Ants Piip
Encyclopedia
Ants Piip VR III/1 (28 February 1884, Tuhalaane, now in Karksi Parish
, Viljandi County
, Estonia – 1 October 1942) was an Estonia
n lawyer, diplomat and politician.
(formerly Goldingen), now in Latvia
. In 1903–1905, he was a parish clerk and schoolteacher at Alūksne
(Alulinn, Marienburg, today in Latvia
), also a teacher in the Emperor Nikolai Greek Orthodox Parish School in Kuressaare
in 1905–1906, in the Kuressaare Marine School in 1906–1912, and in the Janson Merchant School in St. Petersburg in 1913–1915. He took his High School exams at the Kuressaare State High School, studied at the law department of the St. Petersburg University in 1908–1913, took additional courses in the Berlin University in 1912, received a scientific scholarship from the St. Petersburg University in 1913–1916.
), and later a member of the Constituent Assembly
(Asutav Kogu), and after that, of the Riigikogu
. In 1917–1919, Piip was a member of the Estonian Foreign Mission in St. Petersburg and in London, he participated in the Paris Peace Conference
. In 1919 he was Deputy to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1919–1920 Member of the Estonian delegation in the Tartu peace negotiations
between Estonia and the Russian SFSR. In 1919–1940 he was Professor of International Law in Tartu University. In 1920, he was the diplomatic representative the Republic of Estonia in Great Britain. 1920–1921, while Elder of State, Piip was also the Minister of War. He held position of Minister of Foreign Affairs five times, also he was in 1923–1925 the Envoy of Estonia to the United States of America. During 1938–1940, Piip was also member of the Riigivolikogu (first chamber of the Riigikogu
).
Piip was arrested by the NKVD
in June, 1941 and he died in a Soviet prison camp the next year.
1932 – Order of the Estonian Red Cross
I/II
1934 – Order of the Cross of the Eagle
I
1940 – Order of the White Star
I
Karksi Parish
Karksi Parish is a rural municipality of Estonia, in Viljandi County. It has a population of 4,041 and an area of 321.45 km².-Settlements:TownKarksi-NuiaVillages...
, Viljandi County
Viljandi County
Viljandi County , is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in southern Estonia bordering Pärnu, Järva, Jõgeva, Tartu and Valga counties. 55,657 people live in Viljandi County – constituting 4.2% of the total population in Estonia ....
, Estonia – 1 October 1942) was an Estonia
Estonia
Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
n lawyer, diplomat and politician.
Education
Piip studied at the Teachers' Seminar in KuldīgaKuldiga
Kuldīga is a town in western Latvia. It is the center of Kuldīga municipality with a population of approximately 13,500.Kuldīga was first mentioned in 1242. It joined the Hanseatic League in 1368...
(formerly Goldingen), now in Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
. In 1903–1905, he was a parish clerk and schoolteacher at Alūksne
Aluksne
Alūksne is a town on the shores of Lake Alūksne in northeastern Latvia near the borders with Estonia and Russia. It is the seat of Alūksne municipality.- History :...
(Alulinn, Marienburg, today in Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
), also a teacher in the Emperor Nikolai Greek Orthodox Parish School in Kuressaare
Kuressaare
Kuressaare is a town and a municipality on Saaremaa island in Estonia. It is the capital of Saare County. The current population is about 14,706 Kuressaare is a town and a municipality on Saaremaa island in Estonia. It is the capital of Saare County. The current population is about 14,706...
in 1905–1906, in the Kuressaare Marine School in 1906–1912, and in the Janson Merchant School in St. Petersburg in 1913–1915. He took his High School exams at the Kuressaare State High School, studied at the law department of the St. Petersburg University in 1908–1913, took additional courses in the Berlin University in 1912, received a scientific scholarship from the St. Petersburg University in 1913–1916.
Career
Piip was a member of the Estonian Province Assembly (Eesti MaapäevMaapäev
The Estonian Provincial Assembly was elected after the February Revolution in 1917 as the national diet of the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia in Russian Empire....
), and later a member of the Constituent Assembly
Constituent assembly
A constituent assembly is a body composed for the purpose of drafting or adopting a constitution...
(Asutav Kogu), and after that, of the Riigikogu
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. All important state-related questions pass through the Riigikogu...
. In 1917–1919, Piip was a member of the Estonian Foreign Mission in St. Petersburg and in London, he participated in the Paris Peace Conference
Paris Peace Conference, 1919
The Paris Peace Conference was the meeting of the Allied victors following the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers following the armistices of 1918. It took place in Paris in 1919 and involved diplomats from more than 32 countries and nationalities...
. In 1919 he was Deputy to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, 1919–1920 Member of the Estonian delegation in the Tartu peace negotiations
Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)
Tartu Peace Treaty or Treaty of Tartu was a peace treaty between Estonia and Russian SFSR signed on February 2, 1920 ending the Estonian War of Independence. The terms of the treaty stated that "Russia unreservedly recognises" the independence of Republic of Estonia de jure and renounced in...
between Estonia and the Russian SFSR. In 1919–1940 he was Professor of International Law in Tartu University. In 1920, he was the diplomatic representative the Republic of Estonia in Great Britain. 1920–1921, while Elder of State, Piip was also the Minister of War. He held position of Minister of Foreign Affairs five times, also he was in 1923–1925 the Envoy of Estonia to the United States of America. During 1938–1940, Piip was also member of the Riigivolikogu (first chamber of the Riigikogu
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. All important state-related questions pass through the Riigikogu...
).
Piip was arrested by the NKVD
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs was the public and secret police organization of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the Soviets, including political repression, during the era of Joseph Stalin....
in June, 1941 and he died in a Soviet prison camp the next year.
Awards
1920 – Cross of Liberty III/I1932 – Order of the Estonian Red Cross
Order of the Estonian Red Cross
The Order of the Estonian Red Cross was instituted in 1920 by the Estonian Red Cross Society. The Order of the Estonian Red Cross is bestowed in order to give recognition for humanitarian services rendered in the interests of the Estonian people and for the saving of life.-Classes:The Order of the...
I/II
1934 – Order of the Cross of the Eagle
Order of the Cross of the Eagle
The Order of the Cross of the Eagle was instituted in 1928 by the Estonian Defence League to commemorate the tenth anniversary of Estonian independence. It was adopted as a state order in 1936.The Order of the Cross of the Eagle is bestowed to give recognition for military services and services...
I
1940 – Order of the White Star
Order of the White Star
The Order of the White Star was instituted on 1936. The Order of the White Star is bestowed on Estonian citizens and foreigners to give recognition for services rendered to the Estonian state.- Classes :The Order of the White Star comprises five classes:...
I