Óscar Osorio
Encyclopedia
Óscar Osorio ruled as a member of the revolutionary government Council of December 14, 1948 to September 14, 1950. He was President of El Salvador from September 14, 1950 until September 14, 1956.
, on December 14, 1910.
He married twice: first with Leticia Rosales, with whom she had three children: Ana Maya, Rhina and Oscar. His second wife was Esperanza Llerena and had two children, Cecilia and Humberto.
His primary education was made in Sonsonate, Santa Ana and San Salvador, and worked in the Military School Captain General Gerardo Barrios in the capital.
He did his higher education in various national and foreign academies, but mostly 3 years in the War College in Turin, Italy
, where he returned to the country in October 1943.
On December 14, 1948, there was a coup d'état of the "young soldiers" against President Salvador Castaneda Castro. Osorio, in the end with the rank of major, was added as a diplomatic mission in El Salvador in Mexico
, and was called to lead the provisional government called the Revolutionary Council government, formed by Major Oscar Bolaños and civilians Reynaldo Galindo Pohl and Heriberto Costa.
Under the new constitution of 1950 the presidential elections were held. In the elections of that year, he presented himself as a candidate of the Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification, founded in 1945 and beat the only opposition candidate, Colonel José Menéndez Ascencio, who was presented by the Action Party Renovadora.
He assumed the constitutional presidency of El Salvador
in 1950 and Osorio's government coincided with a period of calm because the coffee and cotton prices rose considerably. His presidency had adopted a plan of social reforms including the introduction of Social Security for urban workers and the creation of the Institute of Urban Housing (IVU) and developmental measures (pulse limited industrialization). With what he perceived the state in taxes on exports of coffee were initiated numerous public works, particularly the establishment of the Executive Committee on Ports, ECA, the construction of the Hydroelectric Dam "November 5, and the Coastal Highway the "Golden Bridge" on the Lempa River, numerous schools and multifamily housing complexes. It was also celebrated with great pomp the anniversary of the coup d'état of December 14 (officially known as the Revolution of 1948).
There was also a strong impetus to the arts, and he established a scholarship scheme for artists to study abroad.
At the same time, however, together with the democratic opening, Osorio created rules that put the country under a suspension of individual rights and collective, known as the Law on Defense of the Constitutional Order. Based on it, from 1952 until the end of his term, Osorio had developed a policy of selective repression against labor leaders and students, before the rise of the popular movement that emerged from the struggles that led to the overthrow of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
in 1944. Osorio passed as political disappearances the imprisonment of the most important leaders of the Salvadoran left—labor leaders Salvador Cayetano Carpio and his wife Tula Alvarenga, the student leader Gabriel Gallegos Valdés and academic Celestino Castro. All were interrogated and tortured by the National Police, as documented in his book Abduction and Hood, first published in 1956.
The features of the government Osorio called Revolution 48 were:
His continued representation as of 1932 as the government of the oligarchy and imperialism.
With the rising price of coffee, there was a boom in the country.
In tandem with the high rhetoric, the government of Colonel Osorio accentuated the line of repression and terror against the democratic movement organized in the country. After splitting the labor movement and supporting a central reactionary movement with the full support of the state machinery, the Osores-led government acted against the organization of the working class
in El Salvador in an attempt to repress it, albeit less intensely than in 1932.
At the time of Osorio, people began growing cotton on a large scale in the plains of the coast, especially in the east.
Another important fact is the Central American economic integration treaties signed in 1951.
Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio died in Methodist Hospital in Houston, Texas, USA, as a result of kidney failure complicated by pneumonia
.
Biography
Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio was born in the town of Sonsonate, El SalvadorEl Salvador
El Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...
, on December 14, 1910.
He married twice: first with Leticia Rosales, with whom she had three children: Ana Maya, Rhina and Oscar. His second wife was Esperanza Llerena and had two children, Cecilia and Humberto.
His primary education was made in Sonsonate, Santa Ana and San Salvador, and worked in the Military School Captain General Gerardo Barrios in the capital.
He did his higher education in various national and foreign academies, but mostly 3 years in the War College in Turin, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, where he returned to the country in October 1943.
On December 14, 1948, there was a coup d'état of the "young soldiers" against President Salvador Castaneda Castro. Osorio, in the end with the rank of major, was added as a diplomatic mission in El Salvador in Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, and was called to lead the provisional government called the Revolutionary Council government, formed by Major Oscar Bolaños and civilians Reynaldo Galindo Pohl and Heriberto Costa.
Under the new constitution of 1950 the presidential elections were held. In the elections of that year, he presented himself as a candidate of the Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification, founded in 1945 and beat the only opposition candidate, Colonel José Menéndez Ascencio, who was presented by the Action Party Renovadora.
He assumed the constitutional presidency of El Salvador
El Salvador
El Salvador or simply Salvador is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. The country's capital city and largest city is San Salvador; Santa Ana and San Miguel are also important cultural and commercial centers in the country and in all of Central America...
in 1950 and Osorio's government coincided with a period of calm because the coffee and cotton prices rose considerably. His presidency had adopted a plan of social reforms including the introduction of Social Security for urban workers and the creation of the Institute of Urban Housing (IVU) and developmental measures (pulse limited industrialization). With what he perceived the state in taxes on exports of coffee were initiated numerous public works, particularly the establishment of the Executive Committee on Ports, ECA, the construction of the Hydroelectric Dam "November 5, and the Coastal Highway the "Golden Bridge" on the Lempa River, numerous schools and multifamily housing complexes. It was also celebrated with great pomp the anniversary of the coup d'état of December 14 (officially known as the Revolution of 1948).
There was also a strong impetus to the arts, and he established a scholarship scheme for artists to study abroad.
At the same time, however, together with the democratic opening, Osorio created rules that put the country under a suspension of individual rights and collective, known as the Law on Defense of the Constitutional Order. Based on it, from 1952 until the end of his term, Osorio had developed a policy of selective repression against labor leaders and students, before the rise of the popular movement that emerged from the struggles that led to the overthrow of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was the President of El Salvador from 1931 to 1944...
in 1944. Osorio passed as political disappearances the imprisonment of the most important leaders of the Salvadoran left—labor leaders Salvador Cayetano Carpio and his wife Tula Alvarenga, the student leader Gabriel Gallegos Valdés and academic Celestino Castro. All were interrogated and tortured by the National Police, as documented in his book Abduction and Hood, first published in 1956.
The features of the government Osorio called Revolution 48 were:
His continued representation as of 1932 as the government of the oligarchy and imperialism.
With the rising price of coffee, there was a boom in the country.
In tandem with the high rhetoric, the government of Colonel Osorio accentuated the line of repression and terror against the democratic movement organized in the country. After splitting the labor movement and supporting a central reactionary movement with the full support of the state machinery, the Osores-led government acted against the organization of the working class
Working class
Working class is a term used in the social sciences and in ordinary conversation to describe those employed in lower tier jobs , often extending to those in unemployment or otherwise possessing below-average incomes...
in El Salvador in an attempt to repress it, albeit less intensely than in 1932.
At the time of Osorio, people began growing cotton on a large scale in the plains of the coast, especially in the east.
Another important fact is the Central American economic integration treaties signed in 1951.
Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio died in Methodist Hospital in Houston, Texas, USA, as a result of kidney failure complicated by pneumonia
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung—especially affecting the microscopic air sacs —associated with fever, chest symptoms, and a lack of air space on a chest X-ray. Pneumonia is typically caused by an infection but there are a number of other causes...
.
Ancestry Military Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio
- Promoted to Lieutenant on December 12, 1931
- Promoted to Lieutenant on June 15, 1934
- Promoted to Captain on October 15, 1937
- Promoted to Captain Staff on October 15, 1937
- Promoted to Lieutenant Colonel on September 9, 1950
Decorations Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio
- Decoration Chain of the Mexican Order of the Aguila AztecaOrder of the Aztec EagleThe Order of the Aztec Eagle is a Mexican order and is the highest decoration awarded to foreigners in the country.It was created by decree on December 29, 1933 by President Abelardo L. Rodríguez as a reward to services given to Mexico or humankind by foreigners...
, in July 1951. - Bernardo O'Higgins Decoration of Merit in the Grade of Grand Cross of the Republic of ChileOrder of Bernardo O'HigginsThe Order of Bernardo O'Higgins is the highest state award of Chile, presented to foreign citizens. This award was established in 1965 and named after one of the founders of the Chilean state general Bernardo O'Higgins who was the leader of the struggle for independence of the Spanish colonies in...
, in October 1951. - Decoration of the Order of Rubén Darío, who gave the Government of the Republic of Nicaragua in January 1952.
- Decoration of the Crux Special Order Vasco Núñez de Balboa, of the Government of Panama in September 1952.
- Decoration Order of Merit of Ecuador in the Grade of Grand Cross Special in May 1953.
- Decoration Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Grade of Grand Cross Special Class in December 1954.