ATC code N06
Encyclopedia
N06AA Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors
- N06AA01 DesipramineDesipramineDesipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant . It inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and to a lesser extent serotonin. It is used to treat depression, but not considered a first line treatment since the introduction of SSRI antidepressants...
- N06AA02 ImipramineImipramineImipramine , also known as melipramine, is an antidepressant medication, a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzazepine group...
- N06AA03 Imipramine oxide
- N06AA04 ClomipramineClomipramineClomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant . It was developed in the 1960s by the Swiss drug manufacturer Geigy and has been in clinical use worldwide ever since.- Indications :...
- N06AA05 OpipramolOpipramolOpipramol is an antidepressant and anxiolytic used in Germany and other European countries. Although it is a member of the tricyclic antidepressants, opipramol's primary mechanism of action is much different in comparison...
- N06AA06 TrimipramineTrimipramineTrimipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant . It has antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, sedative, and analgesic effects.- Indications :...
- N06AA07 LofepramineLofepramineLofepramine is a third Generation tricyclic antidepressant which was introduced in 1983 for the treatment of depressive disorders. It is partially converted to its active metabolite desipramine in vivo...
- N06AA08 DibenzepinDibenzepinDibenzepin is a tricyclic antidepressant used widely throughout Europe for the treatment of depression. It has similar efficacy and effects relative to other TCAs like imipramine but with fewer side effects...
- N06AA09 AmitriptylineAmitriptylineAmitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant . It is the most widely used TCA and has at least equal efficacy against depression as the newer class of SSRIs...
- N06AA10 NortriptylineNortriptylineNortriptyline is a second-generation tricyclic antidepressant marketed as the hydrochloride salt under the trade names Sensoval, Aventyl, Pamelor, Norpress, Allegron, Noritren and Nortrilen. It is used in the treatment of major depression and childhood nocturnal enuresis...
- N06AA11 ProtriptylineProtriptylineProtriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant , specifically a secondary amine, indicated for the treatment of depression and ADHD...
- N06AA12 DoxepinDoxepinDoxepin is a psychotropic agent with tricyclic antidepressant and anxiolytic properties, known under many brand-names such as Aponal, the original preparation by Boehringer-Mannheim, now part of the Roche group; Adapine, Doxal , Deptran, Sinquan and Sinequan...
- N06AA13 IprindoleIprindoleIprindole , formerly known as pramindole, is a tricyclic antidepressant used in Europe for the treatment of depression. It was introduced by Wyeth and has been used clinically since 1967...
- N06AA14 MelitracenMelitracenMelitracen is a tricyclic antidepressant marketed in Europe and Japan by Lundbeck and Takeda, respectively, for the treatment of depression and anxiety...
- N06AA15 ButriptylineButriptylineButriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant which has been used in Europe since 1974...
- N06AA16 Dosulepin
- N06AA17 AmoxapineAmoxapineAmoxapine is a tetracyclic antidepressant of the dibenzoxazepine family, though it is often classified as a secondary amine tricyclic antidepressant.- Uses :...
- N06AA18 DimetacrineDimetacrineDimetacrine , also known as dimethacrine and acripramine, is a tricyclic antidepressant used in Europe and formerly in Japan for the treatment of depression...
- N06AA19 AmineptineAmineptineAmineptine was developed by the French Society of Medical research in the 1960s. Under the trade-names is used as an atypical tricyclic antidepressant that selectively inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and to a lesser extent norepinephrine, thus exerting a powerful and fast-acting...
- N06AA21 MaprotilineMaprotilineMaprotiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant . It is a strong norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with only weak effects on serotonin and dopamine reuptake....
- N06AA23 QuinupramineQuinupramineQuinupramine is a tricyclic antidepressant used in Europe for the treatment of depression....
N06AB Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors or serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor are a class of compounds typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, and some personality disorders. The efficacy of SSRIs is disputed...
s
- N06AB02 ZimelidineZimelidineZimelidine was the first selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant to be marketed. It is a pyridylallylamine, and is structurally different from other antidepressants....
- N06AB03 FluoxetineFluoxetineFluoxetine is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It is manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company...
- N06AB04 CitalopramCitalopramCitalopram brand names: Celexa, Cipramil) is an antidepressant drug of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It has U.S...
- N06AB05 ParoxetineParoxetineParoxetine is an SSRI antidepressant. Marketing of the drug began in 1992 by the pharmaceutical company SmithKline Beecham, now GlaxoSmithKline...
- N06AB06 SertralineSertralineSertraline hydrochloride is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It was introduced to the market by Pfizer in 1991. Sertraline is primarily used to treat major depression in adult outpatients as well as obsessive–compulsive, panic, and social anxiety disorders in...
- N06AB07 AlaproclateAlaproclateAlaproclate is a psychoactive drug and research chemical that was being developed as an antidepressant by the Swedish pharmaceutical company Astra AB in the 1970s. It acts as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor , and along with zimelidine and indalpine, was one of the first of its kind...
- N06AB08 FluvoxamineFluvoxamineFluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor . Fluvoxamine was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1993 for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder . Fluvoxamine CR is approved to treat social anxiety disorder...
- N06AB09 EtoperidoneEtoperidoneEtoperidone , also known as clopradone and thozalinone, is an antidepressant of the phenylpiperazine class which was introduced in Europe in 1977...
- N06AB10 EscitalopramEscitalopramEscitalopram is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor class. It is approved by the U.S...
N06AF Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, non-selective
- N06AF01 IsocarboxazidIsocarboxazidIsocarboxazid is an irreversible and nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitor of the hydrazine chemical class used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic...
- N06AF02 NialamideNialamideNialamide is an irreversible and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor of the hydrazine chemical class used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic...
- N06AF03 PhenelzinePhenelzinePhenelzine is a non-selective and irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor of the hydrazine class which is used as an antidepressant and anxiolytic...
- N06AF04 TranylcypromineTranylcypromineTranylcypromine is a drug of the substituted phenethylamine and amphetamine classes which acts as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor —it is a non-selective and irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase...
- N06AF05 Iproniazide
- N06AF06 IproclozideIproclozideIproclozide is an irreversible and selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor of the hydrazine chemical class that was used as an antidepressant, but has since been discontinued...
N06AG Monoamine oxidase A inhibitors
- N06AG02 MoclobemideMoclobemideMoclobemide is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor drug primarily used to treat depression and social anxiety. Although clinical trials with the medicine began in 1977, it is not approved for use in the United States...
- N06AG03 ToloxatoneToloxatoneToloxatone is an antidepressant launched in 1984 for the treatment of depression. It acts as a selective reversible inhibitor of MAO-A .- References :...
N06AX Other antidepressants
- N06AX01 Oxitriptan
- N06AX02 TryptophanTryptophanTryptophan is one of the 20 standard amino acids, as well as an essential amino acid in the human diet. It is encoded in the standard genetic code as the codon UGG...
- N06AX03 MianserinMianserinMianserin is a psychoactive drug of the tetracyclic antidepressant chemical class which is classified as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant and has antidepressant, anxiolytic, hypnotic, antiemetic, orexigenic, and antihistamine effects...
- N06AX04 NomifensineNomifensineNomifensine is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor developed by a team at Hoechst AG in the 1960s.. The drug was test-marketed in the United States by Hoechst AG , i.e. a drug that increases the amount of synaptic norepinephrine and dopamine available to receptors by blocking the dopamine...
- N06AX05 TrazodoneTrazodoneTrazodone is an antidepressant of the serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor class. It is a phenylpiperazine compound...
- N06AX06 NefazodoneNefazodoneNefazodone is an antidepressant marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. Its sale was discontinued in 2003 in some countries due to the rare incidence of hepatotoxicity , which could lead to the need for a liver transplant, or even death. The incidence of severe liver damage is approximately 1 in every...
- N06AX07 MinaprineMinaprineMinaprine is an antidepressant used in France for the treatment of depression. It acts as a reversible inhibitor of MAO-A . It has also been found to inhibit acetylcholinesterase.- References :...
- N06AX08 BifemelaneBifemelaneBifemelane is a pharmaceutical drug used in the treatment of senile dementia in Japan. It has nootropic, neuroprotective, and antidepressant effects, and acts through the cholinergic system in the brain. Bifemelane is also useful for the treatment of glaucoma....
- N06AX09 ViloxazineViloxazineViloxazine is a bicyclic antidepressant morpholine derivative that acts as a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor...
- N06AX10 OxaflozaneOxaflozaneOxaflozane is an antidepressant and anxiolytic drug that was introduced in France in 1982 by Solvay for the treatment of depression, but has since been abandoned. It is a prodrug to N-dealkyloxaflozane, which acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist for the 5-HT1A , 5-HT2A , and 5-HT2C ...
- N06AX11 MirtazapineMirtazapineMirtazapine is a tetracyclic antidepressant used primarily in the treatment of depression. It is also sometimes used as a hypnotic, antiemetic, and appetite stimulant, and for the treatment of anxiety, among other indications...
- N06AX12 BupropionBupropionBupropion is an atypical antidepressant and smoking cessation aid. The drug is a non-tricyclic antidepressant and differs from most commonly prescribed antidepressants such as SSRIs, as its primary pharmacological action is thought to be norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibition...
- N06AX13 MedifoxamineMedifoxamineMedifoxamine is an antidepressant which acts as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and agonist at the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. It was used mainly in France, but was withdrawn following problems with hepatotoxicity....
- N06AX14 TianeptineTianeptineTianeptine was discovered by The French Society of Medical Research in the 1960s. Under the trade-names it is a drug used for treating major depressive episodes ....
- N06AX15 PivagabinePivagabinePivagabine is an antidepressant and anxiolytic drug which was introduced in Italy in 1997 for the treatment of depressive and maladaptive syndromes. Originally believed to function as a prodrug to GABA, pivagabine is now believed to act via its inhibitory effects on corticotropin-releasing factor ....
- N06AX16 VenlafaxineVenlafaxineVenlafaxine is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor class. First introduced by Wyeth in 1993, now marketed by Pfizer, it is licensed for the treatment of major depressive disorder , as a treatment for generalized anxiety disorder, and comorbid indications in...
- N06AX17 MilnacipranMilnacipranMilnacipran is a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used in the clinical treatment of fibromyalgia...
- N06AX18 ReboxetineReboxetineReboxetine is a drug marketed as an antidepressant for use in the treatment of clinical depression, panic disorder and ADD/ADHD, developed by Pharmacia . Its mesylate salt is sold under tradenames including Edronax, Norebox, Prolift, Solvex, Davedax or Vestra...
- N06AX19 GepironeGepironeGepirone is a psychoactive drug and research chemical of the piperazine and azapirone chemical classes. It is currently under clinical development in an extended release form as an anxiolytic and antidepressant agent...
- N06AX21 DuloxetineDuloxetineDuloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly. It is effective for major depressive disorder and has been shown to be as effective as venlafaxine for generalized anxiety disorder...
- N06AX22 Agomelatine
- N06AX23 DesvenlafaxineDesvenlafaxineDesvenlafaxine , also known as O-desmethylvenlafaxine, is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor class developed and marketed by Wyeth . Desvenlafaxine is a synthetic form of the major active metabolite of venlafaxine...
- QN06AX90 SelegilineSelegilineSelegiline is a drug used for the treatment of early-stage Parkinson's disease, depression and senile dementia. In normal clinical doses it is a selective irreversible MAO-B inhibitor, however in larger doses it loses its specificity and also inhibits MAO-A...
N06BA Centrally acting sympathomimetics
- N06BA01 AmphetamineAmphetamineAmphetamine or amfetamine is a psychostimulant drug of the phenethylamine class which produces increased wakefulness and focus in association with decreased fatigue and appetite.Brand names of medications that contain, or metabolize into, amphetamine include Adderall, Dexedrine, Dextrostat,...
- N06BA02 Dexamphetamine
- N06BA03 Dextromethamphetamine
- N06BA04 MethylphenidateMethylphenidateMethylphenidate is a psychostimulant drug approved for treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and narcolepsy. It may also be prescribed for off-label use in treatment-resistant cases of lethargy, depression, neural insult and obesity...
- N06BA05 PemolinePemolinePemoline was first synthesized in 1913 but it's activity was not discovered until the 1930s. Under the names it was used as a medication used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. Under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, it is a Schedule IV drug...
- N06BA06 Fencamfamin
- N06BA07 ModafinilModafinilModafinil is an analeptic drug manufactured by Cephalon, and is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea...
- N06BA08 FenozoloneFenozoloneFenozolone was developed by Laboratoires Dausse in the 1960s and is a psychoactive drug and stimulant related to pemoline and 4-methylaminorex which acts as a norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent .-See also:* 4-Methylaminorex...
- N06BA09 Atomoxetine
- N06BA10 Fenetylline
- N06BA11 DexmethylphenidateDexmethylphenidateDexmethylphenidate, otherwise known as d-threo-methylphenidate , is the dextrorotatory enantiomer of methylphenidate. It is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor and releasing agent and thus a psychostimulant, which affects the CNS...
- N06BA12 Lisdexamfetamine
N06BC XanthineXanthineXanthine , is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids and in other organisms. A number of stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine and theobromine....
derivatives
- N06BC01 CaffeineCaffeineCaffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a stimulant drug. Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some plants, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding on the plants...
- N06BC02 PropentofyllinePropentofyllinePropentofylline is a xanthine derivative with purported neuroprotective effects.-Pharmacology:It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.It also acts as an adenosine reuptake inhibitor.-Uses:...
N06BX Other psychostimulants and nootropics
- N06BX01 Meclofenoxate
- N06BX02 PyritinolPyritinolPyritinol also called pyridoxine disulfide or pyrithioxine is a semi-natural water soluble analog of vitamin B6 . It was produced in 1961 by Merck Laboratories by bonding 2 vitamin B6 compounds together with a disulfide bridge...
- N06BX03 PiracetamPiracetamPiracetam is a nootropic drug. Piracetam's chemical name is 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide; it shares the same 2-oxo-pyrrolidone base structure with 2-oxo-pyrrolidine carboxylic acid . Piracetam is a cyclic derivative of GABA. It is one of the group of racetams...
- N06BX04 Deanol
- N06BX05 FipexideFipexideFipexide is a psychoactive drug of the piperazine chemical class which was developed in Italy in 1983. It was used as a nootropic drug in Italy and France, mainly for the treatment of senile dementia, but is no longer in common use due to the occurrence of rare adverse drug reactions including...
- N06BX06 CiticolineCiticolineCiticoline , also known as cytidine diphosphate-choline & cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine is a psychostimulant/nootropic. It is an intermediate in the generation of phosphatidylcholine from choline...
- N06BX07 OxiracetamOxiracetamOxiracetam is a nootropic drug of the racetam family.Several animal studies suggest that the substance is safe even when high doses are consumed for a long period of time...
- N06BX08 PirisudanolPirisudanolPirisudanol , also known as pyrisuccideanol, is the succinic acid ester of pyridoxine and of deanol . It has been used in Europe in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment as well as fatigue and depression.- References :...
- N06BX09 LinopirdineLinopirdineLinopirdine is a psychostimulant/nootropic, which has neuroprotective effects. It acts as a potassium channel blocker, and releases acetylcholine, which is probably responsible for its nootropic action.-References:...
- N06BX10 NizofenoneNizofenoneNizofenone is a psychostimulant/nootropic. It has been shown to have neuroprotective effects and protects neurons from death following cerebral anoxia . It might thus be useful in the treatment of acute neurological conditions such as stroke....
- N06BX11 AniracetamAniracetamAniracetam is an ampakine and nootropic of the racetam chemical class purported to be considerably more potent than piracetam. It is lipid-soluble and has possible cognition-enhancing effects. It has been tested in animals extensively, Alzheimer's patients, and temporarily-impaired healthy subjects...
- N06BX12 AcetylcarnitineAcetylcarnitineAcetyl-L-carnitine or ALCAR, is an acetylated form of L-carnitine. It is a dietary supplement and naturally occurs in plants and animals.- Biochemical Production and Action :ALCAR is an acetylated derivative of L-carnitine...
- N06BX13 IdebenoneIdebenoneIdebenone is an experimental drug, initially developed by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive defects. This has been met with limited success. The Swiss company Santhera Pharmaceuticals has started to investigate it for the treatment of...
- N06BX14 ProlintaneProlintaneProlintane is a stimulant of norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors developed in the 1950s which is closely related in chemical structure to other drugs such as pyrovalerone and MDPV, and with a similar mechanism of action. It is a mild stimulant with a very good safety profile...
- N06BX15 PipradrolPipradrolPipradrol is a mild central nervous system stimulant that is no longer widely used in most countries due to concerns about its abuse potential, although this is less of a problem than with other stimulants that still are in current use such as methylphenidate...
- N06BX16 PramiracetamPramiracetamPramiracetam is a nootropic dietary supplement derived from piracetam, and is more potent . It belongs to the racetam family of nootropics....
- N06BX17 AdrafinilAdrafinilAdrafinil is a mild central nervous system stimulant drug used to relieve excessive sleepiness and inattention in elderly patients...
- N06BX18 VinpocetineVinpocetineVinpocetine is a semisynthetic derivative alkaloid of vincamine , an extract from the periwinkle plant....
N06CA Antidepressants in combination with psycholeptics
- N06CA01 AmitriptylineAmitriptylineAmitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant . It is the most widely used TCA and has at least equal efficacy against depression as the newer class of SSRIs...
and psycholeptics - N06CA02 MelitracenMelitracenMelitracen is a tricyclic antidepressant marketed in Europe and Japan by Lundbeck and Takeda, respectively, for the treatment of depression and anxiety...
and psycholeptics
N06DA Anticholinesterases
- N06DA01 TacrineTacrineTacrine is a centrally acting anticholinesterase and indirect cholinergic agonist . It was the first centrally-acting cholinesterase inhibitor approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and was marketed under the trade name Cognex. Tacrine was first synthesised by Adrien Albert at the...
- N06DA02 DonepezilDonepezilDonepezil, marketed under the trade name Aricept by its developer Eisai and partner Pfizer, is a centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Its main therapeutic use is in the palliative treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. Common side effects include...
- N06DA03 RivastigmineRivastigmineRivastigmine is a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type and dementia due to Parkinson's disease. The drug can be administered orally or via a transdermal patch; the latter form reduces the prevalence of side effects, which...
- N06DA04 GalantamineGalantamineGalantamine is used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease and various other memory impairments, in particular those of vascular origin...
N06DX Other anti-dementia drugs
- N06DX01 Memantine
- N06DX02 Ginkgo biloba