Academia Mihaileana
Encyclopedia
Iasi
Iași is the second most populous city and a municipality in Romania. Located in the historical Moldavia region, Iași has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Romanian social, cultural, academic and artistic life...
, Moldavia
Moldavia
Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
, and active in the first part of the 19th century. Like other Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of Europe. The term has widely disparate geopolitical, geographical, cultural and socioeconomic readings, which makes it highly context-dependent and even volatile, and there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region"...
ean institutions of its kind, it was both a high school
High school
High school is a term used in parts of the English speaking world to describe institutions which provide all or part of secondary education. The term is often incorporated into the name of such institutions....
and a higher learning
Higher education
Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education refers to the stage of learning that occurs at universities, academies, colleges, seminaries, and institutes of technology...
institute, housing several faculties.
History
Academia Mihăileană's founder is intellectual Gheorghe AsachiGheorghe Asachi
Gheorghe Asachi was a Moldavian-born Romanian prose writer, poet, painter, historian, dramatist and translator. An Enlightenment-educated polymath and polyglot, he was one of the most influential people of his generation...
, who obtained the permission and support of the ruling Prince Mihail Sturdza
Mihail Sturdza
Mihail Sturdza was a prince of Moldavia from 1834 to 1849. A man of liberal education, he established the Mihaileana Academy, a kind of university, in Iaşi. He brought scholars from foreign countries to act as teachers, and gave a very powerful stimulus to the educational development of the...
. It derived its Mihăileană name from the monarch's first name (literally: "Michaelian Academy"). Sturdza issued the official decision which authorized the founding of the Academy in 1834. Because the institution was not assigned a building of its own, courses began at the Vasilian Gymnasium, a school founded by the same Asachi in 1828. On June 6, 1835 the academy had its official inauguration on separate premises, with the participation of Prince Sturdza.
Although Academia Mihăileană no longer provided faculty courses after 1847, it was not legally disaffected, and temporarily suspended its activity (during a time of political turmoil caused by the frequent Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
-Russian
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
clashes on Moldavia's soil, and the periods of Russian occupation).
In 1860 Domnitor
Domnitor
Domnitor was the official title of the ruler of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1859 and 1866....
Alexander John Cuza
Alexander John Cuza
Alexander John Cuza was a Moldavian-born Romanian politician who ruled as the first Domnitor of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia between 1859 and 1866.-Early life:...
decided to disestablish the institution and split its patrimony. Its faculties were set up as a nucleus for the newly-established University of Iaşi, while the inferior courses were re-created as the National High-School Iași (where studies lasted 7 years). Many of the academy’s professors continued their activity within the University.
Organisation
Academia Mihăileană was organized in three faculties, of Law, Philosophy and Theology, following the model of its predecessor, the Princely Academy from IaşiPrincely Academy from Iasi
The Princely Academy of Iași was an institution of higher learning, active in the 18th and 19th centuries.- History :Founded in Iași by the Prince Antioh Cantemir in 1707, the Academy symbolically continued the Academia Vasiliană, although no direct link exists between the two similar institutions...
(1707-1821), where Asachi had been a teacher of Applied Sciences and Engineering from 1814 to 1819. The program of study in the faculties of Philosophy and Theology lasted two years, while the Faculty of Law took three years. In order to get into the faculty of law, one had to first graduate from in Philosophy.
The Academy delivered certificates of study, but not specific academic degrees. Like present-day graduates of the French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
École Normale Supérieure
École Normale Supérieure
The École normale supérieure is one of the most prestigious French grandes écoles...
, students who completed courses at Academia Mihăileană only received a certificate that gave them the right to work in the service of the state, in administration, justice or education. Due to the quality of the study programs and to the qualification of the professors (most of them had a PhD
PHD
PHD may refer to:*Ph.D., a doctorate of philosophy*Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*PHD finger, a protein sequence*PHD Mountain Software, an outdoor clothing and equipment company*PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...
from Austrian
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
or Hungarian
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
universities and were members of various academic associations), the Western universities readily recognized the Academy's study certificates. Their possessors could enlist directly in a doctoral program, similar to graduates of any Western university in the period.
Notable faculty and alumni
- Simion BărnuţiuSimion BarnutiuSimion Bărnuţiu was a Transylvanian-born Romanian historian, academic, philosopher, jurist, and liberal politician. A leader of the 1848 revolutionary movement of Transylvanian Romanians, he represented its Eastern Rite Catholic wing...
(1808-1864), philosopher and jurist - Dimitrie Asachi (1820-1868), mathematician
- Damaschin Bojincă (1802-1869), professor, politician, historian
- Alexandru Costinescu (1812-1872), architect engineer
- Iacob Cihac (1800-1888), medical doctor, professor of natural history
- Anastasie Fătu (1816-1886), medical doctor and naturalist, founder of the Iaşi Botanical Garden
- Christian Flechtenmacher (1785-1843), jurist, legislator, professor of Law
- Ion GhicaIon GhicaIon Ghica was a Romanian revolutionary, mathematician, diplomat and twice Prime Minister of Romania . He was a full member of the Romanian Academy and its president for four times...
(1816-1897), revolutionary, politician, diplomat, writer, professor - Dimitrie GustiDimitrie GustiDimitrie Gusti was a Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian, and voluntarist philosopher; a professor at the University of Iaşi and the University of Bucharest, he served as Romania's Minister of Education in 1932-1933...
(1818-1887), writer, politician, professor - Ion Ionescu de la BradIon Ionescu de la BradIon Ionescu de la Brad , born Ion Isăcescu, was a Moldavian-born Romanian revolutionary, agronomist, statistician, scholar and writer....
(1818-1891), revolutionary, agronomist, professor, scholar - Mihail KogălniceanuMihail KogalniceanuMihail Kogălniceanu was a Moldavian-born Romanian liberal statesman, lawyer, historian and publicist; he became Prime Minister of Romania October 11, 1863, after the 1859 union of the Danubian Principalities under Domnitor Alexander John Cuza, and later served as Foreign Minister under Carol I. He...
(1817-1891), politician, historian, professor - Gheorghe Lemeni (1813-1848), painter
- Petre Maler-Câmpeanu (1809-1893), professor of philosophy, philologist
- Eftimie MurguEftimie MurguEftimie Murgu was a Romanian politician who took part in the 1848 Revolutions.He was born in Rudăria to Samu Murgu, an officer in the Imperial Army and Cumbria Murgu...
(1805-1870), revolutionary, politician, professor of philosophy - Gheorghe Năstăseanu (1812-1864), painter
- Gheorghe Panaiteanu BardasareGheorghe Panaiteanu BardasareGheorghe Panaiteanu Bardasare was a Romanian painter.- External links :# http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gheorghe_Panaiteanu-Bardasare#Biografie*...
(1816-1900), painter and graphician - Gheorghe Săulescu (1798-1864), philologist, poet, professor of universal history and logic
- Filaret Scriban (1811-1873), theologian, translator, professor of rhetoric, poetry and mythology
- Neofit Scriban (1808-1884), theologian, writer
- Teodor Stamati (1812-1852), physicist and mathematician
- Anton Velini (1812-1873), professor of philosophy, pedagogue
See also
- Academia VasilianăVasilian CollegeThe Vasilian College or Vasilian Academy was an institution of higher learning in the Principality of Moldavia, founded by Prince Vasile Lupu in 1640....
- The Princely Academy
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza UniversityAlexandru Ioan Cuza UniversityThe Alexandru Ioan Cuza University is a public university located in Iaşi, Romania. The University of Iaşi, as it was named at first, is the oldest higher education institution in Romania, founded one year after the establishment of the Romanian state, by an 1860 decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan...