Červený Kláštor (Monastery)
Encyclopedia
Červený Kláštor is a medieval monastery located in Slovakia
. It is located in the village of Červený Kláštor
within the Pieniny
Mountains, next to the Dunajec River
.
, founded six monasteries as a punishment for murder. In 1319 he donated 62 sectors of his village, Lechnice to the Carthusian
order. A wooden structre was built in 1330, which was later replaced by bricks and stones. The monastery gets the name “Red” from the red bricks that were used on the roofs.
The monastery suffered several quarrels with Czorsztyn
lords, and was occupied by Hussites in 1431 and in 1433. It was adversely hit by the Battle of Mohács
in 1515, and in 1545 Czorsztyn Knights from Niedzica Castle
attacked the monastery, and the monks fled across the Dunajec River into Poland
. The monastery was abolished during the Reformation in 1563, becaming a private residence for wealthy noblemen.
, purchased the monastery, and donated to the Camaldolese
order, who settled down it this area in 1711. In 1782 it was secularized as part of Emperor Joseph II
's campaign against monastic orders that in his view didn't pursue useful activities. The monastery’s library was sold to Budapest
, and the church equipment to Muszyn, Poland.
In 1820 the Emperor Franz Joseph I donated the monastery to the newly founded Greek-Catholic diocese of Prešov.
The monastery suffered a fire in 1907 and was heavily damaged during the Second World War, but after being rebuilt in 1956-66 it was opened again and serves as a museum.
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
. It is located in the village of Červený Kláštor
Cervený Kláštor
This is an article about the Slovakian village. For the monastery see, Červený Kláštor Červený Kláštor is a small village and municipality in the far north Kežmarok District in the Prešov Region of northern Slovakia, near the Polish border in the Zamagurie region.-History:A Camaldolese Monastery...
within the Pieniny
Pieniny
Pieniny is a mountain range in the south of Poland and the north of Slovakia.The Pieniny mountain range is divided into three parts – Pieniny Spiskie and Pieniny Właściwe in Poland; and, Malé Pieniny in Slovakia. The Pieniny mountains consist mainly of the limestone and dolomite rock strata...
Mountains, next to the Dunajec River
Dunajec River
The Dunajec is a river running through southern Poland. It is the right tributary of the Vistula River. It begins in Nowy Targ at the junction of two short mountain rivers, Czarny Dunajec and Biały Dunajec...
.
Carthusian Period
The monastery was founded in the early 14th century, during the Hungarian Empire. Court documents from 1307 state that a man by the name of master Kokoš from BrezovicaBrezovica
Brezovica or Brezovitsa may refer to:* Brezovica Municipality, Slovenia* Brezovica, Hrpelje – Kozina Slovenia* Brezovica, Radovljica Slovenia* Brezovica, Velika Polana in Slovenia* Brezovica, Sabinov, a village in Sabinov District in Slovakia...
, founded six monasteries as a punishment for murder. In 1319 he donated 62 sectors of his village, Lechnice to the Carthusian
Carthusian
The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St. Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. The order was founded by Saint Bruno of Cologne in 1084 and includes both monks and nuns...
order. A wooden structre was built in 1330, which was later replaced by bricks and stones. The monastery gets the name “Red” from the red bricks that were used on the roofs.
The monastery suffered several quarrels with Czorsztyn
Czorsztyn
Czorsztyn is a village in Poland, in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Nowy Targ County. The village lies in Pieniny, is located in the mountain range on the current Polish-Slovakian border...
lords, and was occupied by Hussites in 1431 and in 1433. It was adversely hit by the Battle of Mohács
Mohács
Mohács is a town in Baranya county, Hungary on the right bank of the Danube.-History:Two famous battles took place there:# Battle of Mohács, 1526# Battle of Mohács, 1687...
in 1515, and in 1545 Czorsztyn Knights from Niedzica Castle
Niedzica Castle
Niedzica Castle also known as Dunajec Castle , is located in the southernmost part of Poland in Niedzica . It was erected between the years 1320 and 1326 by Kokos of Brezovica on the site of an ancient stronghold surrounded by earthen walls in the Pieniny mountains...
attacked the monastery, and the monks fled across the Dunajec River into Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
. The monastery was abolished during the Reformation in 1563, becaming a private residence for wealthy noblemen.
Post Carthusian period
In 1699, Ladislav Maťašovský, a bishop in NitraNitra
Nitra is a city in western Slovakia, situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the valley of the river Nitra. With a population of about 83,572, it is the fifth largest city in Slovakia. Nitra is also one of the oldest cities in Slovakia and the country's earliest political and cultural center...
, purchased the monastery, and donated to the Camaldolese
Camaldolese
The Camaldolese monks and nuns are part of the Benedictine family of monastic communities which follow the way of life outlined in the Rule of St. Benedict, written in the 6th century...
order, who settled down it this area in 1711. In 1782 it was secularized as part of Emperor Joseph II
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
Joseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to 1790. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I...
's campaign against monastic orders that in his view didn't pursue useful activities. The monastery’s library was sold to Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
, and the church equipment to Muszyn, Poland.
In 1820 the Emperor Franz Joseph I donated the monastery to the newly founded Greek-Catholic diocese of Prešov.
The monastery suffered a fire in 1907 and was heavily damaged during the Second World War, but after being rebuilt in 1956-66 it was opened again and serves as a museum.