Anthony Horneck
Encyclopedia
Anthony Horneck (1641–1697) was a German Protestant clergyman and scholar who made his career in England. He became an influential evangelical figure in London from the later 1670s, in partnership with Richard Smithies, curate of St Giles Cripplegate.
, where his father was ‘recorder’ of the town, and brought him up as a Protestant. He studied at Heidelberg University under Friedrich Spanheim the Younger
, then professor of divinity. He came to England about 1661, and became a member of The Queen's College, Oxford
, 24 December 1663. There he was made chaplain by Thomas Barlow
as Provost, and afterwards bishop of Lincoln. He was incorporated M.A. 15 March 1664.
He was presented by Lincoln College
to the vicarage of All Saints, Oxford. In 1665 he became tutor to Christopher Monck, Lord Torrington
, son of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
The duke gave him the living of Dolton
in Devon
, and procured for him a prebend at Exeter Cathedral
, where he was admitted 13 June 1670. In 1669 he visited Germany, and was received at the court of the Elector Palatine. In 1671 he was appointed preacher at the Savoy Hospital, and soon afterwards married.
He became so popular as a preacher to overflowing congregations that it was said that his parish extended from Whitechapel
to Whitehall
, reported by Richard Kidder
; and John Evelyn
's Diary
(18 March 1683) calls him ‘a most pathetic preacher and a person of saint-like life.’ He resigned Dolton on obtaining the Savoy preachership; he had to hire a house near his church, became the father of four children, and gave to charity with an open hand. Kidder also says that he injured any chance of preferment by the plainness of his reproofs to great men. When John Tillotson
was consulted by the Countess of Bedford
on the appointment to the church of Covent Garden. Horneck's name had been suggested, but he was rejected on account of his unpopularity in the parish. He took the oaths to William and Mary
; Kidder states that he lost many patrons at this time.
He further gave offence by his share in founding one of the Societies for the Reformation of Manners. Gilbert Burnet
says that Horneck and William Beveridge
were leaders in this movement just before the Glorious Revolution
.
He became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1669 and received the D.D. degree from Cambridge in 1681. In January 1689 Horneck was appointed one of eight chaplains to King William. Edward Russell
recommended him to the Queen, who obtained for him a promise from Tillotson of the next vacant prebend at Westminster Abbey
. He was accordingly installed 1 July 1693. He resigned his prebend at Exeter, but was admitted to a prebend at Wells Cathedral
, which required no residence, by his friend Bishop Kidder, 28 September 1694. He died 31 January 1697, after much suffering from kidney stones, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
His works are:
Horneck published some separate sermons. He translated from the French ‘An Antidote against a Careless Indifferency …’ in 1683; and supervised a translation of Royaumont's ‘History of the Old and New Testaments,’ 1690, &c. He added accounts of witchcraft in Sweden to the later editions of the Sadducismus Triumphatus
of Joseph Glanvill
, and wrote a preface to Glanvill's ‘Remains,’ 1681. He attended Borosky and Stern, convicted of the murder of Thomas Thynne
in 1682, and with Gilbert Burnet published an account of their confessions and behaviour. On 5 May 1689, Edward Sclater, vicar of Putney
, who had gone over to Rome under James II, recanted publicly at the Savoy, and Horneck published an account of the affair.
, and whose younger daughter was Oliver Goldsmith
's ‘Jessamy Bride.’
Life
He was born at BacharachBacharach
Bacharach is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rhein-Nahe, whose seat is in Bingen am Rhein, although that town is not within its bounds....
, where his father was ‘recorder’ of the town, and brought him up as a Protestant. He studied at Heidelberg University under Friedrich Spanheim the Younger
Friedrich Spanheim the Younger
Friedrich Spanheim the Younger was a German Calvinist theologian of conservative views, son of Friedrich Spanheim.-Life:He was born in Geneva, and studied at the University of Leiden, graduating M.A. in 1648. He joined the faculty of the University of Heidelberg in 1655.In 1670 he moved to Leiden,...
, then professor of divinity. He came to England about 1661, and became a member of The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College, founded 1341, is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. Queen's is centrally situated on the High Street, and is renowned for its 18th-century architecture...
, 24 December 1663. There he was made chaplain by Thomas Barlow
Thomas Barlow (bishop)
Thomas Barlow was an English academic and clergyman, who became Provost of The Queen's College, Oxford and Bishop of Lincoln. He was considered, in his own times and by Edmund Venables writing in the Dictionary of National Biography, to have been a trimmer, a reputation mixed in with his academic...
as Provost, and afterwards bishop of Lincoln. He was incorporated M.A. 15 March 1664.
He was presented by Lincoln College
Lincoln College, Oxford
Lincoln College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. It is situated on Turl Street in central Oxford, backing onto Brasenose College and adjacent to Exeter College...
to the vicarage of All Saints, Oxford. In 1665 he became tutor to Christopher Monck, Lord Torrington
Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle
Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, KG, PC was an English statesman and failed soldier.He was the son of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle....
, son of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, KG was an English soldier and politician and a key figure in the restoration of Charles II.-Early life and career:...
The duke gave him the living of Dolton
Dolton, Devon
Dolton is a small village in the Torridge District of Devon, in the South West of England. It has a population of around 900 inhabitants, including the Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts.Dolton is twinned with Amfreville in France and Hillerse in Germany....
in Devon
Devon
Devon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
, and procured for him a prebend at Exeter Cathedral
Exeter Cathedral
Exeter Cathedral, the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter at Exeter, is an Anglican cathedral, and the seat of the Bishop of Exeter, in the city of Exeter, Devon in South West England....
, where he was admitted 13 June 1670. In 1669 he visited Germany, and was received at the court of the Elector Palatine. In 1671 he was appointed preacher at the Savoy Hospital, and soon afterwards married.
He became so popular as a preacher to overflowing congregations that it was said that his parish extended from Whitechapel
Whitechapel
Whitechapel is a built-up inner city district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London, England. It is located east of Charing Cross and roughly bounded by the Bishopsgate thoroughfare on the west, Fashion Street on the north, Brady Street and Cavell Street on the east and The Highway on the...
to Whitehall
Whitehall
Whitehall is a road in Westminster, in London, England. It is the main artery running north from Parliament Square, towards Charing Cross at the southern end of Trafalgar Square...
, reported by Richard Kidder
Richard Kidder
Richard Kidder was an English Anglican churchman, Bishop of Bath and Wells from 1691 to his death. He was a noted theologian.He was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he was a sizar, from 1649, graduating 1652. He became a Fellow there in 1655, and vicar of Stranground,...
; and John Evelyn
John Evelyn
John Evelyn was an English writer, gardener and diarist.Evelyn's diaries or Memoirs are largely contemporaneous with those of the other noted diarist of the time, Samuel Pepys, and cast considerable light on the art, culture and politics of the time John Evelyn (31 October 1620 – 27 February...
's Diary
John Evelyn's Diary
The Diary of John Evelyn, a gentlemanly Royalist and virtuoso of the seventeenth century, was first published in 1818 under the title Memoirs Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, in an edition by William Bray. Bray was assisted by William Upcott, who had access to the Evelyn family...
(18 March 1683) calls him ‘a most pathetic preacher and a person of saint-like life.’ He resigned Dolton on obtaining the Savoy preachership; he had to hire a house near his church, became the father of four children, and gave to charity with an open hand. Kidder also says that he injured any chance of preferment by the plainness of his reproofs to great men. When John Tillotson
John Tillotson
John Tillotson was an Archbishop of Canterbury .-Curate and rector:Tillotson was the son of a Puritan clothier at Haughend, Sowerby, Yorkshire. He entered as a pensioner of Clare Hall, Cambridge, in 1647, graduated in 1650 and was made fellow of his college in 1651...
was consulted by the Countess of Bedford
Anne Carr, Countess of Bedford
Anne Carr, Countess of Bedford was a wealthy English noblewoman, and the wife of William Russell, 5th Earl of Bedford, a peer and soldier during the English Civil War, who after her death was created Duke of Bedford. Her mother was the notorious Frances Howard who was an accomplice to murder...
on the appointment to the church of Covent Garden. Horneck's name had been suggested, but he was rejected on account of his unpopularity in the parish. He took the oaths to William and Mary
William and Mary
The phrase William and Mary usually refers to the coregency over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland, of King William III & II and Queen Mary II...
; Kidder states that he lost many patrons at this time.
He further gave offence by his share in founding one of the Societies for the Reformation of Manners. Gilbert Burnet
Gilbert Burnet
Gilbert Burnet was a Scottish theologian and historian, and Bishop of Salisbury. He was fluent in Dutch, French, Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. Burnet was respected as a cleric, a preacher, and an academic, as well as a writer and historian...
says that Horneck and William Beveridge
William Beveridge (bishop)
-Life:He was born at Barrow, near Leicester, and baptized there February 21, 1637. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, and was rector of Ealing, 1661–72, and of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London, 1672–1704, when he became bishop...
were leaders in this movement just before the Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, is the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau...
.
He became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1669 and received the D.D. degree from Cambridge in 1681. In January 1689 Horneck was appointed one of eight chaplains to King William. Edward Russell
Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford
Admiral of the Fleet Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford, PC was the First Lord of the Admiralty under King William III.-Naval career:...
recommended him to the Queen, who obtained for him a promise from Tillotson of the next vacant prebend at Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey
The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, popularly known as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in the City of Westminster, London, United Kingdom, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English,...
. He was accordingly installed 1 July 1693. He resigned his prebend at Exeter, but was admitted to a prebend at Wells Cathedral
Wells Cathedral
Wells Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral in Wells, Somerset, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells, who lives at the adjacent Bishop's Palace....
, which required no residence, by his friend Bishop Kidder, 28 September 1694. He died 31 January 1697, after much suffering from kidney stones, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Works
A student of the Bible and religious literature, and a casuist consulted in cases of conscience, he was well read in Arabic, Hebrew, and rabbinical literature. He wrote little in controversy, though he took an anti-Catholics during the reign of James II. His books are chiefly devotional, and went through many editions down to 1730; some reprints appeared from 1846.His works are:
- ‘The Great Law of Consideration … wherein the nature, usefulness, and absolute necessity of Consideration, in order to a … religious life, are laid open,’ 1676; 11th edit. 1729.
- ‘Letter to a Lady, revolted from the Romish Church’ (given by Kidder, not in the British Museum).
- ‘The happy Ascetick; or the Best Exercise …; to which is added, A Letter to a Person of Quality concerning the Holy Lives of the Primitive Christians,’ 1681; 6th edit. 1724, for which William HogarthWilliam HogarthWilliam Hogarth was an English painter, printmaker, pictorial satirist, social critic and editorial cartoonist who has been credited with pioneering western sequential art. His work ranged from realistic portraiture to comic strip-like series of pictures called "modern moral subjects"...
engraved a frontispiece (The ‘Letter’ was reprinted in 1849, and in the ‘Churchman's Library,’ 1853). - ‘Delight and Judgment; or the Great Assize …,’ 1683 (where the first title appears to have been the ‘Sirenes;’ see ‘Short Account’); 3rd edit. 1705.
- ‘The Fire of the Altar; or certain Directions how to raise the Soul into holy Flames before, at, and after the receiving of the … Lord's Supper.’ Appended is ‘A Dialogue betwixt a Christian and his own Conscience,’ 1683; 13th edit. 1718.
- ‘The Exercise of Prayer’ (supplementary to the last), 1685.
- ‘First Fruits of Reason,’ 1685.
- ‘The Crucified Jesus; or a full account of the … Sacrament of the Lord's Supper,’ 1686; 7th edit. 1727.
- ‘Questions and Answers concerning the two Religions,’ 1688. 10. ‘Advice to Parents,’ &c., 1690.
- ‘An Answer to the Soldier's Question’ (mentioned by Kidder).
- ‘Several Sermons upon the Fifth of St. Matthew, being part of Christ's Sermon on the Mount’, 2nd edit. 1706, with life by Kidder.
Horneck published some separate sermons. He translated from the French ‘An Antidote against a Careless Indifferency …’ in 1683; and supervised a translation of Royaumont's ‘History of the Old and New Testaments,’ 1690, &c. He added accounts of witchcraft in Sweden to the later editions of the Sadducismus Triumphatus
Sadducismus Triumphatus
Saducismus triumphatus is a book on witchcraft by Joseph Glanvill, published posthumously in England in 1681.The editor is presumed to have been Henry More, who certainly contributed to the volume; and topical material on witchcraft in Sweden was supplied by Anthony Horneck to later editions. By...
of Joseph Glanvill
Joseph Glanvill
Joseph Glanvill was an English writer, philosopher, and clergyman. Not himself a scientist, he has been called "the most skillful apologist of the virtuosi", or in other words the leading propagandist for the approach of the English natural philosophers of the later 17th century.-Life:He was...
, and wrote a preface to Glanvill's ‘Remains,’ 1681. He attended Borosky and Stern, convicted of the murder of Thomas Thynne
Thomas Thynne (landowner)
Thomas Thynne was an English landowner of the family that is now headed by the Marquess of Bath and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1670 to 1682. He went by the nickname "Tom of Ten Thousand" due to his great wealth...
in 1682, and with Gilbert Burnet published an account of their confessions and behaviour. On 5 May 1689, Edward Sclater, vicar of Putney
Putney
Putney is a district in south-west London, England, located in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It is situated south-west of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London....
, who had gone over to Rome under James II, recanted publicly at the Savoy, and Horneck published an account of the affair.
Family
Horneck was survived by three children: Philip, called by Lord Oxford ‘a special rascal,’ and abused in the Dunciad (bk. iii. l. 152); William, who became a general, and is buried near his father; and a daughter, married first to Robert Barneveld, and secondly to Captain Warre. William was father of Kane William Horneck, whose eldest daughter married Henry William BunburyHenry William Bunbury
Henry William Bunbury was an English caricaturist.The second son of Sir William Bunbury, 5th Baronet , of Mildenhall, Suffolk, he came of an old Norman family...
, and whose younger daughter was Oliver Goldsmith
Oliver Goldsmith
Oliver Goldsmith was an Irish writer, poet and physician known for his novel The Vicar of Wakefield , his pastoral poem The Deserted Village , and his plays The Good-Natur'd Man and She Stoops to Conquer...
's ‘Jessamy Bride.’