Anne-Marie Slaughter
Encyclopedia
Anne-Marie Slaughter was the Director of Policy Planning
for the U.S. State Department from January 2009 until February 2011. She is the Bert G. Kerstetter '66 University Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University
and was formerly Dean of Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs
.
from the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University
in 1980, her M.Phil.
in International Affairs from Oxford University in 1982, her J.D.
from Harvard Law School
in 1985, and her D.Phil. in International Relations from Oxford in 1992.
that helped the Sandinista government of Nicaragua
bring suit against the United States in the International Court of Justice
for violations of international law, in the case Nicaragua v. United States (1986).
She served on the faculty of the University of Chicago Law School
from 1989–1994 and then on the faculty of Harvard Law School before moving to Princeton to become dean of the Woodrow Wilson School in 2002. During her tenure as dean she was credited with vigorously rebuilding Princeton's international relations faculty, including hiring a bevy of well-respected academics including Robert Keohane
, Helen Milner
, and G. John Ikenberry. She also retained or hired influential right-of-center scholars including Aaron Friedberg
and Thomas Christensen.
In 2003 the Woodrow Wilson School hosted an art exhibit titled "Ricanstructions" that opponents of the exhibit claimed was "anti-Catholic" and desecrated Christian symbols. Slaughter defended the exhibit.
In late 2005, over 100 Princeton students and faculty signed an open letter to Slaughter and Princeton president
Shirley Tilghman
criticizing the University in general and the Woodrow Wilson School in particular of biasing selection of invited speakers in favor of those supportive of the Bush administration. Slaughter responded to these claims by pointing to the dozens of public lectures by independent academics, journalists, and other analysts that the Wilson School hosts each academic year. Others noted that, with Bush's Republican Party
controlling the Presidency
and both houses of Congress
, many of the most influential people in the federal government, and in the international relations apparatus in particular, were necessarily administration supporters.
Slaughter is an influential proponent of the use of international relations theory
in international legal theory
. She has published two books on international relations and dozens of articles, both in scholarly journals and in mainstream publications. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations
and serves as a director on the Council's Board. From 2002-2004 she served as president of the American Society of International Law. From 2004-2006 she served as co-director of the Princeton Project on National Security
. In November 2006 she was chosen to chair the Secretary of State
's Advisory Committee on Democracy Promotion.
In 2003, Slaughter publicly defended the impending Iraq invasion as "legitimate," apart from the question of whether it was illegal. Slaughter later advocated moving past the earlier debate on the Iraq invasion, a position criticized by some who opposed the war as self-serving.
Slaughter also serves on the Advisory Board of the National Security Network
and the Brookings Doha Center
.
announced the appointment of Slaughter as the new Director of Policy Planning under the Obama administration.
At the State Department, Slaughter was chief architect of the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review
whose first instantiation was released in December 2010. Commenting upon the skepticism that often greets such reports, and reiterating Secretary Clinton's strong desire that the QDDR become an essential part of the State Department policy process, Slaughter said: “I’m pretty sure you’re thinking, ‘I’ve heard this before,’ [a big plan to change the way a government agency works] But this is different.”
In February 2011 Slaughter returned to Princeton and is teaching a seminar on National Security Policy. She remains a consultant for the State Department.
, who teaches in Princeton's Department of Politics. They have two children.
Director of Policy Planning
The Director of Policy Planning is the United States Department of State official in charge of the Department's internal think tank, the Policy Planning Staff. The position of Director of Policy Planning has traditionally been held by many members of the U.S. foreign policy establishment...
for the U.S. State Department from January 2009 until February 2011. She is the Bert G. Kerstetter '66 University Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
and was formerly Dean of Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs
Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs
The Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs is a professional public policy school at Princeton University. The school has granted undergraduate A.B. degrees since 1930 and graduate degrees since 1948...
.
Education
Slaughter received her A.B.Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
from the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University
Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. The school is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution....
in 1980, her M.Phil.
Master of Philosophy
The Master of Philosophy is a postgraduate research degree.An M.Phil. is a lesser degree than a Doctor of Philosophy , but in many cases it is considered to be a more senior degree than a taught Master's degree, as it is often a thesis-only degree. In some instances, an M.Phil...
in International Affairs from Oxford University in 1982, her J.D.
Juris Doctor
Juris Doctor is a professional doctorate and first professional graduate degree in law.The degree was first awarded by Harvard University in the United States in the late 19th century and was created as a modern version of the old European doctor of law degree Juris Doctor (see etymology and...
from Harvard Law School
Harvard Law School
Harvard Law School is one of the professional graduate schools of Harvard University. Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, it is the oldest continually-operating law school in the United States and is home to the largest academic law library in the world. The school is routinely ranked by the U.S...
in 1985, and her D.Phil. in International Relations from Oxford in 1992.
Academic career
In the 1980s Slaughter was part of the team headed by Professor Abram ChayesAbram Chayes
Abram Chayes was an American scholar of international law closely associated with the administration of John F. Kennedy. He is best known for his “legal process” approach to international law, which attempted to provide a new, less formalistic way of understanding international law and how it...
that helped the Sandinista government of Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...
bring suit against the United States in the International Court of Justice
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands...
for violations of international law, in the case Nicaragua v. United States (1986).
She served on the faculty of the University of Chicago Law School
University of Chicago Law School
The University of Chicago Law School was founded in 1902 as the graduate school of law at the University of Chicago and is among the most prestigious and selective law schools in the world. The U.S. News & World Report currently ranks it fifth among U.S...
from 1989–1994 and then on the faculty of Harvard Law School before moving to Princeton to become dean of the Woodrow Wilson School in 2002. During her tenure as dean she was credited with vigorously rebuilding Princeton's international relations faculty, including hiring a bevy of well-respected academics including Robert Keohane
Robert Keohane
Robert O. Keohane is an American academic, who, following the publication of his influential book After Hegemony , became widely associated with the theory of neoliberal institutionalism in international relations...
, Helen Milner
Helen Milner
Helen V. Milner or Helen Milner is a political scientist who has written extensively on issues related to International Political Economy like international trade, the connections between domestic politics and foreign policy, globalization and regionalism, and the relationship between democracy...
, and G. John Ikenberry. She also retained or hired influential right-of-center scholars including Aaron Friedberg
Aaron Friedberg
Aaron Louis Friedberg served from 2003 to 2005 in the office of the Vice President of the United States as deputy assistant for national-security affairs and director of policy planning....
and Thomas Christensen.
In 2003 the Woodrow Wilson School hosted an art exhibit titled "Ricanstructions" that opponents of the exhibit claimed was "anti-Catholic" and desecrated Christian symbols. Slaughter defended the exhibit.
In late 2005, over 100 Princeton students and faculty signed an open letter to Slaughter and Princeton president
President of Princeton University
Princeton University is led by a President selected by the Board of Trustees. Until the accession of Woodrow Wilson, a political scientist, in 1902, they were all clergymen, as well as professors. President Tilghman is a biologist; her two predecessors were economists.-Presidents:# Reverend...
Shirley Tilghman
Shirley M. Tilghman
Shirley Marie Tilghman, FRS is a scholar in molecular biology and an academic administrator, the President of Princeton University. She is the first woman to hold the position and only the second female president in the Ivy League...
criticizing the University in general and the Woodrow Wilson School in particular of biasing selection of invited speakers in favor of those supportive of the Bush administration. Slaughter responded to these claims by pointing to the dozens of public lectures by independent academics, journalists, and other analysts that the Wilson School hosts each academic year. Others noted that, with Bush's Republican Party
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...
controlling the Presidency
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
and both houses of Congress
United States Congress
The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C....
, many of the most influential people in the federal government, and in the international relations apparatus in particular, were necessarily administration supporters.
Slaughter is an influential proponent of the use of international relations theory
International relations theory
International relations theory is the study of international relations from a theoretical perspective; it attempts to provide a conceptual framework upon which international relations can be analyzed. Ole Holsti describes international relations theories act as a pair of coloured sunglasses,...
in international legal theory
Approaches to International Law
International legal theory comprises a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches used to explain and analyse the content, formation and effectiveness of public international law and institutions and to suggest improvements. Some approaches center on the question of compliance: why states...
. She has published two books on international relations and dozens of articles, both in scholarly journals and in mainstream publications. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations
Council on Foreign Relations
The Council on Foreign Relations is an American nonprofit nonpartisan membership organization, publisher, and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs...
and serves as a director on the Council's Board. From 2002-2004 she served as president of the American Society of International Law. From 2004-2006 she served as co-director of the Princeton Project on National Security
Princeton Project
The Princeton Project on National Security is a multi-year, bipartisan initiative to develop a sustainable and effective national security strategy for the United States of America. Under the stewardship of honorary co-chairs George P...
. In November 2006 she was chosen to chair the Secretary of State
United States Secretary of State
The United States Secretary of State is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. The Secretary is a member of the Cabinet and the highest-ranking cabinet secretary both in line of succession and order of precedence...
's Advisory Committee on Democracy Promotion.
In 2003, Slaughter publicly defended the impending Iraq invasion as "legitimate," apart from the question of whether it was illegal. Slaughter later advocated moving past the earlier debate on the Iraq invasion, a position criticized by some who opposed the war as self-serving.
Slaughter also serves on the Advisory Board of the National Security Network
National Security Network
The National Security Network is a non-profit foreign policy organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. that focuses on international relations, global affairs and national security...
and the Brookings Doha Center
Brookings Doha Center
Brookings Doha Center is a project of the Saban Center for Middle East Policy within the Brookings Institution, started in 2007. In its own words, it conducts "research on the socio-economic and geopolitical issues facing Muslim-majority states and communities, and encourages increased dialogue...
.
State Department career
On January 23, 2009, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham ClintonHillary Rodham Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is the 67th United States Secretary of State, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama. She was a United States Senator for New York from 2001 to 2009. As the wife of the 42nd President of the United States, Bill Clinton, she was the First Lady of the...
announced the appointment of Slaughter as the new Director of Policy Planning under the Obama administration.
At the State Department, Slaughter was chief architect of the Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review
Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review
The Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review is a study by the United States Department of State, first started in 2009 and intended to be done every four years, that analyzes the short-, medium-, and long-term blueprint for the United States' diplomatic and development efforts abroad...
whose first instantiation was released in December 2010. Commenting upon the skepticism that often greets such reports, and reiterating Secretary Clinton's strong desire that the QDDR become an essential part of the State Department policy process, Slaughter said: “I’m pretty sure you’re thinking, ‘I’ve heard this before,’ [a big plan to change the way a government agency works] But this is different.”
In February 2011 Slaughter returned to Princeton and is teaching a seminar on National Security Policy. She remains a consultant for the State Department.
Personal life
Slaughter is married to Andrew MoravcsikAndrew Moravcsik
Andrew Moravcsik is a Professor of Politics and director of the European Union Program at Princeton University. He is known for his research on European integration, international organizations, human rights, and American and European foreign policy, for developing the theory of liberal...
, who teaches in Princeton's Department of Politics. They have two children.
Publications
- G. John IkenberryJohn IkenberryJohn Ikenberry is a theorist of international relations and United States foreign policy, and a professor of Politics and International Affairs in the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University.- Career :...
, Thomas J. Knock, Anne-Marie Slaughter & Tony Smith, The Crisis of American Foreign Policy: Wilsonianism in the Twenty-first Century, Princeton University PressPrinceton University Press-Further reading:* "". Artforum International, 2005.-External links:* * * * *...
, 2008.
- Slaughter, A.-M., A. Moravcsik, W.A. Burke-White. 2005. Liberal Theory of International Law. New York: Oxford University PressOxford University PressOxford University Press is the largest university press in the world. It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics appointed by the Vice-Chancellor known as the Delegates of the Press. They are headed by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as...
, forthcoming.
- Slaughter, A.-M. 2004. A New World Order: Government Networks and the Disaggregated State. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Goldstein, J., M. Kahler, R.O. Keohane, and A.-M. Slaughter, eds. 2000. Legalization and world politics: A special issue of international organization. International Organization, 54.
- Ratner, S.R., and A.-M. Slaughter, eds. 1999. Symposium on method in international law: A special issue of the American Journal of International Law. American Journal of International Law, 93.
- Slaughter, A.-M., A. Stone Sweet, and J.H.H. Weiler, eds. 1997. The European Courts and National Courts: Doctrine and Jurisprudence. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
- Slaughter, A.-M. 2000. International Law and International Relations Theory: Millennial Lectures. Hague Academy of International Law, Summer.
- Slaughter, A.-M., and K. Raustiala. 2001. Considering compliance. In Handbook of International Relations, edited by Walter Carlnaes, Thomas Risse, and Beth Simmons. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
External links
- Slaughter's home page at Princeton
- Texts by Slaughter at openDemocracy
- Princeton Project on National Security
- AmericaAbroad blog
- Networks and States in World Politics
- Videos of debates and discussions involving Anne-Marie Slaughter on Bloggingheads.tvBloggingheads.tvBloggingheads.tv is a political, world events, philosophy, and science video blog discussion site in which the participants take part in an active back and forth conversation via webcam which is then broadcast online to viewers...