Alexander Bogdanovich Engelhardt
Encyclopedia
Alexander Bogdanovich Engelhardt (1795–1859) was a Russian baron, lieutenant general
, and chief of Russian southern military settlement
s.
Engelhardt was born a member of the noble and baronial Engelhardt family
, and part of the nobility of the Courland
province (in Latvia
).
against Napoleon. He was awarded the Kulmsky Cross, an award essentially identical to the Iron Cross
, which was given by the Prussians to all participants in the 1813 Battle of Kulm
. He was promoted ensign
in 1814.
Two years later, at his own request, he was transferred with the rank of lieutenant to the Mitavsky Dragoon Regiment, in which he served until March 17, 1820, when he retired due to illness. He returned to the service on June 7, 1821, with the Starodub Cuirassier
Regiment.
Promoted in 1828 to the rank of major, he was made commander of the Starodubskii Regiment, a military settlement
. He commanded this settlement for about five years, being promoted to lieutenant colonel on June 18, 1830.
On March 31, 1833, Engelhardt was transferred to the cavalry, and in May 1834 was appointed commander of the Ordenskim Currasier Regiment (13th Dragoons Military Order of Field Marshal Count Minich Regiment).
On December 3, 1842, Englehardt was awarded the Order of St. George
, fourth degree, in recognition of his 25 years of irreproachable service as an officer.
On June 25, 1845, Englehard was promoted to Major General, and on February 6, 1847, was appointed commander of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Currasier Division.
system. From that time until his he death he served in the administration of military settlements. In April 1850 he was appointed commander of eight districts, on March 30, 1855, he was promoted to lieutenant general, and on January 15, 1865 he was made overall commander of all the southern military settlements.
Engelhardt died in early 1859. His brother Basil was also a lieutenant general and commander of the Life Guards Dragoon Regiment and later governor of Kovno.
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
, and chief of Russian southern military settlement
Military settlement
Military settlements represented a special organization of the Russian military forces in 1810–1857, which allowed the combination of military service and agricultural employment.-The beginning of the reform:...
s.
Engelhardt was born a member of the noble and baronial Engelhardt family
Engelhardt family
Engelhardt is a Baltic-German Russian noble and baronial family. The family name is sometimes given as "von Engelhardt".-History:The legendary founder of the Engelhardt dynasty, Carl Bernhard Engelhardt , served as a knight in the Third Crusade, launched to liberate the Holy Sepulchre...
, and part of the nobility of the Courland
Courland
Courland is one of the historical and cultural regions of Latvia. The regions of Semigallia and Selonia are sometimes considered as part of Courland.- Geography and climate :...
province (in Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
).
Military career
On May 27, 1813 he was appointed a cadet in the Life Guards Dragoon Regiment, and immediately took part in the War of the Sixth CoalitionWar of the Sixth Coalition
In the War of the Sixth Coalition , a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Spain and a number of German States finally defeated France and drove Napoleon Bonaparte into exile on Elba. After Napoleon's disastrous invasion of Russia, the continental powers...
against Napoleon. He was awarded the Kulmsky Cross, an award essentially identical to the Iron Cross
Iron Cross
The Iron Cross is a cross symbol typically in black with a white or silver outline that originated after 1219 when the Kingdom of Jerusalem granted the Teutonic Order the right to combine the Teutonic Black Cross placed above a silver Cross of Jerusalem....
, which was given by the Prussians to all participants in the 1813 Battle of Kulm
Battle of Kulm
The Battle of Kulm was a battle near the town Kulm and the village Přestanov in northern Bohemia. It was fought on 29–30 August 1813, during the War of the Sixth Coalition...
. He was promoted ensign
Ensign
An ensign is a national flag when used at sea, in vexillology, or a distinguishing token, emblem, or badge, such as a symbol of office in heraldry...
in 1814.
Two years later, at his own request, he was transferred with the rank of lieutenant to the Mitavsky Dragoon Regiment, in which he served until March 17, 1820, when he retired due to illness. He returned to the service on June 7, 1821, with the Starodub Cuirassier
Cuirassier
Cuirassiers were mounted cavalry soldiers equipped with armour and firearms, first appearing in late 15th-century Europe. They were the successors of the medieval armoured knights...
Regiment.
Promoted in 1828 to the rank of major, he was made commander of the Starodubskii Regiment, a military settlement
Military settlement
Military settlements represented a special organization of the Russian military forces in 1810–1857, which allowed the combination of military service and agricultural employment.-The beginning of the reform:...
. He commanded this settlement for about five years, being promoted to lieutenant colonel on June 18, 1830.
On March 31, 1833, Engelhardt was transferred to the cavalry, and in May 1834 was appointed commander of the Ordenskim Currasier Regiment (13th Dragoons Military Order of Field Marshal Count Minich Regiment).
On December 3, 1842, Englehardt was awarded the Order of St. George
Order of St. George
The Military Order of the Holy Great-Martyr and the Triumphant George The Military Order of the Holy Great-Martyr and the Triumphant George The Military Order of the Holy Great-Martyr and the Triumphant George (also known as Order of St. George the Triumphant, Russian: Военный орден Св...
, fourth degree, in recognition of his 25 years of irreproachable service as an officer.
On June 25, 1845, Englehard was promoted to Major General, and on February 6, 1847, was appointed commander of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Currasier Division.
Commander of military settlements
On September 37, 1846, he was appointed commander of the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Cavalry Districts in the military settlementMilitary settlement
Military settlements represented a special organization of the Russian military forces in 1810–1857, which allowed the combination of military service and agricultural employment.-The beginning of the reform:...
system. From that time until his he death he served in the administration of military settlements. In April 1850 he was appointed commander of eight districts, on March 30, 1855, he was promoted to lieutenant general, and on January 15, 1865 he was made overall commander of all the southern military settlements.
Engelhardt died in early 1859. His brother Basil was also a lieutenant general and commander of the Life Guards Dragoon Regiment and later governor of Kovno.