Upstream
Encyclopedia
In geography
, upstream literally means towards the source of a stream or river
, or against the normal direction of water flow.
Upstream is the opposite of downstream
. It may also refer to:
Geography
Geography is the science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth. A literal translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes...
, upstream literally means towards the source of a stream or river
Source (river or stream)
The source or headwaters of a river or stream is the place from which the water in the river or stream originates.-Definition:There is no universally agreed upon definition for determining a stream's source...
, or against the normal direction of water flow.
Upstream is the opposite of downstream
Downstream
-Science:* In geography, away from the source of a stream or river* In meteorology, away from the source of an air parcel or mass, along the normal direction of water or air flow* Downstream , in computer or telecommunications networks...
. It may also refer to:
Molecular biology
- Upstream and downstream (DNA)Upstream and downstream (DNA)In molecular biology and genetics, upstream and downstream both refer to a relative position in DNA or RNA. Each strand of DNA or RNA has a 5' end and a 3' end, so named for the carbons on the deoxyribose ring. Relative to the position on the strand, downstream is the region towards the 3' end of...
, determining relative positions on DNA - Upstream and downstream (transduction)Upstream and downstream (transduction)In molecular biology, the terms upstream and downstream can refer to the temporal and mechanistic order of cellular and molecular events. For example, in signal transduction, the second messenger acts downstream to activation of cell membrane receptors. The other way around, activation of cell...
, determining temporal and mechanistic order of cellular and molecular events of signal transduction - Upstream (bioprocess)Upstream (bioprocess)The upstream part of a bioprocess refers to the first step in which biomolecules are grown, usually by bacterial or mammalian cell lines , in bioreactors. When they reach the desired density they are harvested and moved to the downstream section of the bioprocess....
- Upstream (petroleum industry)
Media
- Upstream (film)Upstream (film)Upstream is a comedy film directed by John Ford. A "backstage drama", the movie is about a Shakespearean actor and a woman from a knife-throwing act. The film was considered to be a lost film, but in 2009 it was discovered in the New Zealand Film Archive.It is considered the first Ford film to...
, a 1927 film directed by John Ford - Upstream (newspaper)Upstream (newspaper)Upstream is an independent oil and gas industry's upstream sector weekly newspaper and a daily internet news site. The newspaper is owned by NHST Media Group. It is headquartered in Oslo, Norway. The newspaper covers the upstream sector of the global oil and gas industry with full time staff...
, a weekly, independent trade newspaper covering the global oil and gas industry
Computer science
- Upstream (networking)Upstream (networking)In computer networking, upstream refers to the direction in which data can be transferred from the client to the server . This differs greatly from downstream not only in theory and usage, but also in that upstream speeds are usually at a premium...
- Upstream (software development)
- Upstream serverUpstream serverIn computer networking, upstream server refers to a server that provides service to another server. In other words, upstream server is a server that is located higher in the hierarchy of servers. The highest server in the hierarchy is sometimes called the origin server...