Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz
Encyclopedia
Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz was a Polish
architect and conservator of monuments. Between 1902 and 1909, he studied in Sankt Petersburg, later also in Austria
in Germany
. In 1910 Szyszko-Bohusz began lecturing at the Jagiellonian University
and at the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts
in Krakow. In 1912 he moved to Lwow, to lecture at the Lviv Polytechnic
, where he remained until 1916.
Upon returning to Krakow, in 1916, Szyszko-Bohusz was given the post of the director of renovation crew of the Wawel Castle
. Due to his efforts, several buildings as well as rooms of the castle were remodelled and renewed. He discovered remnants of the Romanesque prince’s palladium in front of the northern elevation of the castle (1921). In the years 1935-1938 he conducted restoration works in the western part of the cathedral. It was at that time that in St. Leonard’s crypt bishop Maurus’s tomb was found (d. 1118), as well as several fragments of the walls of the Romanesque cathedral and traces of its sequence of transformations. He created the sarcophagus of Juliusz Slowacki
and helped with creation of the crypt of Jozef Pilsudski
.
In 1920, Szyszko-Bohusz became director of Department of Antique Architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts, and two years later he became rector of the college. Between 1932 and 1939, he was a director of the Architecture Department at the Warsaw University of Technology
.
Szyszko-Bohusz was also a renowned architect. He designed his own family villa in Przegorzały
, the monumental office of the Krakow’s branch of PKO Bank Polski
(1924) and several other buildings in Krakow. He designed the Castle of the President of Poland in the town of Wisla
and the House of Health in Zakopane
. Also, Szyszko-Bohusz was editor of the Architekt monthly.
During World War II
, Szyszko-Bohusz, with permission of the Home Army, worked in a private German architectural office, and in 1945 he returned to his post at the Wawel Castle. In the same year, he co-created Architecture Department at the AGH University of Science and Technology
.
Szyszko-Bohusz was buried at the Rakowicki Cemetery
in Krakow.
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
architect and conservator of monuments. Between 1902 and 1909, he studied in Sankt Petersburg, later also in Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
in Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. In 1910 Szyszko-Bohusz began lecturing at the Jagiellonian University
Jagiellonian University
The Jagiellonian University was established in 1364 by Casimir III the Great in Kazimierz . It is the oldest university in Poland, the second oldest university in Central Europe and one of the oldest universities in the world....
and at the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts
Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts
The Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts, or Kraków Academy of Fine Arts , located in Kraków, Poland, is the oldest Polish fine-arts academy, established in 1818.It is a state-run university that offers 5- and 6-year Master's degree programs...
in Krakow. In 1912 he moved to Lwow, to lecture at the Lviv Polytechnic
Lviv Polytechnic
Lviv Polytechnic National University is the largest scientific university in Lviv. Since its foundation in 1844, it was one of the most important centres of science and technological development in Central Europe. In the interbellum period, the Polytechnic was one of the most important technical...
, where he remained until 1916.
Upon returning to Krakow, in 1916, Szyszko-Bohusz was given the post of the director of renovation crew of the Wawel Castle
Wawel Castle
The Gothic Wawel Castle in Kraków in Poland was built at the behest of Casimir III the Great and consists of a number of structures situated around the central courtyard. In the 14th century it was rebuilt by Jogaila and Jadwiga of Poland. Their reign saw the addition of the tower called the Hen's...
. Due to his efforts, several buildings as well as rooms of the castle were remodelled and renewed. He discovered remnants of the Romanesque prince’s palladium in front of the northern elevation of the castle (1921). In the years 1935-1938 he conducted restoration works in the western part of the cathedral. It was at that time that in St. Leonard’s crypt bishop Maurus’s tomb was found (d. 1118), as well as several fragments of the walls of the Romanesque cathedral and traces of its sequence of transformations. He created the sarcophagus of Juliusz Slowacki
Juliusz Slowacki
Juliusz Słowacki was a Polish Romantic poet. He is considered one of the "Three Bards" of Polish literature — a major figure in the Polish Romantic period, and the father of modern Polish drama. His works often feature elements of Slavic pagan traditions, Polish history, mysticism and orientalism....
and helped with creation of the crypt of Jozef Pilsudski
Józef Pilsudski
Józef Klemens Piłsudski was a Polish statesman—Chief of State , "First Marshal" , and authoritarian leader of the Second Polish Republic. From mid-World War I he had a major influence in Poland's politics, and was an important figure on the European political scene...
.
In 1920, Szyszko-Bohusz became director of Department of Antique Architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts, and two years later he became rector of the college. Between 1932 and 1939, he was a director of the Architecture Department at the Warsaw University of Technology
Warsaw University of Technology
The Warsaw University of Technology is one of the leading institutes of technology in Poland, and one of the largest in Central Europe. It employs 2,453 teaching faculty, with 357 professors . The student body numbers 36,156 , mostly full-time. There are 17 faculties covering almost all fields of...
.
Szyszko-Bohusz was also a renowned architect. He designed his own family villa in Przegorzały
Przegorzały
Przegorzały – a district in Kraków , located west of the city centre. Originally a separate village, it was first mentioned in 1162 as the property of the Norbertine Sisters. Przegorzały was incorporated into the city of Kraków by the Nazi occupiers in 1941...
, the monumental office of the Krakow’s branch of PKO Bank Polski
PKO Bank Polski
Powszechna Kasa Oszczędności Bank Polski Spółka Akcyjna is Poland's largest bank. It provides services to individual and business clients. The core business activity of PKO Bank Polski is retail banking...
(1924) and several other buildings in Krakow. He designed the Castle of the President of Poland in the town of Wisla
Wisla
Wisła is a town in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, with a population of about 11,810 , near the border with Czech Republic in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. It is situated in the Silesian Beskids mountain range...
and the House of Health in Zakopane
Zakopane
Zakopane , is a town in southern Poland. It lies in the southern part of the Podhale region at the foot of the Tatra Mountains. From 1975 to 1998 it was in of Nowy Sącz Province, but since 1999 it has been in Lesser Poland Province. It had a population of about 28,000 as of 2004. Zakopane is a...
. Also, Szyszko-Bohusz was editor of the Architekt monthly.
During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Szyszko-Bohusz, with permission of the Home Army, worked in a private German architectural office, and in 1945 he returned to his post at the Wawel Castle. In the same year, he co-created Architecture Department at the AGH University of Science and Technology
AGH University of Science and Technology
AGH University of Science and Technology is the second largest technical university in Poland, located in Kraków. The university was established in 1919, and was formerly known as the University of Mining and Metallurgy...
.
Szyszko-Bohusz was buried at the Rakowicki Cemetery
Rakowicki Cemetery
Rakowicki Cemetery is one of the best known cemeteries of Poland, located in the centre of Kraków. It lies within the Administrative District No. 1 Stare Miasto meaning "Old Town" – not to be confused with the historic Kraków Old Town further west...
in Krakow.