1988 Giro d'Italia
Encyclopedia
The 1988 Giro d'Italia
was the 71st edition of the Giro d'Italia
, one of cycling's Grand Tours
.The Giro started off in Urbino
on 23 May. The route included notable climbs such as the Passo di Gavia, the Campitello Matese
, the Chiesa in Valmalenco
, and the Passo san Marco
. The race concluded in Vittorio Veneto
with a 43 km individual time trial
on 12 June.
Principal favorites for the General Classification in this edition were Andrew Hampsten
of 7-Eleven-Hoonved
, Pedro Delgado
of Reynolds, and Erik Breukink
of . After the critical Stage 14, Hampsten had gained a significant amount of time over the major contenders of the race. Hampsten would remain in the lead of the Giro all the way to the finish in Vittorio Veneto. In doing so, he became the first American, and non-European, to win the Giro d'Italia. Erik Breukink claimed second place overall, and 's Urs Zimmerman rounded out the podium. For the third time in the history of the Tour (after 1972
and 1987
) the final podium was occupied by foreign runners. GIS - Ecoflam - Jolly's Johan van der Velde
won the race's points classification. This was Van der Velde's third time winning the points classification, after previously doing so at the 1985
and 1987
Giro d'Italias. In addition to the maglia rosa
, Andrew Hampsten also took home the maglia verde of the mountains classification
. Stefano Tomasini
, of Fanini - Seven Up, was the Giro's best young rider
after placing ninth overall in the Giro.
.
The fourteenth stage saw no sunshine, it was either raining or snowing for the whole stage. The Dutchman Johan van der Velde
, who was vying for the cyclamen jersey, attacked early on during the climb. Andrew Hampsten
attacked shortly after Van der Velde, and Erik Breukink
and Franco Chioccioli
marked his move. While climbing the Gavia, the higher roads the riders were soon to be crossing were still being plowed. There were a few dirt roads the riders had to cross on the climbing of the Gavia, but the weather made the dirt turn to mud, which made for another problem for the riders. Van der Velde crossed the Gavia Pass just 30 seconds before Hampsten did. However, shortly after Van der Velde was forced to stop due to the principle of freezing, finding refuge in a camper. He would arrive at the finish line far back, trailing by 46'49". Hampsten crossed the summit about 45 seconds before Breukink. At the summit of the Gavia, Hampsten received a musette bag with various skiing items to help protect him from the elements. Breukink passed Hampsten as he stopped to put on his gear, but Hampsten caught up on the descent. 7-Eleven-Hoonved
was the only team that had good protection from the elements, according to Hampsten. For 12 km of the 25 km descent of the Gavia Pass it was snowing. Breukink and Hampsten quickly passed the Van der Velde on the descent. Although Breukink did win the stage, Hampsten finished seven seconds behind and claimed the maglia rosa. In doing so, he became the first American to don the maglia rosa in the history of the Giro d'Italia.
After the fourteenth stage, only 143 riders remained in the race. Due to snow being present at 6,000 ft or higher, the fifteenth stage's start was rearranged Spondigna. The length of the stage was shortened to 83 km, and the Passo dello Stelvio was excluded from the stage. For the most part the stage was downhill, before the 15 km climb at the end of the stage. The climb was to the Merano 2000 ski station. As soon as the climb started, Jean-François Bernard
, Urs Zimmerman, and Franco Chioccioli
. Breukink, Hampsten, and Flavio Giupponi
decided not to mark their move. Bernard would eventually shake the other two riders in his attack group, and would go on to win the stage. Chioccioli was dropped on the on the climb, and didn't even place in the top 10 stage finishers. Breukink was dropped as Hampsten and Giuppioni lifted the pace with 9 km to go. Giuppioni would attack and wind up placing third on the stage. Hampsten would cross the line in fifth, conceding only 52 seconds to the stage winner. The sixteenth stage began in Merano, and the riders were set to cross the Passo del Rombo. The Rombo rises over 8,000 ft, and is located in Austria. During the stage, while the riders were in a tunnel, the riders began to protest the rest of the stage. The day was rainy, and as the peloton began to climb the rain to turned to snow. There were two protests during that stage, while climbing the Rombo. Not far from the summit, Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu's Urs Freuler
and Peter Winnen
launched an attack. The attack group soon contained 15 riders, including the likes of Andrew Hampsten and Erik Breukink. However, Urs Zimmerman, Jean-François Bernard, Flavio Giupponi, and Franco Chioccioli were not present in the attack group. The leading group was being driven by Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu's six riders at the front. In the valley, after the descent of the Rombo, Chioccioli, Zimmerman, Bernard, and nine others began to chase down the large attack group in front. Their efforts proved to be successful, they ended up catching the large 15-man group with only a few kilometers left in the stage. Franco Vona made a last minute attack, which won him the stage in Innsbruck
.
The eighteenth stage would prove to be critical in deciding the overall winner of the Giro d'Italia. The stage is was an 18 km Individual Time Trial
that lead up a mountain. The route started off with 5 km of flat roads of Levico Terme, before starting the climb to the Vetriolo Terme ski station. The mountain rises over 3,000 ft, with an average gradient of 8.4%. The leader at the time, Andrew Hampsten, was up by only 42 seconds over the second placed rider, Erik Breukink. Halfway through the route, Hampsten gained 16 seconds on Breukink. The finish line was on a false flat of the mountain. Hampsten sprinted with all the might that he had, and crossed the line 1:04 seconds faster than Breukink. Along with the time he gain on his competitors, Hampsten also won the stage. The nineteenth stage featured three categorized climbs. The first climb of the day was the Passo Duran
. The climb of the Duran lasted 13 km, and climbed 3,300 ft. On a portion of the climb, with a 14% gradient, Urs Zimmerman attacked. The main contenders didn't follow, since there were over 140 km remaining in the stage. Zimmerman crossed the summit of the Duran 45 seconds ahead of Hampsten. At this point in the stage, Hampsten was in a four man group. The three other members were Hampsten's teammate Jeff Pierce
, Chateau d'Ax's Stefano Giuliani, and Fanini - Seven Up's Stefano Tomasini
. On the descent of the Duran, Giuliani bridged the gap to Zimmerman. The two leading riders, Zimmerman and Giuliani, crossed the summit of the second climb of the Pieve di Cadore
4 minutes and ten seconds in front of the Hampsten group. With 73 km to go in the stage, Pierce led the rest of the Hampsten breakaway, which had expanded to six men, up to the third climb of the day, the Passo di Mauria. Behind the Hampsten group was another group of riders that contained three other riders from 7-Eleven-Hoonved
. The Zimmerman group had a lead of 5:30 over the Hampsten group and a 7:30 lead over the group with the other 7-Eleven-Hoonved riders. Hampsten slowed the pace of his group down, and the group with his teammates caught after the crossing of the Mauria. Zimmerman took advantage of the descent and remained out in front with Giuliani, who desperately tried to hang on Zimmerman's wheel. With about 20 km remaining in the stage, the chase group had grown to about 50 riders and the gap was 5:36 to leading two riders. 7-Eleven-Hoonved
's four riders were on front for the whole chase, before 's riders came to the front, after finding out that Breukink's second place overall was being threatened. Giuliani would cross the finish in Arta Terme in first place, with Zimmerman crossing right after him. The group containing Hampsten and Zimmerman would come to the finish a little over three minutes after Giuliani. Zimmerman's performance on the stage was good enough to gain him enough time to put him in second place overall.
The penultimate stage, 21a, cumulated in a bunch sprint. That sprint was won by 's Urs Freuler
. Just hours later the final stage took place. It was a 43 km Individual Time Trial, which started and ended in Vittorio Veneto
. The route for the time trial was relatively flat, with some hills. As the General Classification contenders were on the course, lightning began to strike, thunder started to clap, and rain began to pour. There was a tricky descent with about 18 km into the stage, and the addition of rain only made it harder. Flavio Giuppioni's front disc wheel came off, and Giuppioni was sent head first into a ditch. Erik Breukink made it through cleanly. Just three minutes later, Urs Zimmerman came down that same descent. Zimmerman was taking the corner casually, before sliding off the road and into the surrounding hillside. Andrew Hampsten heard through race radio of the falls that occurred on the descent, and began to slow down. He made it down the same corner that Giuppioni and Zimmerman crashed on, but only barely. Hampsten slid out as well, but didn't fall. The fact that he used a spoked front wheel, gave him better control in the wind gusts. The riders that had crashed couldn't control their front disc wheels in the strong wind gusts, sending them to the ground. The second half of the course was flat. Lech Piasecki
, who rode the course when dry, won the stage by 47 seconds over the second place finisher, Eric Vanderaerden
. Erik Breukink, who was in third place at the start of the stage, gained enough time to finish in second place overall. Zimmerman went from second to third place overall, after his costly crash. Andrew Hampsten finished seventh overall on the stage, and first overall in the Giro d'Italia. Hampsten became the first American to win the Giro d'Italia on 12 June.
, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage, and allowing time bonuses for the first three finishers on mass-start stages, the leader received a pink jersey. This classification was considered the most important of the Giro d'Italia, and the winner was considered the winner of the Giro.
Additionally, there was a points classification
, which awarded a purple, or cyclamen jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing in the top 15 in a stage. In addition, points could be won in intermediate sprints.
There was also a mountains classification, the leadership of which was marked by a green jersey. In the mountains classifications, points were won by reaching the top of a climb before other cyclists. Each climb was categorized as either first, second, or third category, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The Cima Coppi
, the race's highest point of elevation, awarded still more points than the other first-category climbs. The Cima Coppi for this Giro, was supposed to be the Passo del Stelvio. The day the Giro was supposed to cross the Stelvio, it was covered in snow and the Stelvio was not climbed.
The fourth jersey represented the young rider classification, marked by a white jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders born after 1 January 1964 were eligible.
The fifth jersey represents the leader of the combination classification, marked by a blue jersey.
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.
Giro d'Italia
The Giro d'Italia , also simply known as The Giro, is a long distance road bicycle racing stage race for professional cyclists held over three weeks in May/early June in and around Italy. The Giro is one of the three Grand Tours , and is part of the UCI World Ranking calendar...
was the 71st edition of the Giro d'Italia
Giro d'Italia
The Giro d'Italia , also simply known as The Giro, is a long distance road bicycle racing stage race for professional cyclists held over three weeks in May/early June in and around Italy. The Giro is one of the three Grand Tours , and is part of the UCI World Ranking calendar...
, one of cycling's Grand Tours
Grand Tour (cycling)
In road bicycle racing, a Grand Tour refers to one of the three major European professional cycling stage races:* Tour de France – Tour of France , held in July* Giro d'Italia – Tour of Italy , held in May...
.The Giro started off in Urbino
Urbino
Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482...
on 23 May. The route included notable climbs such as the Passo di Gavia, the Campitello Matese
Campitello Matese
Campitello Matese is an Italian civil parish and ski resort , part of the municipality of San Massimo in the province of Campobasso, Molise region.-History:Still 1960s Campitello had only a building used as shelter for shepherds...
, the Chiesa in Valmalenco
Chiesa in Valmalenco
Chiesa in Valmalenco is a comune in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 km northeast of Milan and about 11 km north of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland...
, and the Passo san Marco
Passo San Marco
The San Marco Pass is a mountain pass that links Val Brembana with Valtellina in the Prealpi Orobie.- History :In the late 16th century, the city of Bergamo and its surrounding areas were part of the Republic of Venice and Valtellina was part of the Grisons...
. The race concluded in Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of the Italian peninsula, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers.-Geography:...
with a 43 km individual time trial
Individual time trial
An individual time trial is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock . There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials...
on 12 June.
Principal favorites for the General Classification in this edition were Andrew Hampsten
Andrew Hampsten
Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:...
of 7-Eleven-Hoonved
7-Eleven Cycling Team
The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist...
, Pedro Delgado
Pedro Delgado
Pedro Delgado Robledo , also known as Perico, is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer. He won the 1988 Tour de France, as well as the Vuelta a España in 1985 and 1989....
of Reynolds, and Erik Breukink
Erik Breukink
Erik Breukink is a former professional road racing cyclist. In 1988, Breukink won the youth competition in the Tour de France. In 1990, Breukink reached the podium in Paris, finishing 3rd in the 1990 Tour de France...
of . After the critical Stage 14, Hampsten had gained a significant amount of time over the major contenders of the race. Hampsten would remain in the lead of the Giro all the way to the finish in Vittorio Veneto. In doing so, he became the first American, and non-European, to win the Giro d'Italia. Erik Breukink claimed second place overall, and 's Urs Zimmerman rounded out the podium. For the third time in the history of the Tour (after 1972
1972 Giro d'Italia
The 1972 Giro d'Italia of cycling, the 55th running of the race, was held from 21 May to 11 June 1972, consisting of 20 stages. It was won by Eddy Merckx.-Final classment:-Maglia rosa holders:-Other jerseys:...
and 1987
1987 Giro d'Italia
The 1987 Giro d'Italia of cycling, the 70th running of the race, was held from 21 May to 13 June 1987, consisting of 22 stages. It was won by Stephen Roche.The defending champion Roberto Visentini returned with a strong team to win his second Giro...
) the final podium was occupied by foreign runners. GIS - Ecoflam - Jolly's Johan van der Velde
Johan van der Velde
Johan van der Velde is a former Dutch cyclist. In the 1980 Tour de France he won the Maillot blanc, or white jersey, for being the best young rider under 25, also placing 12th overall that year. He had been a racing cyclist for only a year...
won the race's points classification. This was Van der Velde's third time winning the points classification, after previously doing so at the 1985
1985 Giro d'Italia
The 1985 Giro d'Italia of cycling was held from 16 May to 9 June 1985, consisting of 22 stages for a total of 3,998 km, ridden at an average speed of 37.89 km/h...
and 1987
1987 Giro d'Italia
The 1987 Giro d'Italia of cycling, the 70th running of the race, was held from 21 May to 13 June 1987, consisting of 22 stages. It was won by Stephen Roche.The defending champion Roberto Visentini returned with a strong team to win his second Giro...
Giro d'Italias. In addition to the maglia rosa
Maglia rosa
The pink jersey is awarded to the leader of the General Classification at the Giro d'Italia. The leader of the GC is the rider who has the fastest time when all the stage results are added together, taking into account time bonuses for high finishes and intermediate sprints...
, Andrew Hampsten also took home the maglia verde of the mountains classification
Mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia
The mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia is a secondary classification. In this classification, points are awarded to the leading riders over designated climbs. Most climbs are sorted into one of three scales based on difficulty and its position on that day's stage...
. Stefano Tomasini
Stefano Tomasini
Stefano Tomasini was an Italian professional cyclist between the years of 1987 and 1990. Tomasini is most known for winning the Young rider Classification at the 1988. That year, he finished ninth overall. That was his highest finish at the Giro in his short career.-References:...
, of Fanini - Seven Up, was the Giro's best young rider
Young rider classification in the Giro d'Italia
Since 1976, The Giro d'Italia has had a young rider classification. The leader in this classification wears the maglia bianca . The classification is determined by the best overall time, but only young cyclists were in the competition....
after placing ninth overall in the Giro.
Teams
A total of 20 teams were invited to participate in the 1988 Giro d'Italia. Out of the 180 riders that began this edition of the Giro d'Italia, 125 of them made it to the finish in Vittorio VenetoVittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of the Italian peninsula, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers.-Geography:...
.
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Stages
| Stage | Date | Course | Distance | Type | Stage Winner | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 23 May | Urbino Urbino Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482... |
9 km (6 mi) |  |
Individual time trial Individual time trial An individual time trial is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock . There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials... |
 Jean-François BernardJean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
|
| 2 | 24 May | Urbino Urbino Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482... > Ascoli Piceno Ascoli Piceno Ascoli Piceno is a town and comune in the Marche region of Italy, capital of the province of the same name. Its population is c. 51,400.-Geography:... |
230 km (143 mi) |  |
Medium mountain stage |  Guido BontempiGuido Bontempi Guido Bontempi is an Italian former road bicycle racer. Bontempi's career highlights include winning the spring's classic Gent–Wevelgem two times and a total of 16 stages in the Giro d'Italia throughout his career. He also won six stages in the Tour de France and four stages in the Vuelta a España... |
|
| 3 | 25 May | Ascoli Piceno Ascoli Piceno Ascoli Piceno is a town and comune in the Marche region of Italy, capital of the province of the same name. Its population is c. 51,400.-Geography:... > Vasto Vasto Vasto is a town and comune on the Adriatic coast of the Province of Chieti in southern Abruzzo, Italy. The population is now just over 40,000.-History:According to tradition, the town was founded by Diomedes, the Greek hero... |
184 km (114 mi) |  |
Flat stage |  Stephan Joho |
|
| 4a | 26 May | Vasto Vasto Vasto is a town and comune on the Adriatic coast of the Province of Chieti in southern Abruzzo, Italy. The population is now just over 40,000.-History:According to tradition, the town was founded by Diomedes, the Greek hero... > Rodi Garganico |
123 km (76 mi) | |
Flat stage | Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana is an Italian former road bicycle racer. He won stages in Giro d'Italia and Tour de France.- Palmarès :19861988... |
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| 4b | 26 May | Rodi Garganico > Vieste Vieste Vieste is a town and comune in the province of Foggia, in the Apulia region of southeast Italy.thumb|Cathedral of ViesteA marine resort in Gargano, Vieste has received Blue Flags for the purity of its waters from the Foundation for Environmental Education... |
40 km (25 mi) | |
Team time trial Team time trial A team time trial is a road-based bicycle race in which teams of cyclists race against the clock .Teams start at equal intervals, usually two, three or four minutes apart... |
Del Tongo |
|
| 5 | 27 May | Vieste Vieste Vieste is a town and comune in the province of Foggia, in the Apulia region of southeast Italy.thumb|Cathedral of ViesteA marine resort in Gargano, Vieste has received Blue Flags for the purity of its waters from the Foundation for Environmental Education... > Santa Maria Capua Vetere Santa Maria Capua Vetere -External links:*... |
260 km (162 mi) |  |
Mountain stage | Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi is an Italian former road bicycle racer. Bontempi's career highlights include winning the spring's classic Gent–Wevelgem two times and a total of 16 stages in the Giro d'Italia throughout his career. He also won six stages in the Tour de France and four stages in the Vuelta a España... |
|
| 6 | 28 May | Santa Maria Capua Vetere Santa Maria Capua Vetere -External links:*... > Campitello Matese Campitello Matese Campitello Matese is an Italian civil parish and ski resort , part of the municipality of San Massimo in the province of Campobasso, Molise region.-History:Still 1960s Campitello had only a building used as shelter for shepherds... |
137 km (85 mi) | |
Mountain stage | Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was his overall win in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.- Palmarès :1983... |
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| 7 | 29 May | Campitello Matese Campitello Matese Campitello Matese is an Italian civil parish and ski resort , part of the municipality of San Massimo in the province of Campobasso, Molise region.-History:Still 1960s Campitello had only a building used as shelter for shepherds... > Avezzano Avezzano Avezzano is a town and comune in the Abruzzo region, province of L'Aquila. It is the main commercial, industrial and agricultural centre of the Marsica area, with high-tech industries such as a Micron Technology semi-conductor plant, and a large Telespazio satellite farm.-History:There are two... |
178 km (111 mi) | |
Medium mountain stage |  Andreas KappesAndreas Kappes Andreas Kappes is a retired road racing cyclist from Germany, who represented West Germany at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. A track specialist as well, he was professional from 1987 to 2001. Kappes competed in five Tour de Frances, and obtained a total of 41... |
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| 8 | May 30 | Avezzano Avezzano Avezzano is a town and comune in the Abruzzo region, province of L'Aquila. It is the main commercial, industrial and agricultural centre of the Marsica area, with high-tech industries such as a Micron Technology semi-conductor plant, and a large Telespazio satellite farm.-History:There are two... > Chianciano Terme Chianciano Terme Chianciano Terme is a comune in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 90 km southeast of Florence and about 50 km southeast of Siena... |
251 km (156 mi) | |
Flat stage | Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
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| 9 | 31 May | Pienza Pienza Pienza, a town and comune in the province of Siena, in the Val d'Orcia in Tuscany , between the towns of Montepulciano and Montalcino, is the "touchstone of Renaissance urbanism."... > Marina di Massa |
235 km (146 mi) | |
Flat stage | Alessio di Basco |
|
| 10 | 1 June | Carrara Carrara Carrara is a city and comune in the province of Massa-Carrara , notable for the white or blue-grey marble quarried there. It is on the Carrione River, some west-northwest of Florence.... > Salsomaggiore Terme Salsomaggiore Terme Salsomaggiore Terme is a town and comune in northern Italy. It is located in the province of Parma, in the Emilia-Romagna region, located at the foot of the Apennines. It is a popular Spa town. The water is strongly saline.... |
190 km (118 mi) | |
Medium mountain stage | Paolo Rosola |
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| 11 | 2 June | Parma Parma Parma is a city in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna famous for its ham, its cheese, its architecture and the fine countryside around it. This is the home of the University of Parma, one of the oldest universities in the world.... > Colle Don Bosco Castelnuovo Don Bosco Castelnuovo Don Bosco is a comune in the province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 20 km east of Turin and about 25 km northwest of Asti, on a hill near the confluence of the Nevissano and Bardella.Castelnuovo Don Bosco borders the following municipalities:... |
229 km (142 mi) | |
Flat stage | Stage cancelled | |
| 12 | 3 June | Novara Novara Novara is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan. With c. 105,000 inhabitants, it is the second most populous city in Piedmont after Turin. It is an important crossroads for commercial traffic along the routes from Milan to Turin... > Selvino Selvino Selvino is a comune in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 60 km northeast of Milan and about 11 km northeast of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,045 and an area of 6.4 km².Selvino borders the following municipalities:... |
205 km (127 mi) | |
Mountain stage |  Andrew HampstenAndrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
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| 13 | 4 June | Bergamo Bergamo Bergamo is a town and comune in Lombardy, Italy, about 40 km northeast of Milan. The comune is home to over 120,000 inhabitants. It is served by the Orio al Serio Airport, which also serves the Province of Bergamo, and to a lesser extent the metropolitan area of Milan... > Chiesa in Valmalenco Chiesa in Valmalenco Chiesa in Valmalenco is a comune in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 km northeast of Milan and about 11 km north of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland... |
129 km (80 mi) | |
Mountain stage | Tony Rominger Tony Rominger Tony Rominger is a Swiss former professional road racing cyclist who won the Vuelta a España in 1992, 1993 and 1994 and the Giro d'Italia in 1995.He began cycling late, allegedly spurred by competition with his brother... |
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| 14 | 5 June | Chiesa in Valmalenco Chiesa in Valmalenco Chiesa in Valmalenco is a comune in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 100 km northeast of Milan and about 11 km north of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland... > Bormio Bormio Bormio is a town and comune located in the province of Sondrio, Lombardy region of the Alps in northern Italy. It has a population of 4,200... |
120 km (75 mi) | |
Mountain stage |  Erik BreukinkErik Breukink Erik Breukink is a former professional road racing cyclist. In 1988, Breukink won the youth competition in the Tour de France. In 1990, Breukink reached the podium in Paris, finishing 3rd in the 1990 Tour de France... |
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| 15 | 6 June | Spondigna > Merano 2000 | 83 km (52 mi) | |
Mountain stage | Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
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| 16 | 7 June | Merano > Innsbruck Innsbruck - Main sights :- Buildings :*Golden Roof*Kaiserliche Hofburg *Hofkirche with the cenotaph of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor*Altes Landhaus... |
176 km (109 mi) | |
Mountain stage | Franco Vona |
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| 17 | 8 June | Innsbruck Innsbruck - Main sights :- Buildings :*Golden Roof*Kaiserliche Hofburg *Hofkirche with the cenotaph of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor*Altes Landhaus... > Borgo Valsugana Borgo Valsugana Borgo Valsugana is a comune in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 km east of Trento.... |
221 km (137 mi) | |
Flat stage | Patrizio Gambirasio |
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| 18 | 9 June | Levico Terme Levico Terme Levico Terme is a comune in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 15 km southeast of Trento... > Valico del Vetriolo |
18 km (11 mi) | |
Individual time trial Individual time trial An individual time trial is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock . There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials... |
Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
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| 19 | 10 June | Borgo Valsugana Borgo Valsugana Borgo Valsugana is a comune in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 km east of Trento.... > Arta Terme Arta Terme Arta Terme is a comune in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 110 km northwest of Trieste and about 50 km northwest of Udine in the Val Bût, part of the Alpine traditional region of Carnia.-External links:*... |
233 km (145 mi) | |
Mountain stage | Stefano Giuliani |
|
| 20 | 11 June | Arta Terme Arta Terme Arta Terme is a comune in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 110 km northwest of Trieste and about 50 km northwest of Udine in the Val Bût, part of the Alpine traditional region of Carnia.-External links:*... > Lido di Jesolo Jesolo thumb|250px|Location of Jesolo in the province of Venice.Jesolo is a town and comune in the province of Venice, Italy.-Geography:... |
212 km (132 mi) | |
Flat stage | Paolo Rosola |
|
| 21a | 12 June | Lido di Jesolo Lido di Jesolo thumb|250px|Location of Jesolo in the province of Venice.The Lido di Jesolo, or Jesolo Lido, is the beach area of the comune of Jesolo in the province of Venice, Italy. The place's economy is mostly based on tourism, because of its 15 km-long beach... > Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of the Italian peninsula, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers.-Geography:... |
73 km (45 mi) | |
Flat stage | Urs Freuler Urs Freuler Urs Freuler is a Swiss cyclist, who raced professionally between 1980 and 1997, during which he won 71 victories. He was named Swiss Sports Personality of the Year in 1982 and 1983.He was born in Bilten... |
|
| 21b | 12 June | Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of the Italian peninsula, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers.-Geography:... > Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of the Italian peninsula, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers.-Geography:... |
43 km (27 mi) | |
Individual time trial Individual time trial An individual time trial is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock . There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials... |
 Lech PiaseckiLech Piasecki Lech Piasecki is a Polish former racing cyclist. Born in Poznań, he became the first Polish cyclist to wear the yellow jersey in the Tour de France, in 1987.... |
|
| Total | 3580 km (2,225 mi) | ||||||
Events
The eleventh stage, was interrupted by the arrival of a mile and an event canceled due to environmentalist who had occupied the finish line. Memorable for the extreme weather was the fourteenth stage, held on 5 June, on the climb of the Passo di Gavia. Overnight over a foot of snow had accumulated on the Gavia Pass, but the efforts of the organizers managed to keep the road clear for the riders. The patron Vincenzo Torriani, despite the cold and adverse weather forecast, decided to start running regularly.The fourteenth stage saw no sunshine, it was either raining or snowing for the whole stage. The Dutchman Johan van der Velde
Johan van der Velde
Johan van der Velde is a former Dutch cyclist. In the 1980 Tour de France he won the Maillot blanc, or white jersey, for being the best young rider under 25, also placing 12th overall that year. He had been a racing cyclist for only a year...
, who was vying for the cyclamen jersey, attacked early on during the climb. Andrew Hampsten
Andrew Hampsten
Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:...
attacked shortly after Van der Velde, and Erik Breukink
Erik Breukink
Erik Breukink is a former professional road racing cyclist. In 1988, Breukink won the youth competition in the Tour de France. In 1990, Breukink reached the podium in Paris, finishing 3rd in the 1990 Tour de France...
and Franco Chioccioli
Franco Chioccioli
Franco Chioccioli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was his overall win in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.- Palmarès :1983...
marked his move. While climbing the Gavia, the higher roads the riders were soon to be crossing were still being plowed. There were a few dirt roads the riders had to cross on the climbing of the Gavia, but the weather made the dirt turn to mud, which made for another problem for the riders. Van der Velde crossed the Gavia Pass just 30 seconds before Hampsten did. However, shortly after Van der Velde was forced to stop due to the principle of freezing, finding refuge in a camper. He would arrive at the finish line far back, trailing by 46'49". Hampsten crossed the summit about 45 seconds before Breukink. At the summit of the Gavia, Hampsten received a musette bag with various skiing items to help protect him from the elements. Breukink passed Hampsten as he stopped to put on his gear, but Hampsten caught up on the descent. 7-Eleven-Hoonved
7-Eleven Cycling Team
The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist...
was the only team that had good protection from the elements, according to Hampsten. For 12 km of the 25 km descent of the Gavia Pass it was snowing. Breukink and Hampsten quickly passed the Van der Velde on the descent. Although Breukink did win the stage, Hampsten finished seven seconds behind and claimed the maglia rosa. In doing so, he became the first American to don the maglia rosa in the history of the Giro d'Italia.
After the fourteenth stage, only 143 riders remained in the race. Due to snow being present at 6,000 ft or higher, the fifteenth stage's start was rearranged Spondigna. The length of the stage was shortened to 83 km, and the Passo dello Stelvio was excluded from the stage. For the most part the stage was downhill, before the 15 km climb at the end of the stage. The climb was to the Merano 2000 ski station. As soon as the climb started, Jean-François Bernard
Jean-François Bernard
Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault...
, Urs Zimmerman, and Franco Chioccioli
Franco Chioccioli
Franco Chioccioli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was his overall win in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.- Palmarès :1983...
. Breukink, Hampsten, and Flavio Giupponi
Flavio Giupponi
Flavio Giupponi is an Italian former professional road racing cyclist.-Professional career:Giupponi was as professional cyclist from 1985 to 1994....
decided not to mark their move. Bernard would eventually shake the other two riders in his attack group, and would go on to win the stage. Chioccioli was dropped on the on the climb, and didn't even place in the top 10 stage finishers. Breukink was dropped as Hampsten and Giuppioni lifted the pace with 9 km to go. Giuppioni would attack and wind up placing third on the stage. Hampsten would cross the line in fifth, conceding only 52 seconds to the stage winner. The sixteenth stage began in Merano, and the riders were set to cross the Passo del Rombo. The Rombo rises over 8,000 ft, and is located in Austria. During the stage, while the riders were in a tunnel, the riders began to protest the rest of the stage. The day was rainy, and as the peloton began to climb the rain to turned to snow. There were two protests during that stage, while climbing the Rombo. Not far from the summit, Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu's Urs Freuler
Urs Freuler
Urs Freuler is a Swiss cyclist, who raced professionally between 1980 and 1997, during which he won 71 victories. He was named Swiss Sports Personality of the Year in 1982 and 1983.He was born in Bilten...
and Peter Winnen
Peter Winnen
Peter Johannes Gertrudis Winnen is a Dutch former road racing cyclist. He was professional from 1980 until 1991. Among his 14 victories were two stages at Alpe d'Huez in the Tour de France and a national championship. He came third in the Tour de France in 1983.-Results:1981...
launched an attack. The attack group soon contained 15 riders, including the likes of Andrew Hampsten and Erik Breukink. However, Urs Zimmerman, Jean-François Bernard, Flavio Giupponi, and Franco Chioccioli were not present in the attack group. The leading group was being driven by Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu's six riders at the front. In the valley, after the descent of the Rombo, Chioccioli, Zimmerman, Bernard, and nine others began to chase down the large attack group in front. Their efforts proved to be successful, they ended up catching the large 15-man group with only a few kilometers left in the stage. Franco Vona made a last minute attack, which won him the stage in Innsbruck
Innsbruck
- Main sights :- Buildings :*Golden Roof*Kaiserliche Hofburg *Hofkirche with the cenotaph of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor*Altes Landhaus...
.
The eighteenth stage would prove to be critical in deciding the overall winner of the Giro d'Italia. The stage is was an 18 km Individual Time Trial
Individual time trial
An individual time trial is a road bicycle race in which cyclists race alone against the clock . There are also track-based time trials where riders compete in velodromes, and team time trials...
that lead up a mountain. The route started off with 5 km of flat roads of Levico Terme, before starting the climb to the Vetriolo Terme ski station. The mountain rises over 3,000 ft, with an average gradient of 8.4%. The leader at the time, Andrew Hampsten, was up by only 42 seconds over the second placed rider, Erik Breukink. Halfway through the route, Hampsten gained 16 seconds on Breukink. The finish line was on a false flat of the mountain. Hampsten sprinted with all the might that he had, and crossed the line 1:04 seconds faster than Breukink. Along with the time he gain on his competitors, Hampsten also won the stage. The nineteenth stage featured three categorized climbs. The first climb of the day was the Passo Duran
Passo Duran
The Duran Pass is a high mountain pass in the Dolomites in the province of Belluno in Italy.It is situated between the municipality of La Valle Agordina and Zoldo Alto; it connects Agordo in the Cordevole valley and Dont in the Zoldo valley. The pass road, SS 347, has a maximum grade of 15 percent...
. The climb of the Duran lasted 13 km, and climbed 3,300 ft. On a portion of the climb, with a 14% gradient, Urs Zimmerman attacked. The main contenders didn't follow, since there were over 140 km remaining in the stage. Zimmerman crossed the summit of the Duran 45 seconds ahead of Hampsten. At this point in the stage, Hampsten was in a four man group. The three other members were Hampsten's teammate Jeff Pierce
Jeff Pierce
Jeff Pierce is a retired American professional road bicycle racer. At the 1987 Tour de France, Pierce gained fame by becoming the third American to win a stage in the Tour de France, winning the final stage on the Champs-Élysées while riding for Team 7-Eleven.In 1991 Jeff Pierce appeared in a...
, Chateau d'Ax's Stefano Giuliani, and Fanini - Seven Up's Stefano Tomasini
Stefano Tomasini
Stefano Tomasini was an Italian professional cyclist between the years of 1987 and 1990. Tomasini is most known for winning the Young rider Classification at the 1988. That year, he finished ninth overall. That was his highest finish at the Giro in his short career.-References:...
. On the descent of the Duran, Giuliani bridged the gap to Zimmerman. The two leading riders, Zimmerman and Giuliani, crossed the summit of the second climb of the Pieve di Cadore
Pieve di Cadore
Pieve di Cadore is a comune in the province of Belluno in the Italian region Veneto, located about 110 km north of Venice and about 35 km northeast of Belluno.The painter Titian was born here, c. 1485...
4 minutes and ten seconds in front of the Hampsten group. With 73 km to go in the stage, Pierce led the rest of the Hampsten breakaway, which had expanded to six men, up to the third climb of the day, the Passo di Mauria. Behind the Hampsten group was another group of riders that contained three other riders from 7-Eleven-Hoonved
7-Eleven Cycling Team
The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist...
. The Zimmerman group had a lead of 5:30 over the Hampsten group and a 7:30 lead over the group with the other 7-Eleven-Hoonved riders. Hampsten slowed the pace of his group down, and the group with his teammates caught after the crossing of the Mauria. Zimmerman took advantage of the descent and remained out in front with Giuliani, who desperately tried to hang on Zimmerman's wheel. With about 20 km remaining in the stage, the chase group had grown to about 50 riders and the gap was 5:36 to leading two riders. 7-Eleven-Hoonved
7-Eleven Cycling Team
The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist...
's four riders were on front for the whole chase, before 's riders came to the front, after finding out that Breukink's second place overall was being threatened. Giuliani would cross the finish in Arta Terme in first place, with Zimmerman crossing right after him. The group containing Hampsten and Zimmerman would come to the finish a little over three minutes after Giuliani. Zimmerman's performance on the stage was good enough to gain him enough time to put him in second place overall.
The penultimate stage, 21a, cumulated in a bunch sprint. That sprint was won by 's Urs Freuler
Urs Freuler
Urs Freuler is a Swiss cyclist, who raced professionally between 1980 and 1997, during which he won 71 victories. He was named Swiss Sports Personality of the Year in 1982 and 1983.He was born in Bilten...
. Just hours later the final stage took place. It was a 43 km Individual Time Trial, which started and ended in Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto is a city and comune situated in the Province of Treviso, in the region of Veneto, Italy, in the northeast of the Italian peninsula, between the Piave and the Livenza rivers.-Geography:...
. The route for the time trial was relatively flat, with some hills. As the General Classification contenders were on the course, lightning began to strike, thunder started to clap, and rain began to pour. There was a tricky descent with about 18 km into the stage, and the addition of rain only made it harder. Flavio Giuppioni's front disc wheel came off, and Giuppioni was sent head first into a ditch. Erik Breukink made it through cleanly. Just three minutes later, Urs Zimmerman came down that same descent. Zimmerman was taking the corner casually, before sliding off the road and into the surrounding hillside. Andrew Hampsten heard through race radio of the falls that occurred on the descent, and began to slow down. He made it down the same corner that Giuppioni and Zimmerman crashed on, but only barely. Hampsten slid out as well, but didn't fall. The fact that he used a spoked front wheel, gave him better control in the wind gusts. The riders that had crashed couldn't control their front disc wheels in the strong wind gusts, sending them to the ground. The second half of the course was flat. Lech Piasecki
Lech Piasecki
Lech Piasecki is a Polish former racing cyclist. Born in Poznań, he became the first Polish cyclist to wear the yellow jersey in the Tour de France, in 1987....
, who rode the course when dry, won the stage by 47 seconds over the second place finisher, Eric Vanderaerden
Eric Vanderaerden
Eric Vanderaerden is a retired road cyclist from the town of Lummen, Belgium.He was a considerable talent, winning the prologue time trial of the Vuelta and the Tour de France in his professional debut year 1983. As for classics, he won the Ronde van Vlaanderen in 1985 and Paris–Roubaix in 1987...
. Erik Breukink, who was in third place at the start of the stage, gained enough time to finish in second place overall. Zimmerman went from second to third place overall, after his costly crash. Andrew Hampsten finished seventh overall on the stage, and first overall in the Giro d'Italia. Hampsten became the first American to win the Giro d'Italia on 12 June.
Classification Leadership
In the 1988 Giro d'Italia, four different jerseys were awarded. For the general classificationGeneral Classification
The general classification in bicycle racing is the category that tracks overall times for bicycle riders in multi-stage bicycle races...
, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage, and allowing time bonuses for the first three finishers on mass-start stages, the leader received a pink jersey. This classification was considered the most important of the Giro d'Italia, and the winner was considered the winner of the Giro.
Additionally, there was a points classification
Points classification
The points classification is a secondary award category in road bicycle racing. Points are given for high finishes and, in some cases, for winning intermediate sprints. The points classification is the top prize for many cycling sprinters and therefore is often known as the Sprint Classification;...
, which awarded a purple, or cyclamen jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing in the top 15 in a stage. In addition, points could be won in intermediate sprints.
There was also a mountains classification, the leadership of which was marked by a green jersey. In the mountains classifications, points were won by reaching the top of a climb before other cyclists. Each climb was categorized as either first, second, or third category, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The Cima Coppi
Cima Coppi
The Cima Coppi is the highest altitude reached by the passage of cyclists during the course of the Giro d'Italia. It was established in 1965, five years after the death of the "champion" Fausto Coppi.- Past Cima Coppi's :...
, the race's highest point of elevation, awarded still more points than the other first-category climbs. The Cima Coppi for this Giro, was supposed to be the Passo del Stelvio. The day the Giro was supposed to cross the Stelvio, it was covered in snow and the Stelvio was not climbed.
The fourth jersey represented the young rider classification, marked by a white jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders born after 1 January 1964 were eligible.
The fifth jersey represents the leader of the combination classification, marked by a blue jersey.
The rows in the following table correspond to the jerseys awarded after that stage was run.
| Stage | Winner | General classification |
Points classification |
Mountains classification Mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia The mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia is a secondary classification. In this classification, points are awarded to the leading riders over designated climbs. Most climbs are sorted into one of three scales based on difficulty and its position on that day's stage...  |
Young rider classification Young rider classification in the Giro d'Italia Since 1976, The Giro d'Italia has had a young rider classification. The leader in this classification wears the maglia bianca . The classification is determined by the best overall time, but only young cyclists were in the competition....  |
Combination classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
not awarded | Bruno Hürlimann | not awarded |
| 2 | Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi is an Italian former road bicycle racer. Bontempi's career highlights include winning the spring's classic Gent–Wevelgem two times and a total of 16 stages in the Giro d'Italia throughout his career. He also won six stages in the Tour de France and four stages in the Vuelta a España... |
Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi is an Italian former road bicycle racer. Bontempi's career highlights include winning the spring's classic Gent–Wevelgem two times and a total of 16 stages in the Giro d'Italia throughout his career. He also won six stages in the Tour de France and four stages in the Vuelta a España... |
Stefano Giuliani | |||
| 3 | Stephan Joho | Renato Piccolo | Stephan Joho | |||
| 4a | Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana is an Italian former road bicycle racer. He won stages in Giro d'Italia and Tour de France.- Palmarès :19861988... |
Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana is an Italian former road bicycle racer. He won stages in Giro d'Italia and Tour de France.- Palmarès :19861988... |
Rolf Sörensen | Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana Massimo Podenzana is an Italian former road bicycle racer. He won stages in Giro d'Italia and Tour de France.- Palmarès :19861988... |
||
| 4b | Del Tongo-Colnago-Zanussi | |||||
| 5 | Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi is an Italian former road bicycle racer. Bontempi's career highlights include winning the spring's classic Gent–Wevelgem two times and a total of 16 stages in the Giro d'Italia throughout his career. He also won six stages in the Tour de France and four stages in the Vuelta a España... |
Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi Guido Bontempi is an Italian former road bicycle racer. Bontempi's career highlights include winning the spring's classic Gent–Wevelgem two times and a total of 16 stages in the Giro d'Italia throughout his career. He also won six stages in the Tour de France and four stages in the Vuelta a España... |
||||
| 6 | Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was his overall win in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.- Palmarès :1983... |
Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was his overall win in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.- Palmarès :1983... |
||||
| 7 | Andreas Kappes Andreas Kappes Andreas Kappes is a retired road racing cyclist from Germany, who represented West Germany at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. A track specialist as well, he was professional from 1987 to 2001. Kappes competed in five Tour de Frances, and obtained a total of 41... |
Johan van der Velde Johan van der Velde Johan van der Velde is a former Dutch cyclist. In the 1980 Tour de France he won the Maillot blanc, or white jersey, for being the best young rider under 25, also placing 12th overall that year. He had been a racing cyclist for only a year... |
||||
| 8 | Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
|||||
| 9 | Alessio di Basco | |||||
| 10 | Paolo Rosola | |||||
| 11 | Stage Cancelled | |||||
| 12 | Tony Rominger Tony Rominger Tony Rominger is a Swiss former professional road racing cyclist who won the Vuelta a España in 1992, 1993 and 1994 and the Giro d'Italia in 1995.He began cycling late, allegedly spurred by competition with his brother... |
Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli Franco Chioccioli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. The highlight of his career was his overall win in the 1991 Giro d'Italia.- Palmarès :1983... |
Franco Vona | Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
||
| 13 | Erik Breukink Erik Breukink Erik Breukink is a former professional road racing cyclist. In 1988, Breukink won the youth competition in the Tour de France. In 1990, Breukink reached the podium in Paris, finishing 3rd in the 1990 Tour de France... |
|||||
| 14 | Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
Stefano Tomasini Stefano Tomasini Stefano Tomasini was an Italian professional cyclist between the years of 1987 and 1990. Tomasini is most known for winning the Young rider Classification at the 1988. That year, he finished ninth overall. That was his highest finish at the Giro in his short career.-References:... |
|||
| 15 | Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard Jean-François Bernard is a former French professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 1984 for La Vie Claire, led by Bernard Hinault... |
|||||
| 16 | Franco Vona | |||||
| 17 | Patrizio Gambirasio | |||||
| 18 | Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
||||
| 19 | Stefano Giuliani | |||||
| 20 | Paolo Rosola | |||||
| 21a | Urs Freuler Urs Freuler Urs Freuler is a Swiss cyclist, who raced professionally between 1980 and 1997, during which he won 71 victories. He was named Swiss Sports Personality of the Year in 1982 and 1983.He was born in Bilten... |
|||||
| 21b | Lech Piasecki Lech Piasecki Lech Piasecki is a Polish former racing cyclist. Born in Poznań, he became the first Polish cyclist to wear the yellow jersey in the Tour de France, in 1987.... |
|||||
| Final | Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
Johan van der Velde Johan van der Velde Johan van der Velde is a former Dutch cyclist. In the 1980 Tour de France he won the Maillot blanc, or white jersey, for being the best young rider under 25, also placing 12th overall that year. He had been a racing cyclist for only a year... |
Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
Stefano Tomasini Stefano Tomasini Stefano Tomasini was an Italian professional cyclist between the years of 1987 and 1990. Tomasini is most known for winning the Young rider Classification at the 1988. That year, he finished ninth overall. That was his highest finish at the Giro in his short career.-References:... |
Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten Andrew Hampsten is an American former professional road bicycle racer who won the 1988 Giro d'Italia and the Alpe d'Huez stage of the 1992 Tour de France.-Career highlights:... |
|
Final Standings
| Legend | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |
Denotes the winner of the General classification | |
Denotes the winner of the Mountains classification Mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia The mountains classification in the Giro d'Italia is a secondary classification. In this classification, points are awarded to the leading riders over designated climbs. Most climbs are sorted into one of three scales based on difficulty and its position on that day's stage... |
 |
Denotes the winner of the Points classification | |
Denotes the winner of the Young rider classification Young rider classification in the Giro d'Italia Since 1976, The Giro d'Italia has had a young rider classification. The leader in this classification wears the maglia bianca . The classification is determined by the best overall time, but only young cyclists were in the competition.... |
| |
Denotes the winner of the Combination classification | ||
General classification
| Rank | Name | Team | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7-Eleven-Hoonved | 97h 18' 56" | |
| 2 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 1' 43" | |
| 3 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | + 2' 45" | |
| 4 | Del Tongo | + 6' 56" | |
| 5 | Del Tongo | + 13' 20" | |
| 6 | GIS – Ecoflam – Jolly | + 15' 20" | |
| 7 | Reynolds | + 17' 02" | |
| 8 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 18' 14" | |
| 9 | Fanini – Seven Up | + 27' 01 | |
| 10 | Atala – Ofmega | + 27' 02" |
| Final general classification (11–125) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Name | Team | Time |
| 11 | Cyndarella-Magniflex | +28' 17" | |
| 12 | Toshiba-Look | s.t. | |
| 13 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | +40' 07" | |
| 14 | 7-Eleven-Hoonved | +40' 09" | |
| 15 | Chateau d'Ax | +42' 31" | |
| 16 | Zahor Chocolates | +49' 12" | |
| 17 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | +53' 49" | |
| 18 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | +54' 48" | |
| 19 | Gewiss-Bianchi | +55' 05" | |
| 20 | Gewiss-Bianchi | +55' 33" | |
| 21 | Chateau d'Ax | +57' 39" | |
| 22 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | +58' 12" | |
| 23 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | +59' 17" | |
| 24 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | + 1h 01' 11" | |
| 25 | Alba Cucine – Benotto | + 1h 01' 22" | |
| 26 | Alfa Lum – Ecoflam | + 1h 02' 42" | |
| 27 | Del Tongo | + 1h 03' 28 | |
| 28 | Alba Cucine – Benotto | + 1h 04' 10" | |
| 29 | Del Tongo | + 1h 04' 30" | |
| 30 | Reynolds | + 1h 06' 55" | |
| 31 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 1h 08' 58" | |
| 32 | Reynolds | + 1h 10' 21" | |
| 33 | Selca – Conti | + 1h 11' 30" | |
| 34 | Alba Cucine – Benotto | + 1h 11' 35" | |
| 35 | Atala – Ofmega | + 1h 12' 07" | |
| 36 | Del Tongo | + 1h 14' 58" | |
| 37 | Toshiba-Look | + 1h 15' 40" | |
| 38 | Reynolds | + 1h 17' 24" | |
| 39 | Ariostea – Gres | + 1h 18' 07" | |
| 40 | Zahor Chocolates | +1h 18' 43" | |
| 41 | Atala – Ofmega | + 1h 18' 57" | |
| 42 | Ariostea – Gres | + 1h 20' 51" | |
| 43 | Cyndarella-Magniflex | + 1h 25' 51" | |
| 44 | Chateau d'Ax | + 1h 27' 44" | |
| 45 | Reynolds | + 1h 28' 15" | |
| 46 | 7-Eleven-Hoonved | + 1h 28' 46" | |
| 47 | Reynolds | + 1h 29' 13" | |
| 48 | Cyndarella-Magniflex | + 1h 35' 20" | |
| 49 | Gewiss-Bianchi | + 1h 35' 26" | |
| 50 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 1h 36' 02" | |
| 51 | Alba Cucine – Benotto | + 1h 38' 24 | |
| 52 | Del Tongo | + 1h 39' 51" | |
| 53 | Ariostea – Gres | + 1h 43' 42" | |
| 54 | Chateau d'Ax | + 1h 44' 22" | |
| 55 | PDM-Ultima-Concorde | + 1h 46' 21" | |
| 56 | Chateau d'Ax | + 1h 47' 10" | |
| 57 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 1h 48' 15" | |
| 58 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 1h 49' 10" | |
| 59 | Selca – Conti | + 1h 50' 43" | |
| 60 | Alfa Lum – Ecoflam | + 1h 51' 01" | |
| 61 | 7-Eleven-Hoonved | + 1h 52' 07" | |
| 62 | 7-Eleven-Hoonved | + 1h 52' 21" | |
| 63 | Gewiss-Bianchi | + 1h 54' 48" | |
| 64 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 1h 55' 10" | |
| 65 | GIS – Ecoflam – Jolly | + 1h 56' 27" | |
| 66 | PDM-Ultima-Concorde | + 1h 57' 15" | |
| 67 | Fanini – Seven Up | + 2h 00' 43" | |
| 68 | Gewiss-Bianchi | + 2h 05' 18" | |
| 69 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 2h 05' 19" | |
| 70 | Del Tongo | + 2h 06' 11" | |
| 71 | Cyndarella-Magniflexo | + 2h 07' 12" | |
| 72 | Cyndarella-Magniflex | + 2h 09' 36" | |
| 73 | Gewiss-Bianchi | + 2h 09' 45" | |
| 74 | Del Tongo | + 2h 09' 56" | |
| 75 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 2h 10' 16" | |
| 76 | Chateau d'Ax | + 2h 13' 08" | |
| 77 | Fanini – Seven Up | + 2h 13' 19" | |
| 78 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | + 2h 13' 45" | |
| 79 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 2h 15' 33" | |
| 80 | Del Tongo | + 2h 16' 48" | |
| 81 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 2h 18' 42" | |
| 82 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 2h 18' 50" | |
| 83 | Alfa Lum – Ecoflam | + 2h 18' 56" | |
| 84 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | + 2h 19' 32" | |
| 85 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 2h 19' 36" | |
| 86 | Fanini – Seven Up | + 2h 20' 44" | |
| 87 | Atala – Ofmega | s.t. | |
| 88 | Ariostea – Gres | + 2h 24' 30" | |
| 89 | Atala – Ofmega | + 2h 26' 55" | |
| 90 | GIS – Ecoflam – Jolly | + 2h 31' 27" | |
| 91 | Carrera Jeans-Vagabond | + 2h 31' 47" | |
| 92 | Cyndarella-Magniflex | + 2h 32' 38" | |
| 93 | Ariostea – Gres | + 2h 35' 11" | |
| 94 | Zahor Chocolates | + 2h 38' 16" | |
| 95 | Selca – Conti | + 2h 40' 11" | |
| 96 | Atala – Ofmega | + 2h 42' 20" | |
| 97 | Gewiss-Bianchi | + 2h 45' 16" | |
| 98 | Reynolds | + 2h 45' 59" | |
| 99 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 2h 49' 04" | |
| 100 | Ariostea – Gres | + 2h 49' 37" | |
| 101 | Toshiba-Look | + 2h 50' 10" | |
| 102 | Gewiss-Bianchi | + 2h 55' 06" | |
| 103 | Panasonic-Isostar-Colnago-Agu | + 2h 56' 48" | |
| 104 | Alba Cucine – Benotto | + 2h 57' 52" | |
| 105 | Toshiba-Look | + 2h 58' 24" | |
| 106 | GIS – Ecoflam – Jolly | + 2h 59' 41" | |
| 107 | Atala – Ofmega | + 3h 05' 27" | |
| 108 | Alfa Lum – Ecoflam | + 3h 07' 25" | |
| 109 | Fanini – Seven Up | + 3h 07' 48" | |
| 110 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 3h 08' 59" | |
| 111 | Selca – Conti | + 3h 10' 13" | |
| 112 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 3h 11' 02" | |
| 113 | GIS – Ecoflam – Jolly | + 3h 11' 07" | |
| 114 | Chateau d'Ax | + 3h 17 '00" | |
| 115 | Malvor – Bottecchia – Sidi | + 3h 21' 13" | |
| 116 | Alfa Lum – Ecoflam | + 3h 29' 20" | |
| 117 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 3h 34'56" | |
| 118 | 7-Eleven-Hoonved | + 3h 40' 27" | |
| 119 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 3h 43' 00" | |
| 120 | Selca – Conti | + 3h 46' 49" | |
| 121 | Chateau d'Ax | + 3h 48' 51" | |
| 122 | Alba Cucine – Benotto | + 3h 52' 01" | |
| 123 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 4h 06' 47" | |
| 124 | Isoglass-Mosoca | + 4h 19' 36" | |
| 125 | Selca – Conti | + 4h 48' 15" | |
Points classification
| Rider | Team | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |
GIS - Ecoflam - Jolly | 154 |
| 2 | Ariostea - Gres | 131 | |
| 3 | |
7-Eleven-Hoonved 7-Eleven Cycling Team The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist... |
129 |
| 4 | Fanini - Seven Up | 117 | |
| 5 | 115 |
Mountains classification
| Rider | Team | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |
7-Eleven-Hoonved 7-Eleven Cycling Team The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist... |
59 |
| 2 | 55 | ||
| 3 | Gewiss-Bianchi | 49 | |
| 4 | 40 | ||
| 5 | 23 |
Young rider classification
| Rider | Team | Time | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |
Fanini - Seven Up | 97h 45' 57" |
| 2 | Chateau d'Ax | + 15' 30" | |
| 3 | Malvor - Bottecchia - Sidi | + 32' 16" | |
| 4 | Del Tongo | + 37' 37" | |
| 5 | Reynolds | + 43' 20" |
Team classification
| Team | Time | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 291h 10' 15" | |
| 2 | + 4' 34" | |
| 3 | Del Tongo | + 9' 55" |
Combination Classification
| Rider | Team | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |
7-Eleven-Hoonved 7-Eleven Cycling Team The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist... |
8 |
| 2 | 12 | ||
| 3 | 20 |
Intermediate Sprints classification
| Rider | Team | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fanini - Seven Up | 41 | |
| 2 | Alba Cucine - Benotto | 22 | |
| 3 | Alba Cucine - Benotto | 9 |
Special sprints classification
| Rider | Team | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |
7-Eleven-Hoonved 7-Eleven Cycling Team The 7-Eleven Cycling Team, later the Motorola Cycling Team, was a professional cycling team founded in the U.S. in 1981 by Jim Ochowicz, a former U.S. Olympic cyclist... |
21 |
| 2 | 17 | ||
| Ariostea - Gres | 17 |
Combativity classification
| Rider | Team | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ariostea - Gres | 73 | |
| 2 | Gewiss-Bianchi Bianchi cycling team Bianchi was an Italian professional cycling team that was sponsored by and cycled on Bianchi racing bikes. A Bianchi cycling team existed in 1899 which implies that Bianchi was sponsoring professional cycling at a very early stage in the sport. It appears that the team existed from 1899 to 1900,... |
66 | |
| 3 | Del Tongo | 50 |
External links
- Memoire-du-Cyclisme.net (French)