Warbling Antbird
Encyclopedia
The warbling antbird is a complex
consisting of six species
of antbird
s that until recently were considered a single species found throughout the Amazon
in South America
. Based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumage
s, it has been recommended treating them as separate species:
Species complex
A species complex is a group of closely related species, where the exact demarcation between species is often unclear or cryptic owing to their recent and usually still incomplete reproductive isolation. Ring species, superspecies and cryptic species complex are example of species complex...
consisting of six species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
of antbird
Antbird
The antbirds are a large family, Thamnophilidae, of passerine birds found across subtropical and tropical Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina. There are more than 200 species, known variously as antshrikes, antwrens, antvireos, fire-eyes, bare-eyes and bushbirds...
s that until recently were considered a single species found throughout the Amazon
Amazon Rainforest
The Amazon Rainforest , also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon Basin of South America...
in South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
. Based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumage
Plumage
Plumage refers both to the layer of feathers that cover a bird and the pattern, colour, and arrangement of those feathers. The pattern and colours of plumage vary between species and subspecies and can also vary between different age classes, sexes, and season. Within species there can also be a...
s, it has been recommended treating them as separate species:
- Guianan Warbling AntbirdGuianan Warbling AntbirdThe Guianan Warbling Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. Until recently, it included the Imeri, Peruvian, Yellow-breasted, Rondonia and Spix's Warbling Antbird as subspecies, but based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumages it has been...
(Hypocnemis cantator). - Imeri Warbling AntbirdImeri Warbling AntbirdThe Imeri Warbling Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. Until recently, it was considered a subspecies of Hypocnemis cantator, but based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumages it has been recommended treating them as separate species...
(Hypocnemis flavescens). - Peruvian Warbling AntbirdPeruvian Warbling AntbirdThe Peruvian Warbling Antbird, Hypocnemis peruviana, is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. Until recently, it was considered a subspecies of Hypocnemis cantator, but based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumages it has been recommended treating them as...
(Hypocnemis peruviana). - Yellow-breasted Warbling AntbirdYellow-breasted Warbling AntbirdThe Yellow-breasted Warbling Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. Until recently, it was considered a subspecies of Hypocnemis cantator, but based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumages it has been recommended treating them as separate species...
(Hypocnemis subflava). - Rondonia Warbling AntbirdRondonia Warbling AntbirdThe Rondonia Warbling Antbird, Hypocnemis ochrogyna, is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. Until recently, it was considered a subspecies of Hypocnemis cantator, but based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumages it has been recommended treating them as...
(Hypocnemis ochrogyna). - Spix's Warbling AntbirdSpix's Warbling AntbirdSpix's Warbling Antbird, Hypocnemis striata, is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. Until recently, it was considered a subspecies of Hypocnemis cantator, but based on vocal differences and to a lesser degree differences in plumage, it has been recommended treating them as separate...
(Hypocnemis striata).