Albatrellus
Encyclopedia
Albatrellus is a genus
of 16 species in the Albatrellaceae
family. Species are common in northern temperate
forests, producing medium to large fleshy fruit bodies
of various colors.
of ITS
sequences of various Albatrellus species show that the genus is not monophyletic, and that the species may be divided into two clade
s. This corroborates prior phylogenetic analysis which suggested that Albatrellus consists of two separate groups with affinity to the Russuloid and Polyporoid clades.
, with fleshy fruit bodies
that differentiate into caps
and stems
; the stem is either central or eccentric to lateral. Fruit bodies are solitary or in clusters with stem bases or cap margins fused. Context
mostly tough-fleshy, white or becoming brightly colored. Hymenophore
regularly poroid. Hyphal system monomitic, the generative hyphae septate with or without clamp connections, with thin or somewhat thick, amyloid
or inamyloid, indextrinoid and acyanophilous walls; the majority of hyphae are clearly inflated (the fundamental hyphae). The basidiospore
s are ellipsoid to subglobose in shape, thin-walled to slightly thick-walled, with smooth, amyloid or inamyloid, indextrinoid and acyanophlious walls.
is sold commercially in Finland.
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of 16 species in the Albatrellaceae
Albatrellaceae
The Albatrellaceae are a family of fungi in the Polyporales order. The family contains 7 genera and 45 species.-Description:Species in the family produce fruit bodies which have typical mushroom morphology, with caps and stems.-Genera and species:...
family. Species are common in northern temperate
Temperate
In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...
forests, producing medium to large fleshy fruit bodies
Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome or basidioma , is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures...
of various colors.
Phylogeny
Recent parsimony analysisMaximum parsimony
Parsimony is a non-parametric statistical method commonly used in computational phylogenetics for estimating phylogenies. Under parsimony, the preferred phylogenetic tree is the tree that requires the least evolutionary change to explain some observed data....
of ITS
Internal transcribed spacer
ITS refers to a piece of non-functional RNA situated between structural ribosomal RNAs on a common precursor transcript. Read from 5' to 3', this polycistronic rRNA precursor transcript contains the 5' external transcribed sequence , 18S rRNA, ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, ITS2, 28S rRNA and finally the 3'ETS...
sequences of various Albatrellus species show that the genus is not monophyletic, and that the species may be divided into two clade
Clade
A clade is a group consisting of a species and all its descendants. In the terms of biological systematics, a clade is a single "branch" on the "tree of life". The idea that such a "natural group" of organisms should be grouped together and given a taxonomic name is central to biological...
s. This corroborates prior phylogenetic analysis which suggested that Albatrellus consists of two separate groups with affinity to the Russuloid and Polyporoid clades.
Description
Species of Albatrellus are terrestrialTerrestrial animal
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...
, with fleshy fruit bodies
Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome or basidioma , is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures...
that differentiate into caps
Pileus (mycology)
The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus...
and stems
Stipe (mycology)
thumb|150px|right|Diagram of a [[basidiomycete]] stipe with an [[annulus |annulus]] and [[volva |volva]]In mycology a stipe refers to the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal...
; the stem is either central or eccentric to lateral. Fruit bodies are solitary or in clusters with stem bases or cap margins fused. Context
Trama (mycology)
In mycology trama is a term for the inner, fleshy portion of a mushroom's basidiocarp, or fruit body. It is distinct from the outer layer of tissue, known as the pileipellis or cuticle, and from the spore-bearing tissue layer known as the hymenium....
mostly tough-fleshy, white or becoming brightly colored. Hymenophore
Hymenophore
A hymenophore refers to the hymenium-bearing structure of a fungal fruiting body. Hymenophores can be smooth surfaces, lamellae, folds, tubes, or teeth....
regularly poroid. Hyphal system monomitic, the generative hyphae septate with or without clamp connections, with thin or somewhat thick, amyloid
Amyloid
Amyloids are insoluble fibrous protein aggregates sharing specific structural traits. Abnormal accumulation of amyloid in organs may lead to amyloidosis, and may play a role in various neurodegenerative diseases.-Definition:...
or inamyloid, indextrinoid and acyanophilous walls; the majority of hyphae are clearly inflated (the fundamental hyphae). The basidiospore
Basidiospore
A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by Basidiomycete fungi. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia. In grills under a cap of one common species in the phylum of...
s are ellipsoid to subglobose in shape, thin-walled to slightly thick-walled, with smooth, amyloid or inamyloid, indextrinoid and acyanophlious walls.
Distribution
Twelve species of Albatrellus occur in North America. The edible Albatrellus ovinusAlbatrellus ovinus
Albatrellus ovinus is a terrestrial polypore fungus found in Northern Europe. It is very closely related to the more common A. subrubescens, from which it may be distinguished microscopically by the amyloid spore wall. It is edible and sold commercially in Finland.-Similar species:Albatrellus...
is sold commercially in Finland.
Species
- Albatrellus avellaneus
- Albatrellus borneensis
- Albatrellus caeruleoporus
- Albatrellus cantharellus
- Albatrellus cochleariformis
- Albatrellus confluensAlbatrellus confluensAlbatrellus confluens is a species of fungus in the genus Albatrellaceae....
- Albatrellus congoensis
- Albatrellus cristatus
- Albatrellus ellisii
- Albatrellus flettii
- Albatrellus ginnsii
- Albatrellus hirtus
- Albatrellus ovinusAlbatrellus ovinusAlbatrellus ovinus is a terrestrial polypore fungus found in Northern Europe. It is very closely related to the more common A. subrubescens, from which it may be distinguished microscopically by the amyloid spore wall. It is edible and sold commercially in Finland.-Similar species:Albatrellus...
- Albatrellus peckianus
- Albatrellus pes-caprae
- Albatrellus piceiphilus
- Albatrellus pilosus
- Albatrellus similis
- Albatrellus skamanius
- Albatrellus subrubescensAlbatrellus subrubescensAlbatrellus subrubescens is a terrestrial polypore fungus. The fruit bodies of the fungus have whitish to pale buff-colored caps that can reach up to in diameter, and stems up to long and thick. On the underside of the caps are light yellow to pale greenish yellow tiny pores, the site of spore...
- Albatrellus syringae
- Albatrellus tianschanicus
- Albatrellus yasudae
- Albatrellus yunnanensis