Young Man Afraid Of His Horses
Encyclopedia
They-Fear-Even-His-Horses was born in 1836 to the Chief Old Man Afraid of His Horses (1800–1889). In 1866, he joined forces as a lieutenant under Red Cloud
Red Cloud
Red Cloud , was a war leader and the head Chief of the Oglala Lakota . His reign was from 1868 to 1909...
when the Dakota
Sioux
The Sioux are Native American and First Nations people in North America. The term can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or any of the nation's many language dialects...
resisted attempts by the United States government to build the Montana
Montana
Montana is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller, "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name,...
trail through the Sioux hunting grounds of Powder River
Powder River (Montana)
Powder River is a tributary of the Yellowstone River, approximately long in the southeastern Montana and northeastern Wyoming in the United States. It drains an area historically known as the Powder River Country on the high plains east of the Bighorn Mountains.It rises in three forks in eastern...
, resulting in a two year conflict known as Red Cloud's War
Red Cloud's War
Red Cloud's War was an armed conflict between the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho and the United States in the Wyoming Territory and the Montana Territory from 1866 to 1868. The war was fought over control of the Powder River Country in north central present day Wyoming...
. After the peace settlement in 1868, Young-Man-Afraid-Of-His-Horses retired to the Pine Ridge Agency in South Dakota
South Dakota
South Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux American Indian tribes. Once a part of Dakota Territory, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889. The state has an area of and an estimated population of just over...
serving as first president of the Pine Ridge Indian Council in 1883. He was the first grandson of the old Chief Smoke (1774–1864). Young Man Afraid was supposed to inherit the original line of leadership of the Oglala Lakota Sioux after his father Chief Old Man Afraid in 1889. But his uncle Red Cloud had too much power at the Fort Laramie Treaty
Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)
The Treaty of Fort Laramie was an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota, and Arapaho Nation signed in 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further...
of 1868.
A strong supporter of friendly relations with the Federal government, he attended several delegations to Washington, D.C. for improved treatment as well as an acting negotiator with federal authorities to assist the Sioux Nation in adjusting to reservation life before and after the Wounded Knee Massacre
Wounded Knee Massacre
The Wounded Knee Massacre happened on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota, USA. On the day before, a detachment of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment commanded by Major Samuel M...
before his death in 1900. He died on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation is an Oglala Sioux Native American reservation located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. Originally included within the territory of the Great Sioux Reservation, Pine Ridge was established in 1889 in the southwest corner of South Dakota on the Nebraska border...
in South Dakota. He is buried in the Makansan Presbyterian Cemetery near Oglala, South Dakota
Oglala, South Dakota
Oglala is a census-designated place in Shannon County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 1,290 at the 2010 census.-Geography:Oglala is located at ....
.
Further reading
- Hanson, James. Famous Indians of Northwest Nebraska. Chadron, Nebraska: Chadron Centennial, 1983.
- Humfreville, James Lee. Twenty Years Among Our Hostile Indians. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books, 2002. ISBN 0-8117-2814-5. Online PDF at cimmray.us