1st Troop of Horse Guards
Encyclopedia
The 1st Troop of Horse Guards was formed from King Charles II's
exiled followers in the Netherlands
(the Stuart
monarchs had been overthrown during the English Civil War
, and replaced with the Commonwealth).
The regiment was formed in 1658, and placed on the English establishment three years later, with the official formation of the "modern" British Army
. It fought at Dettingen
, along with four other troops of the Royal Horse Guards
, and eventually absorbed the 3rd Troop of Horse Guards
and the 1st Troop, Horse Grenadier Guards
. On 25 June 1788, the regiment became the 1st Regiment of Life Guards
.
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
exiled followers in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
(the Stuart
House of Stuart
The House of Stuart is a European royal house. Founded by Robert II of Scotland, the Stewarts first became monarchs of the Kingdom of Scotland during the late 14th century, and subsequently held the position of the Kings of Great Britain and Ireland...
monarchs had been overthrown during the English Civil War
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
, and replaced with the Commonwealth).
The regiment was formed in 1658, and placed on the English establishment three years later, with the official formation of the "modern" British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
. It fought at Dettingen
Battle of Dettingen
The Battle of Dettingen took place on 27 June 1743 at Dettingen in Bavaria during the War of the Austrian Succession. It was the last time that a British monarch personally led his troops into battle...
, along with four other troops of the Royal Horse Guards
Royal Horse Guards
The Royal Horse Guards was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry.Founded August 1650 in Newcastle Upon Tyne by Sir Arthur Haselrig on the orders of Oliver Cromwell as the Regiment of Cuirassiers, the regiment became the Earl of Oxford's Regiment during the reign of...
, and eventually absorbed the 3rd Troop of Horse Guards
3rd Troop of Horse Guards
The 3rd Troop of Horse Guards was formed in 1658 as the 2nd, or The Duke of York's Troop of Horse Guards from followers of Charles II in exile in Holland. In 1670, it became the 3rd Troop of Horse Guards and was absorbed by the 1st Troop of Horse Guards in 1746.-Colonels of the 3rd Troop of Horse...
and the 1st Troop, Horse Grenadier Guards
Horse Grenadier Guards
The Horse Grenadier Guards were a series of cavalry troops in the British Household Cavalry between 1687 and 1788, who used grenades and other explosives in battle. Originally attached to the Horse Guards, they became independent for a century before being disbanded...
. On 25 June 1788, the regiment became the 1st Regiment of Life Guards
1st Regiment of Life Guards
The 1st Regiment of Life Guards was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry. It was formed in 1788 by the union of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards and 1st Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards. In 1922, it was amalgamated with the 2nd Regiment of Life Guards to form the Life...
.
Colonels of the 1st Troop, Horse Guards
- Charles Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard of BrandonCharles Gerard, 1st Earl of MacclesfieldCharles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield PC was an English aristocrat, soldier and courtier.-Life:The eldest son of Sir Charles Gerard, he was a member of an old Lancashire family, his great-grandfather having been Sir Gilbert Gerard of Ince, in that county, one of the most distinguished judges...
(May 17, 1660 - September 16, 1668) - James Scott, 1st Duke of MonmouthJames Scott, 1st Duke of MonmouthJames Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC , was an English nobleman. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II and his mistress, Lucy Walter...
(September 16, 1668 - November 29, 1679) - Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of AlbemarleChristopher Monck, 2nd Duke of AlbemarleChristopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, KG, PC was an English statesman and failed soldier.He was the son of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle....
(November 29, 1679 - August 1, 1685) - Louis de Duras, 2nd Earl of FevershamLouis de Duras, 2nd Earl of FevershamLouis de Duras, 2nd Earl of Feversham KG was a French nobleman who became Earl of Feversham in Stuart England.Born in France, he was marquis de Blanquefort and sixth son of Guy Aldonce , Marquis of Duras and Count of Rozan, from the noble Durfort family...
(August 1, 1685 - April 2, 1689) - Richard Lumley, 2nd Viscount LumleyRichard Lumley, 1st Earl of ScarbroughRichard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough was an English soldier and statesman best known for his role in the Glorious Revolution.-Origins:...
(April 2, 1689 - March 9, 1699), created Earl of ScarbroughEarl of ScarbroughEarl of Scarbrough is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1690 for Richard Lumley, 2nd Viscount Lumley. He is best remembered as one of the Immortal Seven who invited William of Orange to invade England and depose his father-in-law James II...
in 1692 - Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle (March 9, 1699 - July 26, 1710)
- Henry Bentinck, 2nd Earl of PortlandHenry Bentinck, 1st Duke of PortlandHenry Bentinck, 1st Duke of Portland , styled Viscount Woodstock from 1689 until 1709, was a British politician and colonial statesman....
(July 26, 1710 - July 7, 1713) - John Ashburnham, 3rd Baron AshburnhamJohn Ashburnham, 1st Earl of AshburnhamJohn Ashburnham, 1st Earl of Ashburnham was a British peer.-Career:Ashburnham was the second son of John Ashburnham, 1st Baron Ashburnham and his wife, Bridget, daughter of Walter Vaughan from Brecon, south Wales, who had inherited Pembrey...
(July 7, 1713 - May 10, 1715) - John Montagu, 2nd Duke of MontaguJohn Montagu, 2nd Duke of MontaguJohn Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu, KG, KB, PC , styled Viscount Monthermer until 1705 and Marquess of Monthermer between 1705 and 1709, was a British peer...
(May 10, 1715 - September 20, 1721) - Henry Herbert, Lord HerbertHenry Herbert, 9th Earl of PembrokeLt.-Gen. Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke, 6th Earl of Montgomery PC FRS was the heir and eldest son of Thomas Herbert and his first wife Margaret...
(September 20, 1721 - July 4, 1733), became Earl of PembrokeEarl of PembrokeEarl of Pembroke is a title created ten times, all in the Peerage of England. It was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title is associated with Pembroke, Pembrokeshire in West Wales, which is the site of Earldom's original seat Pembroke Castle...
in 1732 - John Fane, 1st Baron CatherloughJohn Fane, 7th Earl of WestmorlandJohn Fane, 7th Earl of Westmorland was an English nobleman, styled The Honourable John Fane from 1691 to 1736....
(July 4, 1733 - June 21, 1737), became Earl of WestmorlandEarl of WestmorlandEarl of Westmorland is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England. The title was first created in 1397 for Ralph Neville. It was forfeited in 1571 by Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland for leading the Rising of the North. It was revived in 1624 in favour of Sir Francis...
in 1736 - John Montagu, 2nd Duke of MontaguJohn Montagu, 2nd Duke of MontaguJohn Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu, KG, KB, PC , styled Viscount Monthermer until 1705 and Marquess of Monthermer between 1705 and 1709, was a British peer...
(June 21, 1737 - August 30, 1737) - John West, 7th Baron De La WarrJohn West, 1st Earl De La WarrLieutenant-General John West, 1st Earl De La Warr KB, PC, FRS , styled The Honourable John West until 1723 and known as The Lord De La Warr between 1723 and 1761, was a British soldier, courtier and politician....
(August 30, 1737 - March 16, 1766), created Earl De La WarrEarl De La WarrEarl De La Warr is a title created in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1761.In the United States, Thomas West, 3rd baron is often named in history books simply as Lord Delaware. He served as governor of the Jamestown Colony, and the Delaware Bay was named after him...
in 1761 - John West, 2nd Earl De La WarrJohn West, 2nd Earl De La WarrJohn West, 2nd Earl De La Warr was a British peer, politician and army officer.Born The Honourable John West, he was the son of John West, 6th Baron De La Warr and his first wife, the former Lady Charlotte McCarthy...
(March 21, 1766 - December 12, 1777) - William Kerr, 5th Marquess of LothianWilliam Kerr, 5th Marquess of LothianGeneral William John Kerr, 5th Marquess of Lothian KT was a British soldier and peer, styled Lord Newbottle until 1767 and Earl of Ancram from 1767 to 1775....
(December 12, 1777 - June 25, 1788)