1970 in Israel
Encyclopedia
Incumbents
- Prime Minister of IsraelPrime Minister of IsraelThe Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and the most powerful political figure in Israel . The prime minister is the country's chief executive. The official residence of the prime minister, Beit Rosh Hamemshala is in Jerusalem...
– Golda MeirGolda MeirGolda Meir ; May 3, 1898 – December 8, 1978) was a teacher, kibbutznik and politician who became the fourth Prime Minister of the State of Israel....
(AlignmentAlignment (political party)The Alignment was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s. It was established in 1965 as an alliance of Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda but was dissolved three years later when the two parties and Rafi formally merged into the Israeli Labor Party...
) - President of IsraelPresident of IsraelThe President of the State of Israel is the head of state of Israel. The position is largely an apolitical ceremonial figurehead role, with the real executive power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister. The current president is Shimon Peres who took office on 15 July 2007...
– Zalman ShazarZalman ShazarZalman Shazar was an Israeli politician, author. and poet. Shazar served as the third President of Israel from 1963 to 1973.-Biography:... - Chief of General Staff - Haim Bar-Lev
- Government of Israel - 15th Government of IsraelFifteenth government of IsraelThe fifteenth government of Israel was formed by Golda Meir on 15 December 1969 following the October elections. The government was a continuation of the national unity government formed during the previous Knesset, and consisted of the Alignment, Gahal, the National Religious Party, the...
Events
- January 22 – War of AttritionWar of AttritionThe international community and both countries attempted to find a diplomatic solution to the conflict. The Jarring Mission of the United Nations was supposed to ensure that the terms of UN Security Council Resolution 242 would be observed, but by late 1970 it was clear that this mission had been...
: The IDFIsrael Defense ForcesThe Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal , are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel...
launces Operation RhodesOperation RhodesOperation Rhodes was an Israeli heliborne raid against the Egyptian island of Shadwan on 22 January 1970, during the War of Attrition. It was carried out by Israeli paratroopers and Shayetet 13 naval commandos, who took control of the island for over a day before leaving with 62 captured Egyptian...
, a heliborne raid against the EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
ian island of ShadwanShadwanShadwan is a barren rocky island in the mouth of the Gulf of Suez in the northern Red Sea. Situated some 20 miles from Sharm el-Sheikh, the island is in length, and between 3 and 5 km wide. It was formerly also called Shaker Island...
. Israeli paratroopers and Shayetet-13 naval commandos take control of the island for 36 hours before leaving with 62 captured Egyptian soldiers and radar equipment.Gawrych 2000, pp. 115-116 - January 24 - An accident occurs in the military section of the Port of EilatPort of EilatThe Port of Eilat is the only Israeli port on the Red Sea, located at the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba.-History:The Port of Eilat opened in 1957 and is today mainly used for trading with Far East countries. It allows Israeli shipping to reach the Indian Ocean without having to sail through the...
in which a truck loaded with ammunition explodes, killing 21 and injuring dozens more. - July 30 – War of AttritionWar of AttritionThe international community and both countries attempted to find a diplomatic solution to the conflict. The Jarring Mission of the United Nations was supposed to ensure that the terms of UN Security Council Resolution 242 would be observed, but by late 1970 it was clear that this mission had been...
: A large-scale dogfight, codenamed Rimon 20, takes place west of the Suez CanalSuez CanalThe Suez Canal , also known by the nickname "The Highway to India", is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigation...
, in which Israeli pilots down five Soviet-piloted MiGMig-Industry:*MiG, now Mikoyan, a Russian aircraft corporation, formerly the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau*Metal inert gas welding or MIG welding, a type of welding using an electric arc and a shielding gas-Business and finance:...
s, while the Israeli Air ForceIsraeli Air ForceThe Israeli Air Force is the air force of the State of Israel and the aerial arm of the Israel Defense Forces. It was founded on May 28, 1948, shortly after the Israeli Declaration of Independence...
suffers no casualties except a damaged MirageMirageA mirage is a naturally occurring optical phenomenon in which light rays are bent to produce a displaced image of distant objects or the sky. The word comes to English via the French mirage, from the Latin mirare, meaning "to look at, to wonder at"...
. - August 7 – The War of AttritionWar of AttritionThe international community and both countries attempted to find a diplomatic solution to the conflict. The Jarring Mission of the United Nations was supposed to ensure that the terms of UN Security Council Resolution 242 would be observed, but by late 1970 it was clear that this mission had been...
ends as a cease-fire agreement is reached. - December 30 – The Neot HaKikar disasterNeot HaKikar disasterNeot HaKikar disaster which occurred in Israeli on 30 December 1970 was at that point in time the worst natural disaster in Israel since the founding of the State of Israel until the Mount Carmel forest fire of 2010. During the event a rock detached from a cliff due to heavy rains and crushed an...
(אסון נאות הכיכר): the worst natural disasterNatural disasterA natural disaster is the effect of a natural hazard . It leads to financial, environmental or human losses...
since the founding of the State of Israel. A rock detaches from a cliff due to heavy rains and crushes an IDFIsrael Defense ForcesThe Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal , are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel...
military base dining room. 20 Israelis are killed in the disaster (19 soldiers and a civilian) and ten soldiers were injured (three of them severely).
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1970 include:Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets
Palestinian political violence
Palestinian political violence refers to acts of violence undertaken to further the Palestinian cause. These political objectives include self-determination in and sovereignty over Palestine, the liberation of Palestine and establishment of a Palestinian state, either in place of both Israel and...
s committed against Israelis during 1970 include:
- February 10 – An unsuccessful plane hijack attempt in which Palestinian Arab militants from the Popular Front for the Liberation of PalestinePopular Front for the Liberation of PalestineThe Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine is a Palestinian Marxist-Leninist organisation founded in 1967. It has consistently been the second-largest of the groups forming the Palestine Liberation Organization , the largest being Fatah...
attack a bus containing El AlEl AlEl Al Israel Airlines Ltd , trading as El Al , is the flag carrier of Israel. It operates scheduled domestic and international services and cargo flights to Europe, North America, Africa and the Far East from its main base in Ben Gurion International Airport...
passengers at Munich airport, killing one passenger and wounding 11 (among them Israeli actress Hanna MaronHanna Maron- See also :* List of Israel Prize recipients...
). - February 21 – A mid-air bomb explosion cripples Swissair Flight 330Swissair Flight 330Swissair Flight SR330 was a regularly scheduled flight from Zürich International Airport in Kloten, Switzerland to Tel Aviv, Israel.On February 21, 1970, HB-ICD a Convair CV-990 Coronado jet named “Baselland” was flying on the route with 38 passengers and nine crew members...
nine minutes after take-off from ZürichZürichZurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
to Tel AvivTel AvivTel Aviv , officially Tel Aviv-Yafo , is the second most populous city in Israel, with a population of 404,400 on a land area of . The city is located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline in west-central Israel. It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, with...
. Forty-seven people die when the aircraft crashes while attempting an emergency landing at Zürich, of whom 15 are Israelis. The Palestinian Popular Front for the Liberation of PalestinePopular Front for the Liberation of PalestineThe Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine is a Palestinian Marxist-Leninist organisation founded in 1967. It has consistently been the second-largest of the groups forming the Palestine Liberation Organization , the largest being Fatah...
organization claims responsibility for the attack. - May 4 – An employee at the Israeli consulate in Paraguay was killed by two armed Palestinians.
- May 22 – Avivim school bus massacreAvivim school bus massacreThe Avivim school bus massacre was a terrorist attack on an Israeli school bus on May 8, 1970 in which 12 Israeli civilians were killed, nine of them children, and 25 were wounded. The attack took place on the road to Moshav Avivim, near Israel's border with Lebanon. Two bazooka shells were fired...
: Palestinian Arab militants from the Palestine Liberation OrganizationPalestine Liberation OrganizationThe Palestine Liberation Organization is a political and paramilitary organization which was created in 1964. It is recognized as the "sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people" by the United Nations and over 100 states with which it holds diplomatic relations, and has enjoyed...
attack the community school busSchool busA school bus is a type of bus designed and manufactured for student transport: carrying children and teenagers to and from school and school events...
from the Israeli moshav AvivimAvivimAvivim , is an Israeli moshav in the far north of Israel, in the Upper Galilee. It is located less than one kilometre from the Lebanese border, and on the land of the depopulated Shiite village of Salha ....
, killing nine children and three adults, and crippling for life 19 children. - September 6 - Dawson's Field hijackingsDawson's Field hijackingsIn the Dawson's Field hijackings five jet aircraft bound for New York City were hijacked by members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine...
: simultaneous attempts to hijack four airliners by Paelstinian militants belonging to the PFLP. Two planes landed in Dawson's Field, a remote desert airstrip in JordanJordanJordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...
. - September 11 – Dawson's Field hijackingsDawson's Field hijackingsIn the Dawson's Field hijackings five jet aircraft bound for New York City were hijacked by members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine...
: The Dawson's Field hijackers release 88 of their hostages. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews and Israeli citizens, are held until September 25. - September 12 – Dawson's Field hijackingsDawson's Field hijackingsIn the Dawson's Field hijackings five jet aircraft bound for New York City were hijacked by members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine...
: the PFLP used explosives to destroy the empty planes, as they anticipated a counterstrike.
Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets
The most prominent Israeli military counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism
Counter-terrorism is the practices, tactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, militaries, police departments and corporations adopt to prevent or in response to terrorist threats and/or acts, both real and imputed.The tactic of terrorism is available to insurgents and governments...
operations (military campaign
Military campaign
In the military sciences, the term military campaign applies to large scale, long duration, significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of inter-related military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war...
s and military operations) carried out against Palestinian militants during 1970 include:
Notable births
- January 10 – Ariel HorowitzAriel HorowitzAriel Horowitz is an Israeli Singer-Songwriter, and the son of the late Naomi Shemer, widely regarded as one of Israel's most important song writers. He released three albums: Yallah Bye , Renée and Menase Sefer ....
, Israeli singer and songwriter. - January 14 – Nili AbramskiNili AbramskiNili Abramski is an Israeli female long-distance runner.-Career highlights:MarathonsNili Abramski is an Israeli female long-distance runner.-Career highlights:...
, Israeli long distance runner. - May 23 – Yigal AmirYigal AmirYigal Amir is the Israeli assassin of Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Rabin. The assassination took place on November 4, 1995 at the conclusion of a rally in Tel Aviv. Amir is currently serving a life sentence for murder plus six years for injuring Rabin's bodyguard, Yoram Rubin, under...
, assassin of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak RabinYitzhak Rabin' was an Israeli politician, statesman and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–77 and 1992 until his assassination in 1995....
. - June 20 – Oren SmadjaOren SmadjaShay-Oren Smadja is an Israeli judoka.He won the Olympic bronze medal in the under 71 category at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He became only the second Israeli sportsperson to win an Olympic medal, only one day after Yael Arad became the first....
, Israeli Olympic judoka. - July 8 – Assaf BernsteinAssaf Bernstein-Life and Works:Bernstein was born July 8, 1970, in Israel.He directed the 2007 film The Debt , starring Gila Almagor, about three former Israeli Mossad agents who must confront a secret from their past. He also wrote and co-produced the film, and later helped write the 2010 U.S...
, Israeli film writer, director, and producer. - August 1 – Elon LindenstraussElon LindenstraussElon Lindenstrauss is an Israeli mathematician, and a winner of the 2010 Fields Medal.Since 2004, he has been a professor at Princeton University...
, Israeli mathematician and first Israeli recipient of the Fields medalFields MedalThe Fields Medal, officially known as International Medal for Outstanding Discoveries in Mathematics, is a prize awarded to two, three, or four mathematicians not over 40 years of age at each International Congress of the International Mathematical Union , a meeting that takes place every four...
. - September 21 – Mosh Ben-AriMosh Ben-AriMosh Ben Ari is an Israeli musician, lyricist and composer.- Biography :Ben Ari was born in Afula, Israel in 1970. He comes from a Yemenite and Iraqi Jewish background. He first discovered music as a child through the traditional Jewish and ethnic chants that were part of his everyday life...
, Israeli singer. - September 30 – Gilad ErdanGilad ErdanGilad Menashe Erdan is an Israeli politician who currently serves as a member of the Knesset for Likud and as the country's Minister of Environmental Protection. He is currently the chairman of the Likud Youth.-Biography:...
, Israeli Minister of Environmental Protection. - November 2 – Dana BergerDana BergerDana Berger is an Israeli singer-songwriter and occasional actress, who is a graduate of the Rimon school of contemporary music. Berger came to fame in the 1990s, appearing on the popular TV show "Inyan Shel Zman"...
, Israeli singer. - November 13 – Ariel AtiasAriel AtiasAriel Atias is an Israeli politician who currently serves as a member of the Knesset for Shas, and as the country's Minister of Housing and Construction. He is also manager of Shas' kosher supervision organization.-Biography:...
, Israeli inister of Housing and Construction - November 21 – Alma ZackAlma Zack-Biography:Zack was born in Tel Aviv, Israel, in 1970, and grew up in Ramat Aviv. Her father is pianist Yonatan Zack and her mother is Adi Etzion, an actress and singer. She has a twin brother, Yoram, and an older brother, Dudi. She attended the Herzliya Hebrew High School and served in the Israel...
, Israeli actress and comedienne. - November 23 – Oded FehrOded FehrOded Fehr is an Israeli film and television actor now based in the United States. He is known for his appearance as Ardeth Bay in the 1999 remake of The Mummy and its sequel The Mummy Returns, as well as Carlos Olivera in Resident Evil: Apocalypse, Resident Evil: Extinction and Resident Evil:...
, Israeli film and television actor. - Full date unknown
- Dorit AharonovDorit AharonovDorit Aharonov is an Israeli computer scientist specializing in quantum computing.Aharonov graduated from Hebrew University of Jerusalem with a BSc in Mathematics and Physics in 1994. She then graduated from Weizmann Institute of Science with an MSc in Physics...
– Israeli computer scientist. - Alon GoldsteinAlon GoldsteinAlon Goldstein is an Israeli classical pianist.-Biography:Alon Goldstein is one of the most original and sensitive artists of his generation, admired for his musical intelligence and dynamic personality. Alon’s artistic vision and innovative programming have made him a favorite with audiences and...
– Israeli classical pianist.
- Dorit Aharonov
Notable deaths
- January 15 – Leah GoldbergLeah GoldbergLeah Goldberg was a prolific Hebrew poet, author, playwright, literary translator, and comparative literary researcher. Her writings are considered classics of Israeli literature and remain very popular among Hebrew speaking Israelis.-Biography:...
(b. 19111911 in Germany-National level:* Kaiser - Wilhelm II* Chancellor - Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg-Kingdoms:* King of Bavaria - Otto of Bavaria* King of Prussia - Kaiser Wilhelm II* King of Saxony - Frederick Augustus III of Saxony...
), German-born Israeli poet, author, playwright, translator, and researcher of Hebrew literature. - January 18 – Hanoch YelonHanoch YelonHanoch Yelon was an Israeli linguist and leading Talmudic researcher.-Biography:Yelon was born in 1886 in a small village in Galicia, then part of Austria-Hungary ....
(b. 1886), Austro-Hungarian (Galicia)-born Israeli linguist and leading Talmudic researcher. - January 29 – Aryeh Ben-EliezerAryeh Ben-EliezerAryeh Ben-Eliezer was a Revisionist Zionist leader, Irgun member and Israeli politician.-Biography:Ben-Eliezer was born in 1913 in Vilnius in the Russian Empire . His family immigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine in 1920, and he attended high schools in Tel Aviv...
(b. 1913), Russian (Lithuania)-born a Revisionist Zionist leader, Irgun member and Israeli politician. - February 17 – Shmuel Yosef AgnonShmuel Yosef AgnonShmuel Yosef Agnon , was a Nobel Prize laureate writer and was one of the central figures of modern Hebrew fiction. In Hebrew, he is known by the acronym Shai Agnon . In English, his works are published under the name S. Y. Agnon.Agnon was born in Galicia, Austro-Hungarian Empire...
(b. 1888), Austro-Hungarian (Galicia)-born Israeli author and Nobel Prize laureate. - March 28 – Nathan AltermanNathan AltermanNathan Alterman was an Israeli poet, playwright, journalist, and translator who – though never holding any elected office – was highly influential in Socialist Zionist politics, both before and after the establishment of the State of Israel.-Biography:...
(b. 1910), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli poet, playwright, journalist and translator. - April 3 – Avigdor HameiriAvigdor HameiriAvigdor Hameiri was an Israeli author.-Biography:Hameiri was born Avigdor Feuerstein in 1890 in the village of Odavidhaza , Carpathian Ruthenia in Austria Hungary. He emigrated to Mandate Palestine in 1921, where he became one of the original 16,000 1948 freedom fighters...
(b. 1890), Austro-Hungarian (Carpathian RutheniaCarpathian RutheniaCarpathian Ruthenia is a region in Eastern Europe, mostly located in western Ukraine's Zakarpattia Oblast , with smaller parts in easternmost Slovakia , Poland's Lemkovyna and Romanian Maramureş.It is...
)-born Israeli author. - June 9 – Yeshayahu ForderYeshayahu ForderDr Yeshayahu Forder was a German-Israeli lawyer and politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Progressive Party between 1949 and 1957.-Biography:...
(b. 19011901 in Germany-National level:* Kaiser - Wilhelm II* Chancellor - Bernhard von Bülow-Kingdoms:* King of Bavaria - Otto of Bavaria* King of Prussia - Kaiser Wilhelm II* King of Saxony - Albert of Saxony* King of Württemberg - William II of Württemberg-Grand Duchies:...
), German-born Israeli lawyer and politician. - June 12 – Yisrael BarzilaiYisrael BarzilaiYisrael Barzilai was an Israeli politician who served as a government minister during the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s.-Biography:Born in an area that was later to become part of Poland), Barzilai joined Hashomer Hatzair at the age of 11. In 1932 he moved to Paris to study, before making aliyah to...
(b. 1913), Polish-born Israeli politician. - July 16 – Haim-Moshe ShapiraHaim-Moshe ShapiraHaim-Moshe Shapira was a key Israeli politician in the early days of the state's existence. A signatory of Israel's declaration of independence, he served continuously as a minister from the country's foundation in 1948 until his death in 1970 apart from a brief spell in the late...
(b. 1902), Russian (Poland)-born Israeli politician. - August 7 – Eliezer SteinmanEliezer SteinmanEliezer Steinman was a Russian-born Israeli writer, journalist and editor.-Biography:Steinman was born in 1892 in a village in Podolia in the Russian Empire, later part of Poland, now in Ukraine. In his youth, while studying in Chişinău to obtain semikhah to become a rabbi, he began to publish his...
(b. 1892), Russian (Poland/Ukraine)-born Israeli writer, journalist and editor. - September 6 – Zalman AranZalman Aran-Biography:Aran was born Zalman Aharonowitz in 1899 in Yuzovka in the Russian Empire , and received a religious education in a heder. He later studied agriculture in Kharkov. In his youth, he was active in Tze'irei Zion, and in 1917 became a member of the "Self-Defense Organization Committee" of...
(b. 1899), Russian (Ukraine)-born Zionist activist, educator and Israeli politician. - September 7 – Yitzhak GruenbaumYitzhak GruenbaumYitzhak Gruenbaum was a noted leader of the Zionist movement among Polish Jewry between the two world wars and of the Yishuv in Mandatory Palestine, and the first Interior Minister of Israel.-Education and journalistic career:Gruenbaum was born in Warsaw, Poland...
(b. 1897), Russian (Poland)-Zionist leader and the first Interior Minister of Israel. - September 11 – Moshe KelmerMoshe KelmerMoshe Kelmer was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset in three spells between 1949 and 1963.-Biography:Born in an area which is today in Poland, Kelmer joined Young Mizrachi during his youth. He made aliyah to Mandate Palestine in 1921, and was amongst the founders of Hapoel...
(b. 1901), Polish-born Israeli politician. - September 13 – Emanuel GoldbergEmanuel GoldbergEmanuel Goldberg was born in Moscow and moved first to Germany and later to Israel...
(b. 1881), Russian-born Israeli chemist.
See also
- 1970 in Israeli film1970 in Israeli filmA list of films produced by the Israeli film industry in 1970.-1970 releases:-External links:* at the Internet Movie Database...
- 1970 in Israeli television
- 1970 in Israeli music
- 1970 in Israeli sport