Battle of Alexandropol
Encyclopedia
The Battle of Alexandropol was a conflict between the Democratic Republic of Armenia (DRA) and Turkish Revolutionaries of the Turkish National Movement
which was on November 7, 1920 at Alexandropol
.
and northwestern Armenia
.
's forces launched a massive campaign on Kars. Rather than fighting for the city, the Armenians abandoned Kars which by October 30 came under full Turkish occupation. Alexandropol was occupied by Turkish troops on November 7. Turkish troops were withrawn from her after Treaty of Kars
.
was a peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and TBMM ending the Turkish-Armenian War
, before decleration of the Republic of Turkey on December 2, 1920. Armenian was forced to renounce the Treaty of Sèvres
and cede over 50% of her claimed territory to Turkey. The treaty was to be ratified by the government within a month. This did not take place due to the Soviet
occupation of Armenia and in 1921 was replaced with the Treaty of Kars
.
Turkish National Movement
The Turkish National Movement encompasses the political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries which resulted in the creation and shaping of the Republic of Turkey, as a consequence of the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I....
which was on November 7, 1920 at Alexandropol
Gyumri
Gyumri is the capital and largest city of the Shirak Province in northwest Armenia. It is located about 120 km from the capital Yerevan, and, with a population of 168,918 , is the second-largest city in Armenia.The name of the city has been changed many times in history...
.
Background
The Turkish-Armenian War was a conflict fought between the Republic of Armenia (DRA) and Turkish Revolutionaries of the Turkish National Movement which lasted from 24 September to 2 December 1920 and largely took place in present-day northeastern TurkeyTurkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
and northwestern Armenia
Armenia
Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
.
Active Stage
On October 24, KarabekirKazim Karabekir
Musa Kâzım Karabekir was a Turkish general and politician. He was commander of the Eastern Army in the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I and served as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey before his death.-Early years:Karabekir was born in 1882 as the son of an Ottoman General,...
's forces launched a massive campaign on Kars. Rather than fighting for the city, the Armenians abandoned Kars which by October 30 came under full Turkish occupation. Alexandropol was occupied by Turkish troops on November 7. Turkish troops were withrawn from her after Treaty of Kars
Treaty of Kars
The Treaty of Kars was a "friendship" treaty signed in Kars on October 13, 1921 and ratified in Yerevan on September 11 1922.Signatories included representatives from the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which in 1923 would declare the Republic of Turkey, and also from Soviet Armenia, Soviet...
.
Results
The Treaty of AlexandropolTreaty of Alexandropol
The Treaty of Alexandropol was a peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey ending the Turkish-Armenian War, signed on December 2, 1920, before the declaration of the Republic of Turkey. It was the first treaty signed by Turkish...
was a peace treaty between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and TBMM ending the Turkish-Armenian War
Turkish-Armenian War
The Turkish–Armenian War stemmed from an invasion of the Democratic Republic of Armenia by the Turkish Revolutionaries of the Turkish National Movement in the autumn of 1920...
, before decleration of the Republic of Turkey on December 2, 1920. Armenian was forced to renounce the Treaty of Sèvres
Treaty of Sèvres
The Treaty of Sèvres was the peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Allies at the end of World War I. The Treaty of Versailles was signed with Germany before this treaty to annul the German concessions including the economic rights and enterprises. Also, France, Great Britain and Italy...
and cede over 50% of her claimed territory to Turkey. The treaty was to be ratified by the government within a month. This did not take place due to the Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
occupation of Armenia and in 1921 was replaced with the Treaty of Kars
Treaty of Kars
The Treaty of Kars was a "friendship" treaty signed in Kars on October 13, 1921 and ratified in Yerevan on September 11 1922.Signatories included representatives from the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which in 1923 would declare the Republic of Turkey, and also from Soviet Armenia, Soviet...
.