Victor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Encyclopedia
Victor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (Schaumburg
, 21 May 1744 – 2 May 1790), was a German prince of the House of Ascania from the Anhalt-Bernburg
branch through the sub-branch of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
and a Russian General under the service of Empress Catherine II the Great.
He was the sixth (but fifth surviving) son of Victor I Amadeus Adolph, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
, and the third-born by his second wife, Countess Hedwig Sophie Henckel of Donnersmarck.
On 10 July 1775 Victor Amadeus was appointed Major General
and four months later, on 26 November, he was awarded with the Order of Saint George IV Class for his remarkable services. On 28 June 1782 he was appointed Lieutenant General
.
Since the beginning of the Turkish campaign of Prince Potemkin, in 1788, Victor Amadeus entered in his army and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ochakov, where he was commander of the first two columns during the assault and put them on the walls of the fortress; for this, he was awarded on 16 December 1788 with the Order of Saint George II Class.
The following year, Victor Amadeus took an active part in the capture of the towns of Căuşeni
, Akkerman
and Bender
, and was rewarded for his distinction with the Orders of St. Alexander Nevsky
and St. Andrew
In 1790 the Prince joined to the army of Count Ivan Saltykov in Finland
, the theater of the Russo-Swedish War. This was his last military action: at the beginning of hostilities, Victor Amadeus sent a detachment to drive the enemy from Pardakoski and Kernikoski and, on 18 April, while the troops were attacking the Swedish, he was fatally wounded in his right leg, and was forced to leave the field battle, dying several days later.
The name of the Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym was closely linked with the famous Russian general Barclay de Tolly, who began active service under his direct command. Victor Amadeus was the first one who drew attention to the military talents of Barclay; when the Prince was dying, he gave to Barclay his sword, with which he never parted.
on 21 April 1778 Victor Amadeus married Magdalena Sophie (b. Braunfels
, 4 June 1742 - d. Homburg vor der Höhe, 21 January 1819), daughter of Frederick William, Prince of Solms-Braunfels. They had one son:
Schaumburg
Schaumburg is a district of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Nienburg, Hanover and Hamelin-Pyrmont, and the state of North Rhine-Westphalia .-History:...
, 21 May 1744 – 2 May 1790), was a German prince of the House of Ascania from the Anhalt-Bernburg
Anhalt-Bernburg
Anhalt-Bernburg was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire and a duchy of the German Confederation ruled by the House of Ascania with its residence at Bernburg in present-day Saxony-Anhalt...
branch through the sub-branch of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym was a German principality and member of the Holy Roman Empire. The death of Prince Victor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg in 1718, resulted in the partition of his land with his second son Lebrecht inheriting what was originally known as Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym.The name of the...
and a Russian General under the service of Empress Catherine II the Great.
He was the sixth (but fifth surviving) son of Victor I Amadeus Adolph, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Victor I, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Victor I Amadeus Adolph of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym , was a German prince of the House of Ascania from the Anhalt-Bernburg branch and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym.He was the eldest son of Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym, by his first wife Charlotte,...
, and the third-born by his second wife, Countess Hedwig Sophie Henckel of Donnersmarck.
Life
As the youngest of the sons of Prince Victor I, Victor Amadeus had little chances to inherit any of the family lands. He thus chose to follow a military career and entered in the Russian army in 1772.On 10 July 1775 Victor Amadeus was appointed Major General
Major General
Major general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
and four months later, on 26 November, he was awarded with the Order of Saint George IV Class for his remarkable services. On 28 June 1782 he was appointed Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
.
Since the beginning of the Turkish campaign of Prince Potemkin, in 1788, Victor Amadeus entered in his army and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ochakov, where he was commander of the first two columns during the assault and put them on the walls of the fortress; for this, he was awarded on 16 December 1788 with the Order of Saint George II Class.
The following year, Victor Amadeus took an active part in the capture of the towns of Căuşeni
Causeni
Căuşeni is a city and the administrative center of Căuşeni District, Moldova.Its population at the 2004 census was 17,757, of which 14,807 Moldovans/Romanians, 960 Ukrainians, 1,521 Russians, 82 Gagauzians, 273 Bulgarians, 6 Jews, 3 Poles, 8 Gypsies, and 97 other/undeclared.-History:The 17th...
, Akkerman
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi is a city situated on the right bank of the Dniester Liman in the Odessa Oblast of southwestern Ukraine, in the historical region of Bessarabia...
and Bender
Bender, Moldova
Bender or Bendery, also known as Tighina is a city within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova under de facto control of the unrecognized Transnistria Republic since 1992...
, and was rewarded for his distinction with the Orders of St. Alexander Nevsky
Order of St. Alexander Nevsky
The Imperial Order of St. Alexander Nevsky was an order of chivalry of the Russian Empire.-History:The introduction of the Imperial Order of St. Alexander Nevsky was planned by Emperor Peter I of Russia...
and St. Andrew
Order of St. Andrew
The Order of St. Andrew the First-Called is the first and the highest order of chivalry of the Russian Empire.- Russian Empire :The Order was established in 1698 by Tsar Peter the Great, in honour of Saint Andrew, the first apostle of Jesus and patron saint of Russia...
In 1790 the Prince joined to the army of Count Ivan Saltykov in Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, the theater of the Russo-Swedish War. This was his last military action: at the beginning of hostilities, Victor Amadeus sent a detachment to drive the enemy from Pardakoski and Kernikoski and, on 18 April, while the troops were attacking the Swedish, he was fatally wounded in his right leg, and was forced to leave the field battle, dying several days later.
The name of the Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym was closely linked with the famous Russian general Barclay de Tolly, who began active service under his direct command. Victor Amadeus was the first one who drew attention to the military talents of Barclay; when the Prince was dying, he gave to Barclay his sword, with which he never parted.
Marriage and issue
In SchaumburgSchaumburg
Schaumburg is a district of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Nienburg, Hanover and Hamelin-Pyrmont, and the state of North Rhine-Westphalia .-History:...
on 21 April 1778 Victor Amadeus married Magdalena Sophie (b. Braunfels
Braunfels
Braunfels is a town in the Lahn-Dill-Kreis in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Framework Road.- Location :The climatic spa of Braunfels lies at a height of some 100 m above the Lahn valley...
, 4 June 1742 - d. Homburg vor der Höhe, 21 January 1819), daughter of Frederick William, Prince of Solms-Braunfels. They had one son:
- Victor Amadeus (b. Homburg vor der Höhe, 19 June 1779 - d. Homburg vor der Höhe, 4 March 1783).