Andreas Franz Frühwirth
Encyclopedia
Andreas Franz Frühwirth (21 August 1845 – 9 February 1933) was a Cardinal
of the Roman Catholic Church
and was former Major Penitentiary of Apostolic Penitentiary
.
Andreas Franz Frühwirth was born in St. Anna am Aigen, Austria
.His baptismal name was Franz. His last name is also listed as Frühwirt.
and changed his baptismal name to Andreas. He was professed on September 13, 1864. He studied at the Dominican houses of studies where he studied philosophy
and theology
and later at the Pontifical Roman Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas from 1869 to 1870.
of theology
for six years in the Dominican College of Graz and was its prior
from 1872-1875 and the Prior of the order
in Vienna
from 1876 to 1880. He was elected master general of his order in the general chapter of Lyon
on 19 September 1891, he occupied the post until 21 May 1904. He served as a consultor of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office from 19 December 1906. He was named nuncio
to the Kingdom of Bavaria
by Pope Pius X
on 26 October 1907.
, assisted by Diomede Panici, titular archbishop of Laodicea, secretary of the Congregation of Rites, and by Giuseppe Cecchini, O.P., titular bishop of Alicarnaso, archpriest of Altamura and Acquaviva delle Fonti.
to title) by Pope Benedict XV
in the consistory
of 6 December 1915. He remained in nunciature until November 1916. He participated in the conclave of 1922
that elected Pope Pius XI
. He was appointed Major Penitentiary on 8 January 1925 holding the post until December 9, 1927. Upon his appointment as Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church he took the title of San Lorenzo in Damaso
. He died in 1933 at the age of 87.
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
of the Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
and was former Major Penitentiary of Apostolic Penitentiary
Apostolic Penitentiary
The Apostolic Penitentiary, formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary, is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia. The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy, responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church.The...
.
Andreas Franz Frühwirth was born in St. Anna am Aigen, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
.His baptismal name was Franz. His last name is also listed as Frühwirt.
Education
He joined the Order of Preachers on 13 September 1863 in GrazGraz
The more recent population figures do not give the whole picture as only people with principal residence status are counted and people with secondary residence status are not. Most of the people with secondary residence status in Graz are students...
and changed his baptismal name to Andreas. He was professed on September 13, 1864. He studied at the Dominican houses of studies where he studied philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
and theology
Theology
Theology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
and later at the Pontifical Roman Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas from 1869 to 1870.
Priesthood
He was ordained to the priesthood on 5 July 1868 in Graz. He served as a ProfessorProfessor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
of theology
Theology
Theology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
for six years in the Dominican College of Graz and was its prior
Prior
Prior is an ecclesiastical title, derived from the Latin adjective for 'earlier, first', with several notable uses.-Monastic superiors:A Prior is a monastic superior, usually lower in rank than an Abbot. In the Rule of St...
from 1872-1875 and the Prior of the order
Religious order
A religious order is a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of its founder's religious practice. The order is composed of initiates and, in some...
in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
from 1876 to 1880. He was elected master general of his order in the general chapter of Lyon
Lyon
Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....
on 19 September 1891, he occupied the post until 21 May 1904. He served as a consultor of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office from 19 December 1906. He was named nuncio
Apostolic Nuncio to Bavaria
The Apostolic Nunciature to Bavaria was an ecclesiastical office of the Roman Catholic Church in Bavaria. It was a diplomatic post of the Holy See, whose representative was called the Apostolic Nuncio to Bavaria, a state – consecutively during the nunciature's existence – of the Holy Roman Empire,...
to the Kingdom of Bavaria
Kingdom of Bavaria
The Kingdom of Bavaria was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918. The Bavarian Elector Maximilian IV Joseph of the House of Wittelsbach became the first King of Bavaria in 1806 as Maximilian I Joseph. The monarchy would remain held by the Wittelsbachs until the kingdom's dissolution in 1918...
by Pope Pius X
Pope Pius X
Pope Saint Pius X , born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, was the 257th Pope of the Catholic Church, serving from 1903 to 1914. He was the first pope since Pope Pius V to be canonized. Pius X rejected modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, promoting traditional devotional practices and orthodox...
on 26 October 1907.
Episcopate
He was appointed titular archbishop of Heraclea in Europa by Pope Pius on 5 November 1907. He was consecrated on 30 November at the National Teutonic church of S. Maria dell'Anima, Rome, by Rafael Merry del Val, Cardinal Secretary of StateCardinal Secretary of State
The Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
, assisted by Diomede Panici, titular archbishop of Laodicea, secretary of the Congregation of Rites, and by Giuseppe Cecchini, O.P., titular bishop of Alicarnaso, archpriest of Altamura and Acquaviva delle Fonti.
Cardinalate
He was created Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Cosma e Damiano (deaconry elevated pro hac vicePro hac vice
Pro hac vice , Latin: "for this occasion" or "for this event", is a legal term usually referring to a lawyer who has not been admitted to practice in a certain jurisdiction but has been allowed to participate in a particular case in that jurisdiction.The right to appear pro hac vice is not...
to title) by Pope Benedict XV
Pope Benedict XV
Pope Benedict XV , born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, reigned as Pope from 3 September 1914 to 22 January 1922...
in the consistory
Consistory
-Antiquity:Originally, the Latin word consistorium meant simply 'sitting together', just as the Greek synedrion ....
of 6 December 1915. He remained in nunciature until November 1916. He participated in the conclave of 1922
Papal conclave, 1922
After a reign of just eight years, Pope Benedict XV died on 22 January 1922 of pneumonia. At his death there were 61 members of the College of Cardinals. However, later that same day, Enrique Almaraz y Santos, the Archbishop of Toledo, died, leaving a college of 60 cardinals to elect Pope...
that elected Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI , born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti, was Pope from 6 February 1922, and sovereign of Vatican City from its creation as an independent state on 11 February 1929 until his death on 10 February 1939...
. He was appointed Major Penitentiary on 8 January 1925 holding the post until December 9, 1927. Upon his appointment as Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church he took the title of San Lorenzo in Damaso
San Lorenzo in Damaso
San Lorenzo in Damaso is a basilica church in Rome, Italy, one of several dedicated to the Roman deacon and martyr Saint Lawrence...
. He died in 1933 at the age of 87.