322d Air Expeditionary Group
Encyclopedia
The 322d Air Expeditionary Group (322 AEG) is a provisional United States Air Force
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on September 18, 1947 under the National Security Act of...

 unit assigned to the United States Air Forces in Europe
United States Air Forces in Europe
The United States Air Forces in Europe is the United States Air Force component of U.S. European Command, a Department of Defense unified command, and is one of two Air Force Major Commands outside of the continental United States, the other being the Pacific Air Forces...

. As a provisional unit, it may be activated or inactivated at any time.

The group appears to have been activated periodically on-order to provide support to U.S./AU activities in Africa under USAFE's Seventeenth Air Force
Seventeenth Air Force
Seventeenth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force located at Ramstein Air Base, Germany. The command served the United States Air Forces in Europe during its years of active service...

. In 2004, elements of the Group assisted the AU deployment to Sudan.

During World War II, the group's predecessor unit, the 322d Bombardment Group (Medium) was a B-26 Marauder
B-26 Marauder
The Martin B-26 Marauder was a World War II twin-engine medium bomber built by the Glenn L. Martin Company. First used in the Pacific Theater in early 1942, it was also used in the Mediterranean Theater and in Western Europe....

 bombardment group assigned to the Eighth
Eighth Air Force
The Eighth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Global Strike Command . It is headquartered at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana....

 and later Ninth Air Force
Ninth Air Force
The Ninth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force's Air Combat Command . It is headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina....

.

322d Bombardment Group (Medium)

Constituted as 322d Bombardment Group (Medium) on 19 June 1942. Activated on 17 July 1942. Trained with Martin B-26 Marauder
B-26 Marauder
The Martin B-26 Marauder was a World War II twin-engine medium bomber built by the Glenn L. Martin Company. First used in the Pacific Theater in early 1942, it was also used in the Mediterranean Theater and in Western Europe....

 aircraft. Part of the group moved overseas to RAF Bury St Edmunds
RAF Bury St Edmunds
RAF Bury St Edmunds was a World War II airfield in England. The field is located 3 miles east of Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk. The airfield, now in private ownership and much reduced in size, is still active and is known as Rougham Airfield....

, England, November–December 1942; planes and crews followed, March–April 1943. Initially assigned to the Eighth Air Force. The group was assigned to the 3d Bomb Wing.

Ongoing construction at Bury St. Edmunds forced two of the group's squadrons to locate at RAF Rattlesden
RAF Rattlesden
RAF Rattlesden is a former World War II airfield in England. The field is located 9 miles SE of Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk.-USAAF use:Rattlesden airfield was built in 1942 as a Class A bomber airfield. The airfield had three intersecting concrete runways, perimeter track and, for USAAF use,...

, and the group's aircraft did not arrive until late in March 1943. Once operational, the 322d flew two low-level bombing operations from Bury St. Edmunds. The first, on 14 May when it dispatched 12 planes for a minimum-level attack on an electrical generating plant near Ijtnuiden. This was the first operational combat mission flown by B-26s.

The second was a disastrous mission to Holland on Monday, 17 May, when the group sent 11 aircraft on a similar operation from which none of the aircraft penetrating the enemy coast, returned. 60 crewmen were lost to flak and interceptors. Group morale was not improved when, on 29 May, a B-26 crashed onto the airfield killing the crew and damaging a hangar.

After these missions, the group was re-equipped and trained for medium-altitude operations for several weeks before returning to combat operations. On 13 June, the 322d moved to RAF Andrews Field
RAF Andrews Field
RAF Station Andrews Field is a former World War II airfield in Essex, England. The airfield is located approximately east-northeast of Great Dunmow; about north-northeast of London...

 in Essex.

In common with other Marauder units of the 3d Bomb Wing, the 322d was transferred to Ninth Air Force on 16 October 1943. The group attacked enemy airfields in France, Belgium, and Holland attacking the principal targets but the group also attacked secondary targets such as power stations, shipyards, construction works, and marshalling yards.

On 11 December 1943 Andrews Field was attacked by the Luftwaffe but little damage was done and beginning in March 1944 the 322d bombed railway and highway bridges, oil tanks, and missile sites in preparation for the invasion of Normandy
Operation Overlord
Operation Overlord was the code name for the Battle of Normandy, the operation that launched the invasion of German-occupied western Europe during World War II by Allied forces. The operation commenced on 6 June 1944 with the Normandy landings...

.

On 8 May 1944, one of the 322nd aircraft, nicknamed "Mild and Bitter" (serial 41-31819) became the first B-26 flying from England to complete 100 combat missions. Another B-26, "Flak Bait" (41-31773) survived to the end of hostilities with 202 missions to its credit, the only US bomber involved in combat over Europe to pass the 200 mark.

On D-Day
D-Day
D-Day is a term often used in military parlance to denote the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated. "D-Day" often represents a variable, designating the day upon which some significant event will occur or has occurred; see Military designation of days and hours for similar...

, 6 June 1944 the 322d Bomb Group attacked coastal defences and gun batteries. Afterwards, during the Normandy campaign, the 322d pounded fuel and ammunition dumps, bridges, and road junctions, supporting the Allied offensive at Caen
Caen
Caen is a commune in northwestern France. It is the prefecture of the Calvados department and the capital of the Basse-Normandie region. It is located inland from the English Channel....

 and the breakthrough at Saint-Lô
Saint-Lô
Saint-Lô is a commune in north-western France, the capital of the Manche department in Normandy.-History:Originally called Briovère , the town is built on and around ramparts. Originally it was a Gaul fortified settlement...

 in July.

From Andrews Field the 322d received a Distinguished Unit Citation for the period 14 May 1943 – 24 July 1944. The group moved during September 1944, transferring to Beauvais
Beauvais
Beauvais is a city approximately by highway north of central Paris, in the northern French region of Picardie. It currently has a population of over 60,000 inhabitants.- History :...

 (A-61) Airfield in northern France, and aiding the drive of Third Army across France.

The 322d flew its last mission on 24 April 1945. After V-E Day, the group was assigned to occupation duty in Germany beginning in June 1945, engaging in inventorying and disassembling German Air Force equipment and facilities. Returned to the Camp Kilmer in New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware...

 in December 1945, and was inactivated on 15 December.

322d Bombardment Group (Light)

During the Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...

, the 322d was redesignated the 322d Bombardment Group (Light) and assigned to the Air Force Reserve at Reading Army Airfield
Reading Regional Airport
Reading Regional Airport , also known as Carl A. Spaatz Field, is a public airport located three miles northwest of the central business district of Reading, a city in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States...

, Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to...

 on 9 August 1947. The 322d was equipped with four squadrons (35th
35th Bombardment Squadron
The 35th Bombardment Squadron a United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the 322d Bombardment Group, based at Phillips Field, Beltsville, Maryland...

, 449th, 450th, 451st and 452d) Douglas A-20 Havocs. It was inactivated on 27 June 1949.

322d Tactical Fighter Group

The United States Air Force
United States Air Force
The United States Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on September 18, 1947 under the National Security Act of...

 reactivated the unit as the 322d Fighter-Day Group at Foster AFB, Texas on 1 July 1954. The 322d was assigned to Tactical Air Command
Tactical Air Command
Tactical Air Command is an inactive United States Air Force organization. It was a Major Command of the United States Air Force, established on 21 March 1946 being headquartered at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia...

 as part of the 450th Fighter Day Group
450th Bombardment Wing
The 450th Bombardment Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the Strategic Air Command 810th Strategic Aerospace Division, stationed at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota...

, initially as three squadron (450th, 451st, 452d) F-86 Sabre
F-86 Sabre
The North American F-86 Sabre was a transonic jet fighter aircraft. Produced by North American Aviation, the Sabre is best known as America's first swept wing fighter which could counter the similarly-winged Soviet MiG-15 in high speed dogfights over the skies of the Korean War...

-equipped wing. In 1956, the group was upgraded to the North American F-100 Super Sabre
F-100 Super Sabre
The North American F-100 Super Sabre was a supersonic jet fighter aircraft that served with the United States Air Force from 1954 to 1971 and with the Air National Guard until 1979. The first of the Century Series collection of USAF jet fighters, it was the first USAF fighter capable of...

 and was redesignated as the 322d Tactical Fighter group. The 322d TFG was inactivated on 1 January 1959 along with the closure of Foster Air Force Base in a budgetary economy move.

322d Tactical Airlift Wing

The unit was again reactivated as the 322d Tactical Airlift Wing (322d TAW) on 1 January 1970 at Rhein-Main Air Base
Rhein-Main Air Base
Rhein-Main Air Base was a U.S. Air Force / NATO military airbase near the city of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It occupied the south side of Frankfurt International Airport. Its airport codes are discontinued....

 West Germany, replacing the 7310th TAW.

The 322d TAW used rotational Lockheed C-130 Hercules squadrons for tactical airlift in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. In addition, the wing used C-118s and C-131s for aeromedical airlift until late 1972, then shifted to C-9As for this work, continuing aeromedical airlift operations through March 1975.

The wing utilized KC-135 (VIP equipped) to provide transportation for CINCUSAFE until early 1973, followed by KC-135B until early 1974 and by C-135C thereafter. Used VT-29 aircraft to support Air
Force North (AFNORTH), a NATO component.

In March 1973, the wing gained the 7th Special Operations Squadron, equipped with C-47,UH-1H, and C-130E aircraft, which was reassigned from the 26th TRW at Ramstein AB when the 26th was reassigned to Zweibrücken AB. All but the C-130s were transferred a few months later, to conduct unconventional warfare operations in Europe.

The wing was inactivated in June 1975 when it was replaced by the 435th Tactical Airlift Wing
435th Air Base Wing
The 435th Air Ground Operations Wing is an active unit of the United States Air Force, assigned to the United States Air Forces in Europe. It is stationed at Ramstein Air Base, Germany.The current commander is Colonel John S. Shapland, USAF....

.

322d Air Expeditionary Group

In 2004 the 322d Air Expeditionary Group was activated as part of the United States Air Forces in Europe as an Air Expeditionary unit.

Lineage

  • Constituted as 322d Bombardment Group (Medium) on 19 June 1942
Inactivated on 15 December 1945.
  • Activated as the 322d Bombardment Group (Light) on 9 August 1947 (USAFR)
Inactivated on 27 June 1949
Redesignated as 322d Tactical Fighter Group 1 July 1954.
Inactivated on 18 November 1957
  • Activated as 322d Tactical Airlift Wing on 1 January 1970.
Inactivated on 30 June 1975.
  • Redesignated as 322d Air Expeditionary Group and converted to provisional status, 2004 (Date TBD)

Assignments

  • III Bomber Command
    III Bomber Command
    The III Bomber Command is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Third Air Force stationed at MacDill Field, Florida. It was inactivated on 8 April 1946.-Lineage:...

    , 17 July 1942 – November 1942
  • 3d Bombardment Wing
    98th Bombardment Wing (World War II)
    The 98th Bombardment Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the United States Air Force Reserve, based at Bedford Field, Massachusetts...

    , 1 December 1942
  • IX Bomber Command, 16 October 1943
  • 98th Combat Bombardment (later, 98th Bombardment) Wing
    98th Bombardment Wing (World War II)
    The 98th Bombardment Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the United States Air Force Reserve, based at Bedford Field, Massachusetts...

    , 5 December 1943 – Sep 1945

  • Tenth Air Force
    Tenth Air Force
    The Tenth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Reserve Command . It is headquartered at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, Texas....

    , 9 August 1947 – 27 June 1949
  • Seventeenth Air Force
    Seventeenth Air Force
    Seventeenth Air Force is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force located at Ramstein Air Base, Germany. The command served the United States Air Forces in Europe during its years of active service...

    , 1 January 1970 – 30 June 1975
  • United States Air Forces in Europe
    United States Air Forces in Europe
    The United States Air Forces in Europe is the United States Air Force component of U.S. European Command, a Department of Defense unified command, and is one of two Air Force Major Commands outside of the continental United States, the other being the Pacific Air Forces...

     to activate or inactivate any time after (Date TBD), 2004.


Components

  • 7th Special Operations Squadron
    7th Special Operations Squadron
    The 7th Special Operations Squadron is an active flying unit of the United States Air Force. It is a component of the 352d Special Operations Group , United States Special Operations Command, and is currently based at Royal Air Force base RAF Mildenhall in Suffolk, eastern England.-Mission:From...

    , 15 March 1973 – 30 June 1976

  • 32d Tactical Airlift Squadron, 15 February-15 April 1975 (Attached)
  • 36th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 1 Jan-2 February 1970; 10 August-21 October 1970; 29 September-29 October 1971; 16 August-16 October 1974 (All attached)
  • 37th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 4 October-1 November 1970; 8 February-10 April 1971; 1 September-5 October 1972; 16 April – 25 June 1974; 15 April – 15 June 1975 (All attached)
  • 38th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 16 December 1974 – 15 February 1975 (Attached)
  • 39th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 15 December 1973 – 12 February 1974 (Attached)
  • 40th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 1 September-5 October 1971; 11 April – 5 June 1973 (All attached)
  • 41st Tactical Airlift Squadron, 12 June-11 August 1972; 11 February-13 April 1973; 11 August-12 October 1973 (All attached)
  • 47th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 18 February-18 March 1970, 16 June-10 August 1970, 8 December 1971 – 14 February 1972, 11 August-20 October 1972, and 16 December 1972 – 11 February 1973 (All attached)
  • 48th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 12 April – 11 June 1972 and 20 October-16 December 1972 (All attached)
  • 50th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 1 June-15 August 1974 (Attached)
  • 55th Aeromedical Airlift Squadron: 1 January 1970 – 31 March 1975
  • 61st Tactical Airlift Squadron, 21 October-19 December 1970, 5 June-11 August 1973, 16 October-16 December 1974, 15–30 June 1975 (All attached)
  • 62d Tactical Airlift Squadron, 10 April – 12 June 1971 (Attached)
  • 347th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 2 February-13 April 1970, 12 June-12 August 1971, and 14 February-17 April 1972. (Attached)
  • 348th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 5 October-8 December 1971 (Attached)

  • 459th Bombardment Squadron (PN), 17 July 1942 – 11 December 1945; 4 October 1947-27 June 1949
  • 450th Bombardment (later Fighter-Day) Squadron (ER), 17 June 1942 – 15 December 1945; 9 August 1947-27 June 1949; 1 July 1954 – 18 November 1957
  • 451st Bombardment (later Fighter-Day) Squadron
    451st Flying Training Squadron
    The 451st Flying Training Squadron is an active United States Air Force unit. Its assigned to the 479th Flying Training Group, stationed at NAS Pensacola, Florida.-History:...

     (SS), 17 July 1942 – 11 December 1945; 9 August 1947-27 June 1949; 1 July 1954 – 18 November 1957
  • 452d Bombardment (later Fighter-Day) Squadron (DR), 17 July 1942 – 12 December 1945; 9 August 1947-27 June 1949; 1 July 1954 – 18 November 1957

  • 772d Tactical Airlift Squadron
    772d Expeditionary Airlift Squadron
    The 772d Expeditionary Airlift Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit, assigned to Air Combat Command. Its present status and location is undetermined.-History:...

    , 12 February-16 April 1974 (Attached)
  • 774th Tactical Airlift Squadron
    774th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron
    The 774th Expeditionary Airlift Squadron is a provisional United States Air Force unit, assigned to the 455th Expeditionary Operations Group, stationed at Bagram Air Base, Afghanistan.-History:...

    , 12 October-15 December 1973 (Attached)
  • 778th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 12 August-1 September 1971 (Attached)
  • 779th Tactical Airlift Squadron
    779th Tactical Airlift Squadron
    The 779th Tactical Airlift Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last was assigned to the 464th Tactical Airlift Wing, stationed at Pope Air Force Base, North Carolina. It was inactivated on 31 August 1971...

    , 13 April – 16 June 1970 and 19 December 1970 – 7 February 1971. (All attached)

Bases assigned

  • MacDill Field, Florida, 17 July 1942
  • Drane Field, Florida, 22 September – November 1942
  • RAF Bury St Edmunds
    RAF Bury St Edmunds
    RAF Bury St Edmunds was a World War II airfield in England. The field is located 3 miles east of Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk. The airfield, now in private ownership and much reduced in size, is still active and is known as Rougham Airfield....

     (AAF-468), England c. 1 December 1942
  • RAF Andrews Field
    RAF Andrews Field
    RAF Station Andrews Field is a former World War II airfield in Essex, England. The airfield is located approximately east-northeast of Great Dunmow; about north-northeast of London...

     (AAF-485), England January 1943
  • Beauvais/Tille Airfield (A-61), France, September 1944
  • Le Culot Airfield (A-89), Belgium, March 1945

  • AAF Station Fritzlar, Germany, June–September 1945
  • Reading Army Airfield
    Reading Regional Airport
    Reading Regional Airport , also known as Carl A. Spaatz Field, is a public airport located three miles northwest of the central business district of Reading, a city in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States...

    , Pennsylvania
    Pennsylvania
    The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is a U.S. state that is located in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to...

    , 9 August 1947 – 27 June 1949
  • Foster AFB, Texas, 1 July 1954 – 30 November 1957
  • Rhein-Main AB, West Germany 1 January 1970 – 30 June 1975
  • Undisclosed locations, since 2004


Aircraft

  • B-26 Marauder
    B-26 Marauder
    The Martin B-26 Marauder was a World War II twin-engine medium bomber built by the Glenn L. Martin Company. First used in the Pacific Theater in early 1942, it was also used in the Mediterranean Theater and in Western Europe....

    , 1942–1945
  • A-20 Havoc, 1947–1949
  • F-86 Sabre
    F-86 Sabre
    The North American F-86 Sabre was a transonic jet fighter aircraft. Produced by North American Aviation, the Sabre is best known as America's first swept wing fighter which could counter the similarly-winged Soviet MiG-15 in high speed dogfights over the skies of the Korean War...

    , 1954–1956
  • F-100 Super Sabre
    F-100 Super Sabre
    The North American F-100 Super Sabre was a supersonic jet fighter aircraft that served with the United States Air Force from 1954 to 1971 and with the Air National Guard until 1979. The first of the Century Series collection of USAF jet fighters, it was the first USAF fighter capable of...

    , 1956–1959
  • C-130 (1970–1975; since 2003)
  • VC-131 (1973–1974)
  • UH-1 (1973)
  • C-9 (1972–1975)

  • C-135 (1972–1974)
  • VC-118 (1971–1972)
  • C-131 (1970–1975)
  • VT-29 (1970–1975)
  • VC-54 (1970)
  • C-47
    C-47 Skytrain
    The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota is a military transport aircraft that was developed from the Douglas DC-3 airliner. It was used extensively by the Allies during World War II and remained in front line operations through the 1950s with a few remaining in operation to this day.-Design and...

     (1970–1972)
  • KC-135 (1970–1974)
  • C-118 (1970–1972)


External links

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