Avdo Humo
Encyclopedia
Avdo Humo was a Yugoslav and Bosnian
communist politician, writer and a Order of the People's Hero recipient.
He is prominent because of his commitment for equality of Muslims
in Bosnia and Herzegovina and for his opposition to Serbian domination in the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He also accused most responsible leaders of the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the establishment of "undemocratic relations" and the introduction of a "strong-arm" led regime.
on February 1, 1914. He joined the revolutionary movement while he attended high school in gymnasium in Mostar. Because he was expelled from the gymnasium in Mostar, he continued his education in Bihać
. Subsequently, he enrolled the University of Belgrade
Faculty of Philology
, where he obtained a degree in world and Yugoslav literature. At the University, he was one of the organizers and participants in actions of the socialist-oriented students. He became a member of SKOJ
in 1934 and a member of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in 1935.
He organized students of Bosnia and Herzegovina into the "Petar Kočić
" youth society and the "Neretva" section where members of Communist Party were also active.
Humo was one of the most prominent party members before World War II. In 1940 he became a member of the Regional Committee of Communist Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was also one of the resistance organizers in Herzegovina
against Axis forces. Because he was educated and well read, Humo was nicknamed "Kulturni" by his comrades. Listening to command he moved to Sarajevo
and continued his activity there. As the party's Vice-President he participated in the First and Second Assembly of ZAVNOBiH
. He was also a member of the AVNOJ
.
Humo started a newspaper named "Oslobođenje" (Liberation).
Humo served on various party and state positions, including as the President of the Executive Council of PR Bosnia and Herzegovina (de facto Prime Minister). He was proclaimed People's Hero of Yugoslavia
on November 27, 1953. In 1972 Humo was dismissed along with Osman Karabegović
from their posts for alleged Muslim "exclusivism" and "nationalism."
Avdo Humo died on January 24, 1983 in Opatija
, Croatia
.
, a prominent politician of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
and former President of the Assembly of the League of Nations
. His wife was a secretary of Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito
through the war. Hamza Humo, a famous Bosnian writer, was his uncle.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
communist politician, writer and a Order of the People's Hero recipient.
He is prominent because of his commitment for equality of Muslims
Muslims by nationality
Muslims by nationality was a term used in Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia as an official designation of nationality of Slavic Muslims. They were one of the constitutive groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina...
in Bosnia and Herzegovina and for his opposition to Serbian domination in the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He also accused most responsible leaders of the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the establishment of "undemocratic relations" and the introduction of a "strong-arm" led regime.
Biography
Humo was born in MostarMostar
Mostar is a city and municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the largest and one of the most important cities in the Herzegovina region and the center of the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation. Mostar is situated on the Neretva river and is the fifth-largest city in the country...
on February 1, 1914. He joined the revolutionary movement while he attended high school in gymnasium in Mostar. Because he was expelled from the gymnasium in Mostar, he continued his education in Bihać
Bihac
Bihać is a city and municipality on the river Una in the north-western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the Bosanska Krajina region. Bihać is located in the Una-Sana Canton in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.-History:...
. Subsequently, he enrolled the University of Belgrade
University of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade is the oldest and largest university of Serbia.Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, by 1838 it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments into a single university...
Faculty of Philology
University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology
The Faculty of Philology is one of the constituent schools of the University of Belgrade. The school's purpose is to train and educate its students in the academic study or practice in linguistics and philology.-History:...
, where he obtained a degree in world and Yugoslav literature. At the University, he was one of the organizers and participants in actions of the socialist-oriented students. He became a member of SKOJ
Skoj
Skoj is a cider-based soft drink, manufactured by the Swedish Skoj Beverage Group. Skoj is the Swedish word for fun.Skoj is 15 percent fruit juice sweetened with sugar...
in 1934 and a member of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in 1935.
He organized students of Bosnia and Herzegovina into the "Petar Kočić
Petar Kocic
Petar Kočić was a Serb prose writer and politician from Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was active in the Serbian National Organization with ties to the Mlada Bosna revolutionaries, after which he seceded with his closest supporters leading a wing under his leadership.Like both Borisav Stanković, who...
" youth society and the "Neretva" section where members of Communist Party were also active.
Humo was one of the most prominent party members before World War II. In 1940 he became a member of the Regional Committee of Communist Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was also one of the resistance organizers in Herzegovina
Herzegovina
Herzegovina is the southern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. While there is no official border distinguishing it from the Bosnian region, it is generally accepted that the borders of the region are Croatia to the west, Montenegro to the south, the canton boundaries of the Herzegovina-Neretva...
against Axis forces. Because he was educated and well read, Humo was nicknamed "Kulturni" by his comrades. Listening to command he moved to Sarajevo
Sarajevo
Sarajevo |Bosnia]], surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans....
and continued his activity there. As the party's Vice-President he participated in the First and Second Assembly of ZAVNOBiH
ZAVNOBiH
The National Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed as the highest governing organ of the anti-fascist movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina and during World War II developed to be bearer of Bosnian statehood...
. He was also a member of the AVNOJ
AVNOJ
The Anti-Fascist Council of the People's Liberation of Yugoslavia, known more commonly by its Yugoslav abbreviation AVNOJ, was the political umbrella organization for the national liberation councils of the Yugoslav resistance against the World War II Axis occupation, eventually becoming the...
.
Humo started a newspaper named "Oslobođenje" (Liberation).
Humo served on various party and state positions, including as the President of the Executive Council of PR Bosnia and Herzegovina (de facto Prime Minister). He was proclaimed People's Hero of Yugoslavia
People's Hero of Yugoslavia
The Order of the People's Hero was a Yugoslav gallantry medal, the second highest military award, and third overall Yugoslav decoration. It was awarded to individuals, military units, political and other organisations who distinguished themselves by extraordinary heroic deeds during war and in...
on November 27, 1953. In 1972 Humo was dismissed along with Osman Karabegović
Osman Karabegović
Osman Karabegović was a Yugoslav and Bosnian communist politician and a Order of the People's Hero recipient...
from their posts for alleged Muslim "exclusivism" and "nationalism."
Avdo Humo died on January 24, 1983 in Opatija
Opatija
Opatija is a town in western Croatia, just southwest of Rijeka on the Adriatic coast. , the town proper had a population of 7,850, with the municipality having a total 12,719 inhabitants.-Geography:...
, Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
.
Personal life
Humo married Olga Ninčić, daughter of Momčilo NinčićMomcilo Nincic
Momčilo Ninčić was a Serbian politician and economist, and president of the League of Nations 1926-27.He finished school in law and completed a doctorate in Paris...
, a prominent politician of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a state stretching from the Western Balkans to Central Europe which existed during the often-tumultuous interwar era of 1918–1941...
and former President of the Assembly of the League of Nations
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
. His wife was a secretary of Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz Tito
Marshal Josip Broz Tito – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman. While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian, Tito was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad, viewed as a unifying symbol for the nations of the Yugoslav federation...
through the war. Hamza Humo, a famous Bosnian writer, was his uncle.