Wu Huawen
Encyclopedia
Wu Huawen was a military commander during the Second Sino-Japanese War
Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. From 1937 to 1941, China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany , the Soviet Union and the United States...

 and the Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...

. During his career, he switched his allegiance several times, first from the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...

 to the Wang Jingwei regime, a Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

ese puppet government, then back to the Kuomintang, and finally to the communist People's Liberation Army
People's Liberation Army
The People's Liberation Army is the unified military organization of all land, sea, strategic missile and air forces of the People's Republic of China. The PLA was established on August 1, 1927 — celebrated annually as "PLA Day" — as the military arm of the Communist Party of China...

.

In 1928, Wu Huawen became Head of Training Department, Luoyang Junior Military Officer School of the North-western Army. After that came appointments as Chief of Staff and commanding officer of the Reconnaissance Regiment in the 25th Division of the 2nd Army Group (1928–1930), Deputy Head of the Higher Training Corps of the 3rd Route Army (1930–1931), commanding officer of the pistol brigade, 3rd Route Army (1931–1938), commanding officer of the 28th Independent Brigade, 3rd Route Army (1938–1939), and general officer commanding the 4th New Division (1939–1943).

In 1943, a few years after the execution of his superior Han Fuju
Han Fuju
Han Fuju or Han Fu-chü was a Kuomintang general in the early 20th century. He rose up the ranks of the Guominjun clique in the Warlord era but then went over to the Kuomintang, and held the position of military governor of Shandong from 1930 to 1938...

 (in 1938), he defected to the Japanese, taking many of Han's troops with him. In the same year, he joined the Wang Jingwei regime, a puppet states under Japanese control. He served as Commander in Chief of the 3rd Front Army for Wang Jingwei's government until 1945, when he rejoined the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...

 government. From 1945 until 1948, he held several commands: general officer commanding the 5th New Route Army and general officer commanding the Southern Jin-Pu Railway Garrison (1945–1946), commanding officer of the 7th Column (1946), commanding officer 2nd Shandong Security Column (1946–1947), and general officer commanding the 84th Division (1947–1948).

In 1948, he was given command of the 96th Army and was tasked of defending the outer ring of fortifications in the Battle of Jinan
Battle of Jinan
The Battle of Jinan was a critical engagement fought between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China from during theChinese Civil War...

against the attack by the communist People's Liberation Army. Before the beginning of the battle, Wu Huawen defected to the communist side taking a large number of troops with him and hence delivering a decisive blow to the Kuomintang defense of the city. After his defection, he was given the post of general officer commanding the 35th Army in the People's Liberation Army, which also incorporated the troops he had taken with him.
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