Bhuiyar
Encyclopedia
The Bhuiyar or Bhuyiar are a Hindu
caste
found in North India
, and those in Uttar Pradesh
, Delhi
have scheduled caste status. They are also known as Bhanyar Julaha; Kabirpanthi and Kori. The traditional occupation of Bhuiyar Caste is weaving. But gradually the occupation ended with the arrival of weaving machines.
tribesmen who settled in southern and Western Uttar Pradesh
in the 16th Century. They were a community that historically were involved with weaving
and some were involved slash and burn
agriculture, and occupied the hilly terrain of south Mirzapur District
. The Bhuiyar are further divided into sub-divisions, which are referred to as kori. Their main kuris are the Baria, Birkunia, Chandnihys, Chetrihya, Chiriha, Dioriya, Khutta, Parha, Patparaha and Sudha. They are strictly endogamous
, and practice clan exogamy
. The Bhuiyar are found in the districts of Bijnor
, Moradabad
, Saharanpur
, Muzaffarnagar
, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Haridwar
, Dehradun
, Sonbhadra, Mirzapur
, and now speak Hindi, having long forgotten their Munda language.
" A different view in the perspective of bhuiyar are presented by some notable writer of Rajputana and rajasthan.According to the book publised as the "caste of khsatiraya" or khsatriya jatiyon ki suchi from bahadur singh bidasar , it is clearly mentioned that bhuiyar is caste /breed of rajput in old days which is also approved by Govt of india.
It was mentioned in a book name BHUMI KHSATRIYA SAMAJ by Mr. Agrawat, he presented a descriptive study that every clan of bhuiyar samaj is matched with rajput and even most of the gotra used by bhuiyar samaj is just a vansh in rajputs.
practices have disappeared. Most Bhuiyar are small and medium sized farmers, with a minority being employed as agricultural labourers and some even own their business, who decided to settle in cities. With the economic upliftment and new job opportunities, more are preferring to settle in a city for better education for their kids. Joining theIndian Army is still one of the hot pursuits in young kids from this community.
Many are now also employed in the mines that have appeared in Mirzapur District
. They live in multi-caste villages, occupying their own distinct quarters. They have much in common with neighbouring tribal communities such as the Kol, Agariya
and Chero
. Each of their settlement contains an informal caste
council, known as a biradari panchayat(बिरादरी पंचायत). The panchayat acts as instrument of social control, dealing with issues such as divorce and adultery.
(भामड़ा), Parwar,Narwal, Kankarwal, Agrawal, Bagwal, Gondwal, Uparwal, Jag, Doodhwal, Mahetiyan, Khagaran, Khapriyan, Vashiyan, Mukaryan, Kakran, Bharwan, Baliyan, Taryan, Taharyan, Ashiyan, Tedewal, Kait, Dharwal, Deshwal, Bhagwal, Peetwal, Jayashwal, Jurwal, Granthiwal, Kachhwal, Teetwal, Galyan, Taharan, Adayan, Jaityan, Fariyan, Loeewal, Vojyan, Kritiyan, Amyan, Chaudhrana, Gurjarvan, Kadyan, Dhhidival, Bhal, Maithyan, Puniyan, Charvahan, Badgujar, Metram, Bhagla, Kashyap, Vaijran, Jagpal, Katariya, Dahiya, Kankhana, Saroha, Kankarwal, Muwal, Dhangad, Sidhauliya, Doniyal, Narwal, Mahalwan, Monchhwal, Panwar,Kachhwaha, Rathee, Bhadbhujar, Bagala, Gaud, Bhadbhuja, Fariyan, Dulaniya, Tomar, Karne, Dhhakran, Sadhhiyan, Gogyan, Roliyan, Chhajara, Bangujar, Gogwal, Chaupra, Bhahal, Barne.
ज्यों उलझै सूत को, सुलझावै भुइयार |
उसने भी यह गुर, पाया सदगुरू द्वार || (कबीर ज्यो. से)
Jyon ulajhai sut ko, sulajhavai bhuiyar |
Usane bhee yaha gur, paya sadaguru dwar|| (From Kabir Jyoti)
जिस तरह् टूटे सूत से, कपड़ा बुने भुइयार |
उसी तरह से सदगुरू, बनावै उच्च विचार || (कबीर ज्यो. से)
Jis tarah tute suta se, kapada bune bhuiyar |
Usi tarah se sadguru, banavai uchcha vichar|| (From Kabir Jyoti)
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
caste
Caste
Caste is an elaborate and complex social system that combines elements of endogamy, occupation, culture, social class, tribal affiliation and political power. It should not be confused with race or social class, e.g. members of different castes in one society may belong to the same race, as in India...
found in North India
North India
North India, known natively as Uttar Bhārat or Shumālī Hindustān , is a loosely defined region in the northern part of India. The exact meaning of the term varies by usage...
, and those in Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
, Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
have scheduled caste status. They are also known as Bhanyar Julaha; Kabirpanthi and Kori. The traditional occupation of Bhuiyar Caste is weaving. But gradually the occupation ended with the arrival of weaving machines.
Origin
The word Bhuiyar is a corruption of the word bhumi hara, which in Hindi means a landowner. They are group of MundaMunda people
The Munda are tribal people of the Chota Nagpur Plateau region.They are found across Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Assam states of India, and into parts of Bangladesh...
tribesmen who settled in southern and Western Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
in the 16th Century. They were a community that historically were involved with weaving
Weaving
Weaving is a method of fabric production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. The other methods are knitting, lace making and felting. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft or filling...
and some were involved slash and burn
Slash and burn
Slash-and-burn is an agricultural technique which involves cutting and burning of forests or woodlands to create fields. It is subsistence agriculture that typically uses little technology or other tools. It is typically part of shifting cultivation agriculture, and of transhumance livestock...
agriculture, and occupied the hilly terrain of south Mirzapur District
Mirzapur District
Mirzapur district is one of the 70 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The district is bounded on the north by Sant Ravidas Nagar and Varanasi districts, on the east by Chandauli district, on the south by Sonbhadra district and on the norhwest by Allahabad district. The district...
. The Bhuiyar are further divided into sub-divisions, which are referred to as kori. Their main kuris are the Baria, Birkunia, Chandnihys, Chetrihya, Chiriha, Dioriya, Khutta, Parha, Patparaha and Sudha. They are strictly endogamous
Endogamy
Endogamy is the practice of marrying within a specific ethnic group, class, or social group, rejecting others on such basis as being unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships. A Greek Orthodox Christian endogamist, for example, would require that a marriage be only with another...
, and practice clan exogamy
Exogamy
Exogamy is a social arrangement where marriage is allowed only outside of a social group. The social groups define the scope and extent of exogamy, and the rules and enforcement mechanisms that ensure its continuity. In social studies, exogamy is viewed as a combination of two related aspects:...
. The Bhuiyar are found in the districts of Bijnor
Bijnor
Bijnor variously spelt as Bijnaur and Bijnour, is a city and a municipal board in Bijnor district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India...
, Moradabad
Moradabad
Moradabad is a city and a municipal corporation in Moradabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It was established in 1600 by prince Murad, the son of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan; as a result the city came to be known as Moradabad. It is the administrative headquarters of...
, Saharanpur
Saharanpur
Saharanpur is a city and a Municipal Corporation in the state of Uttar Pradesh in northern India. It is the administrative headquarters of Saharanpur District as well as Saharanpur Division...
, Muzaffarnagar
Muzaffarnagar
Muzaffarnagar is a major city and a municipal board in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The city was established in Mughal period by a Sayyid Jagirdar, Munawar Lashkar Ali, and so named in honour of his father, Muzaffar Ali Khan. It is the headquarters of the Muzaffarnagar district. It is a...
, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Haridwar
Haridwar
Haridwar is an important pilgrimage city and municipality in the Haridwar district of Uttarakhand, India...
, Dehradun
Dehradun
- Geography :The Dehradun district has various types of physical geography from Himalayan mountains to Plains. Raiwala is the lowest point at 315 meters above sea level, and the highest points are within the Tiuni hills, rising to 3700 m above sea level...
, Sonbhadra, Mirzapur
Mirzapur District
Mirzapur district is one of the 70 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The district is bounded on the north by Sant Ravidas Nagar and Varanasi districts, on the east by Chandauli district, on the south by Sonbhadra district and on the norhwest by Allahabad district. The district...
, and now speak Hindi, having long forgotten their Munda language.
" A different view in the perspective of bhuiyar are presented by some notable writer of Rajputana and rajasthan.According to the book publised as the "caste of khsatiraya" or khsatriya jatiyon ki suchi from bahadur singh bidasar , it is clearly mentioned that bhuiyar is caste /breed of rajput in old days which is also approved by Govt of india.
It was mentioned in a book name BHUMI KHSATRIYA SAMAJ by Mr. Agrawat, he presented a descriptive study that every clan of bhuiyar samaj is matched with rajput and even most of the gotra used by bhuiyar samaj is just a vansh in rajputs.
Present Circumstances
The Bhuiyar are now a community of settled agriculturists. Their earlier slash and burnSlash and burn
Slash-and-burn is an agricultural technique which involves cutting and burning of forests or woodlands to create fields. It is subsistence agriculture that typically uses little technology or other tools. It is typically part of shifting cultivation agriculture, and of transhumance livestock...
practices have disappeared. Most Bhuiyar are small and medium sized farmers, with a minority being employed as agricultural labourers and some even own their business, who decided to settle in cities. With the economic upliftment and new job opportunities, more are preferring to settle in a city for better education for their kids. Joining theIndian Army is still one of the hot pursuits in young kids from this community.
Many are now also employed in the mines that have appeared in Mirzapur District
Mirzapur District
Mirzapur district is one of the 70 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The district is bounded on the north by Sant Ravidas Nagar and Varanasi districts, on the east by Chandauli district, on the south by Sonbhadra district and on the norhwest by Allahabad district. The district...
. They live in multi-caste villages, occupying their own distinct quarters. They have much in common with neighbouring tribal communities such as the Kol, Agariya
Agariya
The Agariya are one of the Scheduled Tribes of India. They live primarily in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Those in the vicinity of Mirzapur were involved in mining and smelting iron during the British Raj....
and Chero
Chero
The Chero are scheduled caste, found in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, in North India.-History and origin:The community claim to have originally been Chandravanshi Rajputs. Other members of the tribe claim to be Nagvanshi. The Chero are essentially one of many tribal communities, such as...
. Each of their settlement contains an informal caste
Caste
Caste is an elaborate and complex social system that combines elements of endogamy, occupation, culture, social class, tribal affiliation and political power. It should not be confused with race or social class, e.g. members of different castes in one society may belong to the same race, as in India...
council, known as a biradari panchayat(बिरादरी पंचायत). The panchayat acts as instrument of social control, dealing with issues such as divorce and adultery.
Bhuiyar Clans
The Bhuiyar caste clans(गौत्र) is BhamraBhamra
Bhamra is a Ramgarhia clan found in Punjab of Tarkhan caste. Bhamras originate from Punjab in northern India. Bhamras are mostly found in Ludhiana, Mohali, Chandigarh, Amritsar, Patiala, Chandigarh and Delhi...
(भामड़ा), Parwar,Narwal, Kankarwal, Agrawal, Bagwal, Gondwal, Uparwal, Jag, Doodhwal, Mahetiyan, Khagaran, Khapriyan, Vashiyan, Mukaryan, Kakran, Bharwan, Baliyan, Taryan, Taharyan, Ashiyan, Tedewal, Kait, Dharwal, Deshwal, Bhagwal, Peetwal, Jayashwal, Jurwal, Granthiwal, Kachhwal, Teetwal, Galyan, Taharan, Adayan, Jaityan, Fariyan, Loeewal, Vojyan, Kritiyan, Amyan, Chaudhrana, Gurjarvan, Kadyan, Dhhidival, Bhal, Maithyan, Puniyan, Charvahan, Badgujar, Metram, Bhagla, Kashyap, Vaijran, Jagpal, Katariya, Dahiya, Kankhana, Saroha, Kankarwal, Muwal, Dhangad, Sidhauliya, Doniyal, Narwal, Mahalwan, Monchhwal, Panwar,Kachhwaha, Rathee, Bhadbhujar, Bagala, Gaud, Bhadbhuja, Fariyan, Dulaniya, Tomar, Karne, Dhhakran, Sadhhiyan, Gogyan, Roliyan, Chhajara, Bangujar, Gogwal, Chaupra, Bhahal, Barne.
Follower
Bhuiyar society mainly is follower of Kabir Saheb. Kabir is also described in his couplets.ज्यों उलझै सूत को, सुलझावै भुइयार |
उसने भी यह गुर, पाया सदगुरू द्वार || (कबीर ज्यो. से)
Jyon ulajhai sut ko, sulajhavai bhuiyar |
Usane bhee yaha gur, paya sadaguru dwar|| (From Kabir Jyoti)
जिस तरह् टूटे सूत से, कपड़ा बुने भुइयार |
उसी तरह से सदगुरू, बनावै उच्च विचार || (कबीर ज्यो. से)
Jis tarah tute suta se, kapada bune bhuiyar |
Usi tarah se sadguru, banavai uchcha vichar|| (From Kabir Jyoti)
See also
There are some other castes of weavers in India.- KoriKori (people)The Kori are a Hindu caste, found mainly in North India, who are traditional associated with weaving. They are known as Bhuiyar in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Uttarakhand and Koli in Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh.- History :...
- KoshtaKoshtaThe Koshta are a Hindu caste found in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in India. They are also known as Kesri, which is also used as a surname.- Origin :...
in South U.P. - TattamaTattama- Origin :The Tattama are one of the traditional weaving castes of south Bihar and Jharkhand. According to their traditions, they are descended from the sweat of the Hindu god Shiva. They are have three sub-divisions, the Kanaujiya, Maghaiya and Tirhutia...
in South BiharBiharBihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India....
and JharkhandJharkhandJharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east... - MundaMunda peopleThe Munda are tribal people of the Chota Nagpur Plateau region.They are found across Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Assam states of India, and into parts of Bangladesh...
- TantiTanti- Origin :The word tanti is derived from the Hindi word tant, which means a loom. They were traditionally weavers, and are one of the many communities found in South Asia, traditionally associated with this craft. According to their trafitions, they were created by the Hindu god Shiva from his tears...
or Tantwa in BiharBiharBihar is a state in eastern India. It is the 12th largest state in terms of geographical size at and 3rd largest by population. Almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, which is the highest proportion in India.... - SaliyaSaliyaSaliya is a Malayali caste. Their traditional occupation was that of weaving and they are found mostly in the regions of northern Kerala and southern coastal Karnataka, India.-Origins:...
in KeralaKeralaor Keralam is an Indian state located on the Malabar coast of south-west India. It was created on 1 November 1956 by the States Reorganisation Act by combining various Malayalam speaking regions....
and KarnatakaKarnatakaKarnataka , the land of the Kannadigas, is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act and this day is annually celebrated as Karnataka Rajyotsava... - VankarVankarThe Vankar are a Hindu caste found in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in India." Vankar " means weaver and treders of clothes.Vankar community is famous for making silk clothes...
, SalviSalviSalvi may refer to:* Salvi a Hindu caste found in Maharashtra, IndiaPeople with the given name Salvi:* Giovanni Battista Salvi da Sassoferrato , Italian painter* Salvi Castellucci , Italian painter...
in GujratGujratGujrat is a city in Pakistan. It is the capital of Gujrat District and the Gujrat Tehsil subdivision in the Punjab Province. People living in Gujrat refer to themselves as Gujratis, which sometimes leads to confusion with people from the Indian state of Gujarat which adjoins Pakistan... - AdaviyarAdaviyarAdaviyar or Ataviyar is the name of a community of Tamil weavers from Thanjavur and Tirunelveli districts.- References :...
, PatnulkararPatnulkararPatnūlkaras are a Hindu community of weavers from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. They are generally of Gujarati origin.- History :The word Patnūlkaran means "silk-thread people". These people are first mentioned as Pattavayaka, the Sanskrit equivalent of Patnulkaran in the Mandasor inscriptions of...
in Tamil Nadu - DevangaDevangaDevengas are a community from South India that traditionally followed the occupation of weaving. Some Devangas consider themselves to be Brahmins, while most others classify themselves as Vaishyas.-Origins, location and languages:...
, PattariyarPattariyarPattariyar is a community found in South India. They are one of the principal weaving castes of South India. The titles of the community are Pillai, Mudaliar or Shetty-Etymology:...
South Indian Weaver - DewanganDewanganDewangan is a Chattisgarhi caste of weavers of silk and fine cotton cloth....
in Chattisgarh - MeghwalMeghwalThe Megh , Meghwal or Meghwar people live primarily in northwest India, with a small population in Pakistan. As of 2008, their total population was estimated at 2,807,000, of whom 2,760,000 lived in India...