Anne, Duchess of Luxembourg
Encyclopedia
Anne of Bohemia and Austria (12 April 1432 – 1462) was a Duchess of Luxembourg in her own right, and as consort, Landgravine of Thuringia and of Saxony
.
She was the eldest daughter of Albert of Austria
, the future Emperor-Elect and Elisabeth, queen of Bohemia, the sole descendant of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
.
Her posthumous brother Ladislaus, Duke of Austria
(1440-57) succeeded, very underage, as king of Bohemia and later also as king of Hungary
. Anne also had a younger sister, Elisabeth
, who was to become later a queen of Poland and grand duchess of Lithuania.
On 2 June 1446 the young Anne was married to William "the Brave" of Saxony (1425-82), Landgrave of Thuringia, a younger son of Frederick I "the Warlike" of Saxony
.
In right of Anne, William became Duke of Luxembourg from 1457 when Anne¨s brother Ladislaus died childless. Though, their rights to the land were disputed by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
, and in 1469, William concluded that the possession's keeping was untenable against Burgundian attacks, and retreated to his Thuringian lands - that however took place when Anne was already dead.
They had two surviving daughters:
. Provided the genealogy is correct, this implies that all her matrilineal relatives are members of mitochondrial haplogroup
Haplogroup T
.
Saxony
The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked state of Germany, contingent with Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, Bavaria, the Czech Republic and Poland. It is the tenth-largest German state in area, with of Germany's sixteen states....
.
She was the eldest daughter of Albert of Austria
Albert II of Germany
Albert the Magnanimous KG was King of Hungary from 1438 until his death. He was also King of Bohemia, elected King of Germany as Albert II, duke of Luxembourg and, as Albert V, archduke of Austria from 1404.-Biography:Albert was born in Vienna as the son of Albert IV, Duke of Austria, and Johanna...
, the future Emperor-Elect and Elisabeth, queen of Bohemia, the sole descendant of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Sigismund of Luxemburg KG was King of Hungary, of Croatia from 1387 to 1437, of Bohemia from 1419, and Holy Roman Emperor for four years from 1433 until 1437, the last Emperor of the House of Luxemburg. He was also King of Italy from 1431, and of Germany from 1411...
.
Her posthumous brother Ladislaus, Duke of Austria
Ladislas the Posthumous
Ladislaus the Posthumous was Duke of Austria from 1440, King of Hungary from 1444 and King of Bohemia from 1453.- Biography :...
(1440-57) succeeded, very underage, as king of Bohemia and later also as king of Hungary
King of Hungary
The King of Hungary was the head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 1918.The style of title "Apostolic King" was confirmed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used afterwards by all the Kings of Hungary, so after this date the kings are referred to as "Apostolic King of...
. Anne also had a younger sister, Elisabeth
Elisabeth of Austria (d. 1505)
Elisabeth of Austria , , was a Polish-Lithuanian queen...
, who was to become later a queen of Poland and grand duchess of Lithuania.
On 2 June 1446 the young Anne was married to William "the Brave" of Saxony (1425-82), Landgrave of Thuringia, a younger son of Frederick I "the Warlike" of Saxony
Frederick I, Elector of Saxony
Frederick IV of Meissen and Elector of Saxony was Margrave of Meissen and Elector of Saxony from 1381 until his death. He is not to be confused with his cousin Frederick IV, Landgrave of Thuringia, the son of Balthasar, Landgrave of Thuringia...
.
In right of Anne, William became Duke of Luxembourg from 1457 when Anne¨s brother Ladislaus died childless. Though, their rights to the land were disputed by Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
Philip III, Duke of Burgundy
Philip the Good KG , also Philip III, Duke of Burgundy was Duke of Burgundy from 1419 until his death. He was a member of a cadet line of the Valois dynasty . During his reign Burgundy reached the height of its prosperity and prestige and became a leading center of the arts...
, and in 1469, William concluded that the possession's keeping was untenable against Burgundian attacks, and retreated to his Thuringian lands - that however took place when Anne was already dead.
They had two surviving daughters:
- Margaret of ThuringiaMargaret of ThuringiaMargaret of Saxony was a German noblewoman, Electress of Brandenburg by marriage.She was the daughter of William III, Duke of Luxemburg, and Anne, Duchess of Luxembourg.-Family and children:...
(1449 - 13 July 1501), who married John II, Elector of Brandenburg, and whose direct main heirs have been Electors of BrandenburgBrandenburgBrandenburg is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam...
, then Kings of PrussiaPrussiaPrussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
, and then German EmperorGerman EmperorThis article is about the emperors of the German Empire. For full list of German monarchs before 1871, see List of German monarchs.The German Emperor was the official title of the Head of State and ruler of the German Empire, beginning with the proclamation of Wilhelm I as emperor during the...
s.
- Katharina of Thuringia (1453 – 10 July 1534), who married Duke Henry II of MünsterbergHenry the Younger of PoděbradyHenry the Younger of Poděbrady was an Imperial Count and Count of Glatz. From 1462 to 1471, he served as Duke of Münsterberg jointly with his older brothers Victor and Henry the Elder. He also ruled Duchy of Opava jointly with his brothers from 1365 to 1372...
and who has surviving descendants, mainly among Bohemian high nobility.
Ancestry
Genetics
Anne's mother Elisabeth of Luxembourg is a direct matrilineal ancestor of Nicholas II of RussiaNicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until...
. Provided the genealogy is correct, this implies that all her matrilineal relatives are members of mitochondrial haplogroup
Haplogroup
In the study of molecular evolution, a haplogroup is a group of similar haplotypes that share a common ancestor having the same single nucleotide polymorphism mutation in both haplotypes. Because a haplogroup consists of similar haplotypes, this is what makes it possible to predict a haplogroup...
Haplogroup T
Haplogroup T (mtDNA)
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup T is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup.-Known Origins:Mitochondrial Haplogroup T derives from the haplogroup JT, which also gave rise to haplogroup J...
.