World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft
Encyclopedia
The World War II Allied names for Japanese aircraft were reporting names, often described as codenames, given by Allied
personnel to Imperial Japanese
aircraft during the Pacific campaign
of World War II. The names were used by Allied personnel to identify Japanese aircraft for reporting and descriptive purposes. Generally, Western
men's names were given to fighter aircraft
and women's names to everything else, including bombers, transports
, and reconnaissance aircraft
.
The use of the names, from their origin in mid-1942, became widespread among Allied forces from early 1943 until the end of the war in 1945. Many subsequent western histories of the war have continued to use the names.
fighter was the "Navy Type 96 Carrier Fighter". Type 96 meant that the aircraft had entered service in Imperial year 2596, equivalent to Gregorian calendar
year 1936. But other aircraft which had entered service the same year carried the same type number; aircraft such as the Type 96 Carrier Bomber
and the Type 96 Land Attack Bomber
. Adding to the confusion, the US Army
and US Navy
each had their own different systems for identifying Japanese aircraft.
In mid-1942, Captain Frank T. McCoy, a United States Army Air Forces
military intelligence
officer from the 38th Bombardment Group
assigned to the Allied Technical Air Intelligence Unit
in Australia, set out to devise a simpler method for identifying Japanese aircraft. Together with Technical Sergeant Francis M. Williams and Corporal Joseph Grattan, McCoy divided the Japanese aircraft into two categories; fighters and everything else. He gave boys' names to the fighters, and the names of girls to the others. Later, training aircraft were named after trees, single engine reconnaissance aircraft were given men's names and multi-engine aircraft of the same type were given women's names. Transports were given girls' names that all began with the letter "T". Gliders were given the names of birds.
McCoy's system quickly caught on and spread to other US and Allied units throughout the Pacific theater. By the end of 1942, all American forces in the Pacific and east Asia had begun using McCoy's system, and British Commonwealth
nations adopted the system shortly thereafter. The list eventually included 122 names and was used until the end of World War II. To this day, many Western historical accounts of the Pacific War still use McCoy's system to identify Japanese aircraft.
In an effort to make the names sound somewhat comical, McCoy gave many of the aircraft 'hillbilly
' names, such as "Zeke" and "Rufe," that he had encountered while growing up in Tennessee
. Others were given names of people the creators of the system knew personally; the Mitsubishi G4M
bomber, with its large gun blisters was named "Betty" in homage to a busty female friend of Williams. The Aichi D3A
"Val" got its name from an Australian Army
sergeant.
Not all of McCoy's chosen names caught on. Many Allied personnel continued calling the Mitsubishi Navy Type 0 Carrier Fighter "Zero" instead of McCoy's name of "Zeke." Also, McCoy's name for an upgraded version of the Zero, "Hap," in tribute to US Army general Henry H. Arnold
, had to be changed to "Hamp" when it was learned that Arnold disapproved.
Allies of World War II
The Allies of World War II were the countries that opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War . Former Axis states contributing to the Allied victory are not considered Allied states...
personnel to Imperial Japanese
Empire of Japan
The Empire of Japan is the name of the state of Japan that existed from the Meiji Restoration on 3 January 1868 to the enactment of the post-World War II Constitution of...
aircraft during the Pacific campaign
Pacific War
The Pacific War, also sometimes called the Asia-Pacific War refers broadly to the parts of World War II that took place in the Pacific Ocean, its islands, and in East Asia, then called the Far East...
of World War II. The names were used by Allied personnel to identify Japanese aircraft for reporting and descriptive purposes. Generally, Western
Western world
The Western world, also known as the West and the Occident , is a term referring to the countries of Western Europe , the countries of the Americas, as well all countries of Northern and Central Europe, Australia and New Zealand...
men's names were given to fighter aircraft
Fighter aircraft
A fighter aircraft is a military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other aircraft, as opposed to a bomber, which is designed primarily to attack ground targets...
and women's names to everything else, including bombers, transports
Military transport aircraft
Military transport aircraft are typically fixed and rotary wing cargo aircraft which are used to deliver troops, weapons and other military equipment by a variety of methods to any area of military operations around the surface of the planet, usually outside of the commercial flight routes in...
, and reconnaissance aircraft
Surveillance aircraft
A surveillance aircraft is an aircraft used for surveillance — collecting information over time. They are operated by military forces and other government agencies in roles such as intelligence gathering, battlefield surveillance, airspace surveillance, observation , border patrol and fishery...
.
The use of the names, from their origin in mid-1942, became widespread among Allied forces from early 1943 until the end of the war in 1945. Many subsequent western histories of the war have continued to use the names.
History
During the first year of the Pacific War beginning on 7 December 1941, Allied personnel often struggled to quickly, succinctly, and accurately identify Japanese aircraft encountered in combat. They found the Japanese designation system bewildering and awkward, as it allocated two names to each aircraft. One was the manufacturer's alphanumeric project code, and the other was the official military designation, which consisted of a description of the aircraft plus the year it entered service. For example, the military designation of the Mitsubishi A5MMitsubishi A5M
The Mitsubishi A5M, Japanese Navy designation was "Type 96 carrier-based fighter" was a Japanese carrier-based fighter aircraft. It was the world's first monoplane shipboard fighter and the direct ancestor of the famous Mitsubishi A6M 'Zero'...
fighter was the "Navy Type 96 Carrier Fighter". Type 96 meant that the aircraft had entered service in Imperial year 2596, equivalent to Gregorian calendar
Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar, also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582, a papal bull known by its opening words Inter...
year 1936. But other aircraft which had entered service the same year carried the same type number; aircraft such as the Type 96 Carrier Bomber
Aichi D1A
|-See also:-External links:*...
and the Type 96 Land Attack Bomber
Mitsubishi G3M
The Mitsubishi G3M was a Japanese bomber used during World War II.-Design and development:...
. Adding to the confusion, the US Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
and US Navy
United States Navy
The United States Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The U.S. Navy is the largest in the world; its battle fleet tonnage is greater than that of the next 13 largest navies combined. The U.S...
each had their own different systems for identifying Japanese aircraft.
In mid-1942, Captain Frank T. McCoy, a United States Army Air Forces
United States Army Air Forces
The United States Army Air Forces was the military aviation arm of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II, and the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force....
military intelligence
Military intelligence
Military intelligence is a military discipline that exploits a number of information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to commanders in support of their decisions....
officer from the 38th Bombardment Group
38th Bombardment Group
The 38th Bombardment Group is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force. It was most recently assigned as the operational component of the 38th Bombardment Wing, stationed at Laon-Couvron Air Base, France, where it was inactivated on 8 December 1957.During World War II the 38th Bomb Group...
assigned to the Allied Technical Air Intelligence Unit
Allied Technical Air Intelligence Unit
The Allied Technical Air Intelligence Unit was a joint group of the United States Navy, United States Army Air Forces, Royal Australian Air Force, and Royal Navy formed in November 1942 to recover Japanese aircraft to obtain intelligence on their technical and tactical capabilities...
in Australia, set out to devise a simpler method for identifying Japanese aircraft. Together with Technical Sergeant Francis M. Williams and Corporal Joseph Grattan, McCoy divided the Japanese aircraft into two categories; fighters and everything else. He gave boys' names to the fighters, and the names of girls to the others. Later, training aircraft were named after trees, single engine reconnaissance aircraft were given men's names and multi-engine aircraft of the same type were given women's names. Transports were given girls' names that all began with the letter "T". Gliders were given the names of birds.
Commonwealth of Nations
The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and formerly known as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of fifty-four independent member states...
nations adopted the system shortly thereafter. The list eventually included 122 names and was used until the end of World War II. To this day, many Western historical accounts of the Pacific War still use McCoy's system to identify Japanese aircraft.
In an effort to make the names sound somewhat comical, McCoy gave many of the aircraft 'hillbilly
Hillbilly
Hillbilly is a term referring to certain people who dwell in rural, mountainous areas of the United States, primarily Appalachia but also the Ozarks. Owing to its strongly stereotypical connotations, the term is frequently considered derogatory, and so is usually offensive to those Americans of...
' names, such as "Zeke" and "Rufe," that he had encountered while growing up in Tennessee
Tennessee
Tennessee is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,346,105, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area...
. Others were given names of people the creators of the system knew personally; the Mitsubishi G4M
Mitsubishi G4M
The Mitsubishi G4M 一式陸上攻撃機, 一式陸攻 Isshiki rikujō kōgeki ki, Isshikirikkō was the main twin-engine, land-based bomber used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in World War II. The Allies gave the G4M the reporting name Betty...
bomber, with its large gun blisters was named "Betty" in homage to a busty female friend of Williams. The Aichi D3A
Aichi D3A
The , Allied reporting name "Val") was a World War II carrier-borne dive bomber of the Imperial Japanese Navy . It was the primary dive bomber in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and participated in almost all actions, including Pearl Harbor....
"Val" got its name from an Australian Army
Australian Army
The Australian Army is Australia's military land force. It is part of the Australian Defence Force along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. While the Chief of Defence commands the Australian Defence Force , the Army is commanded by the Chief of Army...
sergeant.
Not all of McCoy's chosen names caught on. Many Allied personnel continued calling the Mitsubishi Navy Type 0 Carrier Fighter "Zero" instead of McCoy's name of "Zeke." Also, McCoy's name for an upgraded version of the Zero, "Hap," in tribute to US Army general Henry H. Arnold
Henry H. Arnold
Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold was an American general officer holding the grades of General of the Army and later General of the Air Force. Arnold was an aviation pioneer, Chief of the Air Corps , Commanding General of the U.S...
, had to be changed to "Hamp" when it was learned that Arnold disapproved.
List of names
| Allied reporting name | Aircraft | Type designation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdul | Nakajima Ki-27 Nakajima Ki-27 The was the main fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force up until 1940. Its Allied nickname was "Nate", although it was called "Abdul" in the "China Burma India" theater by many post war sources; Allied Intelligence had reserved that name for the nonexistent Mitsubishi Navy... |
Army Type 97 Fighter | see "Nate" |
| Abdul | Mitsubishi | Navy Type 97 Fighter | Fictional type.Not an actual aircraft. The aircraft was either believed in service, never built, misidentified, or not in use as indicated (Dunnigan 1998, p. 16). |
| Adam | Nakajima SKT-97 | Navy Type 97 Seaplane Fighter | Fictional type. |
| Alf | Kawanishi E7K Kawanishi E7K -See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 . ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Type 94 Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Ann | Mitsubishi Ki-30 Mitsubishi Ki-30 |-See also:-External links:* *... |
Army Type 97 Light Bomber | |
| Babs | Mitsubishi C5M | Navy Type 98 Reconnaissance Plane | |
| Babs | Mitsubishi Ki-15 Mitsubishi Ki-15 The was a Japanese reconnaissance aircraft and a light attack bomber of the Second Sino-Japanese War and Pacific War. It began as a fast civilian mail plane. It was a single-engine, low-wing, cantilever monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage; it carried a crew of two. It served with both... |
Army Type 97 Command Reconnaissance Plane (see "Norma") | The Mitsubishi KI-15, C5M, and army light bomber version all appear to have been the same aircraft (Dunnigan 1998, p. 16–17). |
| Baka | Yokosuka MXY7 | Navy Suicide Attacker Ohka | |
| Belle | Kawanishi H3K Kawanishi H3K |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography... |
Navy Type 90-2 Flying Boat | |
| Bess | Heinkel He 111 Heinkel He 111 The Heinkel He 111 was a German aircraft designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter in the early 1930s in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Often described as a "Wolf in sheep's clothing", it masqueraded as a transport aircraft, but its purpose was to provide the Luftwaffe with a fast medium... |
Type 98 Medium Bomber | |
| Betty | Mitsubishi G4M Mitsubishi G4M The Mitsubishi G4M 一式陸上攻撃機, 一式陸攻 Isshiki rikujō kōgeki ki, Isshikirikkō was the main twin-engine, land-based bomber used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in World War II. The Allies gave the G4M the reporting name Betty... |
Navy Type 1 Land-based Attack Aircraft | |
| Bob | Nakajima E2N Nakajima E2N |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography-External links:... |
Navy Type 15 Reconnaissance Floatplane | "Aichi Type 97" |
| Cedar | Tachikawa Ki-17 Tachikawa Ki-17 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Army Type 95-3 Basic Grade Trainer | |
| Cherry | Yokosuka H5Y | Navy Type 99 Flying Boat | |
| Clara | Tachikawa Ki-70 Tachikawa Ki-70 -Bibliography:* Francillon, Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam, 1970. ISBN 0 370 00033 1.* Francillon, René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam Aeronautical, 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6. - External links :* *... |
||
| Claude | Mitsubishi A5M Mitsubishi A5M The Mitsubishi A5M, Japanese Navy designation was "Type 96 carrier-based fighter" was a Japanese carrier-based fighter aircraft. It was the world's first monoplane shipboard fighter and the direct ancestor of the famous Mitsubishi A6M 'Zero'... |
Navy Type 96 Carrier Based Fighter | |
| Clint | Nakajima Ki-27 Nakajima Ki-27 The was the main fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force up until 1940. Its Allied nickname was "Nate", although it was called "Abdul" in the "China Burma India" theater by many post war sources; Allied Intelligence had reserved that name for the nonexistent Mitsubishi Navy... |
Army Type 97 Fighter | |
| Cypress | Kokusai Ki-86 | Army Type 4 Primary Trainer | |
| Cypress | Kyushu K9W | Navy Type 2 Primary Trainer | |
| Dave | Nakajima E8N Nakajima E8N |-See also:-References:*Francillon, R.J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London:Putnam, 1970. ISBN 0 370 00033 1.... |
Navy Type 95 Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Dick | Seversky A8V | Navy Type S Two Seat Fighter | |
| Dinah | Mitsubishi Ki-46 Mitsubishi Ki-46 The Mitsubishi Ki-46 was a twin-engine reconnaissance aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II. Its Army Shiki designation was Type 100 Command Reconnaissance Aircraft ; the Allied nickname was "Dinah".... |
Army Type 100 Command Reconnaissance Aircraft | |
| Edna | Tachikawa Ki-71 | ||
| Emily | Kawanishi H8K Kawanishi H8K |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Bridgeman, Leonard. "The Kawanishi H8K2 “Emily”" Jane’s Fighting Aircraft of World War II. London: Studio, 1946. ISBN 1-85170-493-0.... |
Navy Type 2 Large Flying Boat | |
| Fran | Yokosuka P1Y Yokosuka P1Y |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam 7 Company Ltd., 1970. ISBN 0-370-00033-1 .... |
Navy Bomber/Navy Night Fighter | |
| Frances | Yokosuka P1Y Yokosuka P1Y |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam 7 Company Ltd., 1970. ISBN 0-370-00033-1 .... |
Navy Bomber/Navy Night Fighter | |
| Frank | Nakajima Ki-84 Nakajima Ki-84 The Nakajima Ki-84 was a single-seat fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II. The Allied reporting name was "Frank"; the Japanese Army designation was . Featuring excellent performance and high maneuverability, the Ki-84 was considered to be the best Japanese fighter... |
Army Type 4 Fighter | |
| Gander | Kokusai Ku-8 Kokusai Ku-8 -References:**... |
Army Type 4 Special Transport Glider | |
| George | Kawanishi N1K-J Kawanishi N1K-J The Kawanishi N1K Kyōfū was an Imperial Japanese Navy floatplane fighter. The Kawanishi N1K-J Shiden was an Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service land-based version of the N1K... |
Navy Interceptor Fighter | |
| Glen | Yokosuka E14Y Yokosuka E14Y |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Type 0 Small Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Goose | Kokusai Ku-8 Kokusai Ku-8 -References:**... |
Army Type 4 Special Transport Glider | |
| Grace | Aichi B7A | Navy Carrier Attack Bomber | |
| Gwen | Mitsubishi Ki-21-IIb Mitsubishi Ki-21 The was a Japanese bomber during World War II. It began operations during the Second Sino-Japanese War participating in the Nomonhan Incident, and in the first stages of the Pacific War, including the Malayan, Burmese, Dutch East Indies and New Guinea Campaigns... |
Army Type 0 Medium Bomber | |
| Hap | Mitsubishi A6M3 | Navy Type 0 Carrier Fighter Model 32 | |
| Hamp | Mitsubishi A6M3 | Navy Type 0 Carrier Fighter Model 32 | |
| Hank | Aichi E10A Aichi E10A |-See also:-References:*Francillon, R.J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London:Putnam, 1970. ISBN 0-370-00033-1.*Mikesh, Robert and Abe, Shorzoe. Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941. London:Putnam, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2.-External links:*... |
Navy Type 96 Night Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Harry | Mitsubishi TK-4 | Army Type 0 Single Seat Twin Engined Fighter | Fictional type. |
| Helen | Nakajima Ki-49 Nakajima Ki-49 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Bueschel, Richard M. Nakajima Ki-49 Donryu in Japanese Army Air Force Service. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2004. ISBN 0-76430-344-9.... |
Army Type 100 Heavy Bomber | |
| Hickory | Tachikawa Ki-54 Tachikawa Ki-54 -See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam Aeronautical, 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Army Type 1 Trainer | |
| Ida | Tachikawa Ki-36 Tachikawa Ki-36 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam Aeronautical, 1987. ISBN 0-85177-801-1.... |
Army Type 98 Direct Co-operation Plane | |
| Ida | Tachikawa Ki-55 Tachikawa Ki-55 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970... |
Army Type 99 Advanced Trainer | |
| Ione | Aichi AI-104 | Type 98 Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Irving | Nakajima J1N Nakajima J1N -See also:-Bibliography:* Francillon, Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 . ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Type 2 Land Reconnaissance Plane/Night Fighter | |
| Jack | Mitsubishi J2M Mitsubishi J2M The Mitsubishi J2M Raiden was a single-engined land-based fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in World War II. The Allied reporting name was "Jack".-Design and development:... |
Navy Interceptor Fighter | |
| Jake | Aichi E13A Aichi E13A -See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Dorr, Robert E. and Chris Bishop. Vietnam Air War Debrief. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1996. ISBN 1-874023-78-6.... |
Navy Type 0 Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Jane | Mitsubishi Ki-21 Mitsubishi Ki-21 The was a Japanese bomber during World War II. It began operations during the Second Sino-Japanese War participating in the Nomonhan Incident, and in the first stages of the Pacific War, including the Malayan, Burmese, Dutch East Indies and New Guinea Campaigns... |
Army Type 97 Heavy Bomber | |
| Jean | Yokosuka B4Y Yokosuka B4Y -References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 . ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Type 96 Carrier Attack Plane | |
| Jerry | Heinkel A7He Heinkel A7He The A7He Type He Air Defense Fighter was the Japanese designation for a variant of the German Heinkel He 112.In the late 1930s, with its military at war in China, Japan saw a need for aircraft with higher performance than then available. A number of foreign aircraft were imported and tested to... |
Navy Type He Interceptor Fighter | |
| Jill | Nakajima B6N Nakajima B6N The Nakajima B6N Tenzan was the Imperial Japanese Navy's standard carrier-borne torpedo bomber during the final years of World War II and the successor to the B5N "Kate"... |
Navy Carrier Attack Bomber | |
| Judy | Yokosuka D4Y Yokosuka D4Y The D4Y Navy Type 2 Carrier Dive bomber was operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy. Its Allied reporting name was "Judy". The D4Y was one of the fastest dive-bombers of the war, and only the delays in its development hindered its service, while its predecessor, the slower fixed gear Aichi D3A... |
Navy Type 2 Carrier Reconnaissance Plane | |
| Julia | Kawasaki | Type 97 Heavy Bomber | |
| Kate | Nakajima B5N Nakajima B5N |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Bridgwater, H.C. and Peter Scott. Combat Colours Number 4: Pearl Harbor and Beyond, December 1941 to May 1942. Luton, Bedfordshire, UK: Guideline Publications, 2001. ISBN 0-9539040-6-7.... |
Navy Type 97-1 Carrier Attack Bomber | |
| Laura | Aichi E11A Aichi E11A The Aichi E11A was an Imperial Japanese Navy flying boat used during the first year of World War II for maritime patrol duties. The Allied reporting name for the type was "Laura"; the Japanese Navy designation was "Type 98 Reconnaissance Seaplane". The Type 98 was quite similar to the earlier E10A... |
Navy Type 98 Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Lily | Kawasaki Ki-48 Kawasaki Ki-48 The Kawasaki Ki-48, 九九式双発軽爆撃機 'Sokei', Army Type 99 Twin-engined Light Bomber, was a Japanese twin-engine light bomber that was used during World War II. Its Allied reporting name was "Lily".-Development:... |
Army Type 99 Twin-engined Light Bomber | |
| Liz | Nakajima G5N Nakajima G5N |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Collier, Basil. Japanese Aircraft of World War II. New York: Mayflower Books, 1979. ISBN 0-8317-5137-1.... |
Navy Experimental 13-Shi Attack Bomber | |
| Lorna | Kyushu Q1W Kyushu Q1W -References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.-External links:*... |
Navy Patrol Plane | |
| Louise | Mitsubishi Ki-2-II | Army Type 93-2 Twin Engined Light Bomber | |
| Luke | Mitsubishi J4M Mitsubishi J4M |-See also:-Bibliography:* Francillon, René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1979. ISBN 0-87021-313-X.-External links:*... |
Navy Experimental 17-Shi Interceptor | |
| Mary | Kawasaki Ki-32 Kawasaki Ki-32 |-See also:-External links:*... |
Army Type 98 Single Engine Light Bomber | |
| Mabel | Mitsubishi B5M Mitsubishi B5M -See also:-Bibliography:*Francillon, René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam, 1970. ISBN 370 00033 1.*Francillon, René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Type 97-2 Carrier Attack Bomber | |
| Mavis | Kawanishi H6K Kawanishi H6K |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Doubilet, David. "The Flying Boat". Sport Diver Magazine. Volume 15, Number 8, September 2007.* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. Annapolis, Maryland, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1995.* Green, William. Warplanes of the Second... |
Navy Type 97 Large Flying Boat | |
| Millie | Vultee V-11 | Type 98 Showa Light Bomber | |
| Myrt | Nakajima C6N Nakajima C6N -See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970. ISBN 0-370-00033-1 .... |
Navy Carrier Reconnaissance Plane | |
| Nate | Nakajima Ki-27 Nakajima Ki-27 The was the main fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force up until 1940. Its Allied nickname was "Nate", although it was called "Abdul" in the "China Burma India" theater by many post war sources; Allied Intelligence had reserved that name for the nonexistent Mitsubishi Navy... |
Army Type 97 Fighter | |
| Nell | Mitsubishi G3M Mitsubishi G3M The Mitsubishi G3M was a Japanese bomber used during World War II.-Design and development:... |
Navy Type 96 Attack Bomber | |
| Nick | Kawasaki Ki-45 Kawasaki Ki-45 The Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu was a two-seat, twin-engine fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II. The army gave it the designation "Type 2 Two-Seat Fighter"; the Allied reporting name was "Nick".... |
Army Type 2 Two-seat Fighter | |
| Norm | Kawanishi E15K Kawanishi E15K |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, PhD., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970. .... |
Navy Type 2 High Speed Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Norma | Mitsubishi Ki-15 Mitsubishi Ki-15 The was a Japanese reconnaissance aircraft and a light attack bomber of the Second Sino-Japanese War and Pacific War. It began as a fast civilian mail plane. It was a single-engine, low-wing, cantilever monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage; it carried a crew of two. It served with both... |
Army Type 97 Light bomber | |
| Oak | Kyushu K10W Kyushu K10W -External links:... |
Navy Type 2 Intermediate Trainer | |
| Omar | Sukukaze 20 | Fictional type. | |
| Oscar | Nakajima Ki-43 Nakajima Ki-43 The Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa was a single-engine land-based tactical fighter used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II... |
Army Type 1 Fighter | |
| Pat | Tachikawa Ki-74 Tachikawa Ki-74 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam Aeronautical, 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6. -External links:* * * *... |
||
| Patsy | Tachikawa Ki-74 Tachikawa Ki-74 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam Aeronautical, 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6. -External links:* * * *... |
||
| Paul | Aichi E16A Aichi E16A |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Peggy | Mitsubishi Ki-67 Mitsubishi Ki-67 The Mitsubishi Ki-67 Hiryū was a twin-engine medium bomber produced by Mitsubishi and used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II. Its Army designation was "Type 4 Heavy Bomber" .-Design:The Ki-67 was the result of a 1941 Japanese army specification for a successor to the Nakajima... |
Army Type 4 Heavy Bomber | |
| Perry | Kawasaki Ki-10 Kawasaki Ki-10 |-See also:-External links:* *... |
Army Type 95 Fighter | |
| Pete | Mitsubishi F1M Mitsubishi F1M -See also:-Bibliography:* Francillon, R.J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London:Putnam, 1970. ISBN 370 00033 1.* Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War, Volume Six: Floatplanes. London: Macdonald & Co., Ltd., 1962.... |
Navy Type 0 Observation Seaplane | |
| Pine | Mitsubishi K3M Mitsubishi K3M -External links:*... |
Navy Type 90 Crew Training Aircraft | |
| Randy | Kawasaki Ki-102 Kawasaki Ki-102 -See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam and Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Army Type 4 Assault Aircraft | |
| Rex | Kawanishi N1K | Navy Fighter Seaplane | |
| Rita | Nakajima G8N Nakajima G8N |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Collier, Basil. Japanese Aircraft of World War II. New York: Mayflower Books, 1979. ISBN 0-8317-5137-1.... |
Navy Type 18 Land Based Attack Aircraft | |
| Rufe | Nakajima A6M2-N | Navy Type 2 Interceptor/Fighter-Bomber | |
| Ruth | Fiat BR.20 Fiat BR.20 The Fiat BR.20 Cicogna was a low-wing twin-engine medium bomber produced from mid-1930s until the end of World War II by the Turin firm. When it entered service in 1936 it was the first all-metal Italian bomber and it was regarded as one of the most modern medium bomber of the world... |
Army Type I Heavy Bomber | |
| Sally | Mitsubishi Ki-21 Mitsubishi Ki-21 The was a Japanese bomber during World War II. It began operations during the Second Sino-Japanese War participating in the Nomonhan Incident, and in the first stages of the Pacific War, including the Malayan, Burmese, Dutch East Indies and New Guinea Campaigns... |
Army Type 97 Heavy Bomber | |
| Sam | Mitsubishi A7M Mitsubishi A7M |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 . ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Navy Experimental Carrier Fighter | |
| Slim | Watanabe E9W Watanabe E9W |-See also:-Bibliography:... |
Navy Type 96 Small Reconnaissance Seaplane | |
| Sonia | Mitsubishi Ki-51 Mitsubishi Ki-51 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970. ISBN 0-370-00033-1 .-External links:* * *... |
Army Type 99 Assault Plane | |
| Spruce | Tachikawa Ki-9 Tachikawa Ki-9 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Army Type 95-1 Intermediate Trainer | |
| Stella | Kokusai Ki-76 Kokusai Ki-76 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Army Type 3 Command Liaison Plane | |
| Susie | Aichi D1A Aichi D1A |-See also:-External links:*... |
Navy Type 94/96 Carrier Bomber | |
| Tabby | Douglas DC-3 Douglas DC-3 The Douglas DC-3 is an American fixed-wing propeller-driven aircraft whose speed and range revolutionized air transport in the 1930s and 1940s. Its lasting impact on the airline industry and World War II makes it one of the most significant transport aircraft ever made... |
Navy Type D Transport | |
| Tabby | Showa L2D | Navy Type 0 Transport | |
| Tess | Douglas DC-2 Douglas DC-2 The Douglas DC-2 was a 14-seat, twin-engine airliner produced by the American company Douglas Aircraft Corporation starting in 1934. It competed with the Boeing 247... |
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| Thalia | Kawasaki Ki-56 Kawasaki Ki-56 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company, 1970 . ISBN 0-370-30251-6.... |
Army Type 1 Freight Transport | |
| Thelma | Lockheed Model 14 | Army Type LO Transport | |
| Theresa | Kokusai Ki-59 Kokusai Ki-59 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography... |
Army Type 1 Transport | |
| Thora | Nakajima Ki-34 | Army Type 97 Transport | |
| Tina | Yokosuka L3Y | Navy Type 96 Transport | |
| Tojo | Nakajima Ki-44 Nakajima Ki-44 The Nakajima Ki-44 Shōki was a single-engine fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force in World War II. The type first flew in August 1940 and entered service in 1942... |
Army Type 2 Single-seat Fighter | |
| Tony | Kawasaki Ki-61 Kawasaki Ki-61 The Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien was a Japanese World War II fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force... |
Army Type 3 Fighter | |
| Topsy | Mitsubishi Ki-57 Mitsubishi Ki-57 |-See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Francillon, Ph.D., René J. The Mitsubishi Ki-21 . Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1967.... |
Army Type 100 Transport | |
| Topsy | Mitsubishi L4M | Navy Type 0 Transport | |
| Val | Aichi D3A Aichi D3A The , Allied reporting name "Val") was a World War II carrier-borne dive bomber of the Imperial Japanese Navy . It was the primary dive bomber in the Imperial Japanese Navy, and participated in almost all actions, including Pearl Harbor.... |
Navy Type 99 Dive Bomber | |
| Willow | Yokosuka K5Y Yokosuka K5Y -See also:-References:NotesBibliography* Collier, Basil. Japanese Aircraft of World War II. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1979. ISBN 0-283-98399-X.... |
Navy Type 93 Intermediate Trainer | |
| Zeke | Mitsubishi A6M | Navy Type 0 Carrier Fighter | |
See also
- List of Japanese aircraft in use during the Second Sino-Japanese War
- List of aircraft of Japan, World War II
- 'Type' designation in Japan
- Japanese military aircraft designation systemsJapanese military aircraft designation systemsThe Japanese military aircraft designation systems for the Imperial period are rather difficult to keep track of, primarily because multiple designation systems were in use by each armed service...