Augustus, Grand Duke of Oldenburg
Encyclopedia
Augustus, Grand Duke of Oldenburg (13 July 1783 – 27 February 1853) was the Grand Duke of Oldenburg from 1829 to 1853.
, a daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. He had one younger brother, Duke George of Oldenburg
, who was a year under him in age.
His father succeeded as Duke of Oldenburg in 1823 after his cousin William, Duke of Oldenburg died. Although Oldenburg had been elevated to a grand duchy, his father chose to use the lesser title of Duke instead making Augustus, his heir apparent, the Hereditary Prince rather than the Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg.
, Oldenburg, like many other German duchies, had been converted from a mere duchy to a grand duchy. Augustus was the first to use the title Grand Duke of Oldenburg.
and his wife Princess Amalie Charlotte of Nassau-Weilburg.
They had two children:
Princess Adelheid died in 1820.
They had one son, who would succeed Augustus as Grand Duke:
Princess Ida died in 1828.
. He had become Grand Duke two years earlier, making her the first Grand Duchess of Oldenburg.
They had three sons:
Family
Augustus was born to the then Prince Peter of Holstein-Gottorp and his wife Duchess Frederica of WürttembergDuchess Frederica of Württemberg
Duchess Frederica Elisabeth Amalie Auguste of Württemberg was a daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt.-Family:...
, a daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. He had one younger brother, Duke George of Oldenburg
Duke George of Oldenburg
Duke George of Oldenburg was a younger son of Peter I, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his wife Duchess Frederica of Württemberg. He was a son-in-law of Paul I of Russia through marriage to his daughter Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia...
, who was a year under him in age.
His father succeeded as Duke of Oldenburg in 1823 after his cousin William, Duke of Oldenburg died. Although Oldenburg had been elevated to a grand duchy, his father chose to use the lesser title of Duke instead making Augustus, his heir apparent, the Hereditary Prince rather than the Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg.
Reign
In 1815 at the Congress of ViennaCongress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September, 1814 to June, 1815. The objective of the Congress was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars,...
, Oldenburg, like many other German duchies, had been converted from a mere duchy to a grand duchy. Augustus was the first to use the title Grand Duke of Oldenburg.
Marriages
First
On 24 July 1817, Augustus married Princess Adelheid of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym. She was a daughter of Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-HoymVictor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Victor II Karl Frederick of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym , was a German prince of the House of Ascania from the Anhalt-Bernburg branch and a ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym.He was the eldest son of Karl Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, by his second...
and his wife Princess Amalie Charlotte of Nassau-Weilburg.
They had two children:
- Duchess Amalia of OldenburgAmalia of OldenburgAmalia of Oldenburg, Queen of Greece was the consort of King Otto of Greece . Born the daughter of Augustus, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and Princess Adelheid of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, she married King Otto on 22 December 1836, in Oldenburg...
(21 December 1818 - 20 May 1875); married Prince Otto of BavariaOtto of GreeceOtto, Prince of Bavaria, then Othon, King of Greece was made the first modern King of Greece in 1832 under the Convention of London, whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the Great Powers .The second son of the philhellene King Ludwig I of Bavaria, Otto ascended...
, the elected King of Greece, and thus became Queen consortQueen consortA queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...
of Greece. - Duchess Frederica of Oldenburg (8 June 1820 - 20 March 1891) married Jakob von WashingtonJakob von WashingtonBaron Jakob von Washington was a Lieutenant General in the Bavarian Army and a distant relative of US President George Washington. Born in The Hague, Netherlands, he was christened James Washington, but officially named Jacobus Washington...
. He was a distant relative of the first President of the United States George WashingtonGeorge WashingtonGeorge Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...
.
Princess Adelheid died in 1820.
Second
On 24 June 1825, Augustus married Princess Ida of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, a younger sister of his first wife.They had one son, who would succeed Augustus as Grand Duke:
- Nikolaus Friedrich PeterPeter II, Grand Duke of OldenburgPeter II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg was the ruler of Oldenburg from 1853 to 1900.-Family:Duke Nikolaus Friedrich Peter was the only son of Augustus, Grand Duke of Oldenburg by his second wife Princess Ida of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym. He was born on 8 July 1827 in Oldenburg. In his youth, he...
(8 July 1827 - 13 June 1900)
Princess Ida died in 1828.
Third
On 5 May 1831, Augustus married Princess Cecilia of Sweden, a daughter of the deposed King Gustav IV Adolf of SwedenGustav IV Adolf of Sweden
Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden also Gustav Adolph was King of Sweden from 1792 until his abdication in 1809. He was the son of Gustav III of Sweden and his queen consort Sophia Magdalena, eldest daughter of Frederick V of Denmark and his first wife Louise of Great Britain. He was the last Swedish...
. He had become Grand Duke two years earlier, making her the first Grand Duchess of Oldenburg.
They had three sons:
- Duke Alexander Friedrich Gustav (16 June 1834 - 6 June 1835)
- Duke Nikolaus Friedrich August (15 February 1836 - 30 April 1837)
- Duke Anton Günther Friedrich Elimar (23 January 1844 - 17 October 1895)
Titles and styles
- 13 July 1783 – 2 July 1823: His Highness Duke Augustus of Oldenburg
- 2 July 1823 – 17 January 1829: His Royal Highness The Hereditary Prince of Oldenburg
- 17 January 1829 – 27 February 1853: His Royal Highness The Grand Duke of Oldenburg