrote his autobiography named Sroter Trina.
programme was passed. Chittaranjan Das
was the President of Bengal Congress and Birendranath was its Secretary.
. At the request of Pandit Madan Mohan Malavia, he contested in Central Legislative Assembly
election from a two–district seat of Burdwan division and won it but he had breathed his last before the result was announced.
He died from heart attack at the age of 53.
Swadeshi movement
The Swadeshi movement, part of the Indian independence movement, was an economic strategy aimed at removing the British Empire from power and improving economic conditions in India by following the principles of swadeshi , which had some success...
.
Early life
Birendranath Sasmal was born to a zamindarZamindar
A Zamindar or zemindar , was an aristocrat, typically hereditary, who held enormous tracts of land and ruled over and taxed the bhikaaris who lived on batavaslam. Over time, they took princely and royal titles such as Maharaja , Raja , Nawab , and Mirza , Chowdhury , among others...
family at Chandiveti, a village a few miles from Contai
Contai
Contai is head quarters of Contai subdivision in Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. There are three community development blocks in Contai.- History :...
, in undivided Midnapore
Midnapore
Midnapore is the district headquarters of Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal. It is situated on the banks of the Kangsabati River . This area had taken a pioneering role in India's freedom struggle...
district. His father’s name was Biswambhar Sasmal and mother’s Anandamoyee. He passed the Entrance Examination in 1900 and got admission into Ripon College
Surendranath College
Surendranath College is an undergraduate college affiliated to the University of Calcutta, in Kolkata, India. It was founded in 1884 by the nationalist leader Surendranath Banerjea....
of Calcutta for higher education. After finishing his college he went to England to study law. He returned India after being a barrister
Barrister
A barrister is a member of one of the two classes of lawyer found in many common law jurisdictions with split legal professions. Barristers specialise in courtroom advocacy, drafting legal pleadings and giving expert legal opinions...
.
Revolutionary Activities
For political reasons, Midnapore district was proposed to divided into two by British RajBritish Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
and Biren Sasmal started protested against it. He toured the region and organised protest movements. The proposal for partition was withdrawn.
He started practising law at Calcutta High Court
Calcutta High Court
The Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India. It was established as the High Court of Judicature at Fort William on 1 July 1862 under the High Courts Act, 1861. It has jurisdiction over the state of West Bengal and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The High Court...
in 1904. In 1913 leaving Calcutta High Court, Birendranath practiced in Midnapore District Court for a few years but later he again joined the High Court. In the High Court, he defended the accused in the Chittagong Armed Robbery
Chittagong armoury raid
The Chittagong armoury raid was an attempt on April 18, 1930 to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury in Bengal province of British India, by armed revolutionaries led by Surya Sen....
case (the first organized armed struggle for independence after 1857). He was jailed for nine month by British Raj
British Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
for calling a general strike during the visit of King George V
George V of the United Kingdom
George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
to British India. During his stay at Presidency Jail he wrote his autobiography named Sroter Trina.
Non-Cooperation Movement(1920)
In Nagpur Congress in 1920, non-cooperationNon-cooperation movement
The non-cooperation movement was a significant phase of the Indian struggle for freedom from British rule which lasted for years. This movement, which lasted from September 1920 to February 1922 and was led by Mohandas Gandhi, and supported by the Indian National Congress. It aimed to resist...
programme was passed. Chittaranjan Das
Chittaranjan Das
Chittaranjan Das was an eminent Bengali lawyer and a major figure in the Indian independence movement.-Personal life:...
was the President of Bengal Congress and Birendranath was its Secretary.
No-Tax Movement (1920–1922 )
Bengal Village Self Government Act was passed in 1919. According to that law, 227 Union Boards were formed in the district.Birendranath took up the cause of his people, and plunged into Boycott Movement. He declared that he would walk on bare feet until the Union Boards were not done away with. On 17 December 1921, 226 Union Boards were abolished and the last one was abolished the next year.In a gathering, with loud cheers, people put shoes on the feet of their leader.Labon Satyagraha (1930)
Birendranath’s was also involved in the movement. His followers took active part in organizing people. Satyagrahis came to Narghat and Pichhhaboni to break Salt Law by peaceful means. The Satyagraha assumed the form of a mass movement in the area.Election to Calcutta Corporation & Central Legislative Assembly & Death (1933-1934)
In 1933, Birendranath was elected to Calcutta CorporationKolkata Municipal Corporation
Kolkata Municipal Corporation is responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the city of Kolkata. The organization is known, in short, as KMC . This civic administrative body administers an area of 185 sq. km. Its motto, Purosree Bibardhan, is inscribed on its emblem in Bengali...
. At the request of Pandit Madan Mohan Malavia, he contested in Central Legislative Assembly
Central Legislative Assembly
The Central Legislative Assembly was a legislature for India created by the Government of India Act 1919 from the former Imperial Legislative Council, implementing the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms...
election from a two–district seat of Burdwan division and won it but he had breathed his last before the result was announced.
He died from heart attack at the age of 53.
External links
- Bio - BanglapediaBanglapediaBanglapedia, or the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, is the first Bangladeshi encyclopedia. It is available in print, CD-ROM format and online, in both Bangla and English. The print version comprises ten 500-page volumes...
- Deshparan Birendranath Sasmal