United Nations Security Council Resolution 1369
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
1369, adopted unanimously on September 14, 2001, after reaffirming resolutions 1298
(1999), 1308
(2000), 1312
(2000), 1320
(2000) and 1344
(2001) on the situation between Eritrea
and Ethiopia
, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
(UNMEE) until March 15, 2002.
, humanitarian law
, human rights
and refugee
law and to ensure the safety and security of international humanitarian personnel. It reaffirmed its support for the Comprehensive Peace Agreement
signed between the governments of both countries and welcomed the implementation of the agreements through the establishment of a Temporary Security Zone (TSZ) and constitution of the Boundary and Claims Commissions.
, the parties were called upon to co-operate fully with the UNMEE mission. The Council stressed that UNMEE's termination was linked to the completion of the work of the Boundary Commission regarding the demarcation of the Ethiopia-Eritrea border, and emphasised that the TSZ had to be completely demilitarised
. The parties were called upon to implement the following measures:
allow freedom of movement
for UNMEE so it could monitor the area 15km north and south of the TSZ; facilitate the establishment of an air corridor
between the capitals of Addis Ababa
and Asmara
; Eritrea had to provide information on police and militia
inside the TSZ; Ethiopia had to provide information on minefields
; Eritrea had to conclude a Status of Forces Agreement
; release and return prisoners of war
; fulfill financial responsibilities regarding the Boundary Commission.
The parties were also asked to consider confidence-building measures, including affording humane treatment to each other's nationals, exercising restraint in public statements and assisting in contacts between organisations of both countries. The international community
was called upon to support the peace process through voluntary contributions, assistance in reconstruction and development, the reintegration of demobilised
soldiers and discouraging arms flows to the region.
Finally, both Ethiopia and Eritrea were urged to ensure efforts were targeted on reconstruction and development of their respective economies rather than on weapons procurement. The Council would continue to monitor the implementation of the Algiers Agreements and current Security Council resolution before the mandate of UNMEE would be renewed.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
1369, adopted unanimously on September 14, 2001, after reaffirming resolutions 1298
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1298
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1298, adopted unanimously on May 17, 2000, after reaffirming resolutions 1177 , 1226 , 1227 and 1297 on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, the Council condemned continuing hostilities and imposed an arms embargo on both countries.The Security...
(1999), 1308
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1308
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1308, adopted unanimously on July 17, 2000, in the first resolution to address the impact of HIV/AIDS worldwide, the Council asked countries to consider voluntary HIV/AIDS testing and counselling for troops deployed in peacekeeping operations.Speaking...
(2000), 1312
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1312
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1312, adopted unanimously on July 31, 2000, after reaffirming resolutions 1298 on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, and 1308 , the Council established the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea in anticipation of a peacekeeping...
(2000), 1320
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1320
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1320, adopted unanimously on September 15, 2000, after reaffirming resolutions 1298 , 1308 and 1312 on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, and 1308 , the Council deployed a military component as part of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and...
(2000) and 1344
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1344
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1344, adopted unanimously on March 15, 2001, after reaffirming resolutions 1298 , 1308 , 1312 and 1320 on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, and 1308 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea until...
(2001) on the situation between Eritrea
Eritrea
Eritrea , officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa. Eritrea derives it's name from the Greek word Erethria, meaning 'red land'. The capital is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast...
and Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
The United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea was established by the United Nations Security Council in July 2000 to monitor a ceasefire in the border war that began in 1998 between Ethiopia and Eritrea....
(UNMEE) until March 15, 2002.
Observations
The Security Council reaffirmed the need for both Eritrea and Ethiopia to respect international lawInternational law
Public international law concerns the structure and conduct of sovereign states; analogous entities, such as the Holy See; and intergovernmental organizations. To a lesser degree, international law also may affect multinational corporations and individuals, an impact increasingly evolving beyond...
, humanitarian law
International humanitarian law
International humanitarian law , often referred to as the laws of war, the laws and customs of war or the law of armed conflict, is the legal corpus that comprises "the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Conventions, as well as subsequent treaties, case law, and customary international law." It...
, human rights
Human rights
Human rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...
and refugee
Refugee
A refugee is a person who outside her country of origin or habitual residence because she has suffered persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or because she is a member of a persecuted 'social group'. Such a person may be referred to as an 'asylum seeker' until...
law and to ensure the safety and security of international humanitarian personnel. It reaffirmed its support for the Comprehensive Peace Agreement
Algiers Agreement (2000)
The Algiers Agreement was an agreement between the governments of Eritrea and Ethiopia signed on December 12, 2000, at Algiers, Algeria to end the Eritrean-Ethiopian War, a border war fought by the two countries from 1998 to 2000...
signed between the governments of both countries and welcomed the implementation of the agreements through the establishment of a Temporary Security Zone (TSZ) and constitution of the Boundary and Claims Commissions.
Acts
Extending UNMEE's mandateMandate (international law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organization like the United Nations to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organization....
, the parties were called upon to co-operate fully with the UNMEE mission. The Council stressed that UNMEE's termination was linked to the completion of the work of the Boundary Commission regarding the demarcation of the Ethiopia-Eritrea border, and emphasised that the TSZ had to be completely demilitarised
Demilitarisation
Demilitarisation or demilitarization is the reduction of a nation's army, weapons, or military vehicles to an agreed minimum. Demilitarisation is usually the result of a peace treaty ending a war or a major conflict....
. The parties were called upon to implement the following measures:
allow freedom of movement
Freedom of movement
Freedom of movement, mobility rights or the right to travel is a human right concept that the constitutions of numerous states respect...
for UNMEE so it could monitor the area 15km north and south of the TSZ; facilitate the establishment of an air corridor
Air corridor
An air corridor is a designated region of airspace that an aircraft must remain in during its transit through a given region. Air corridors are typically imposed by military or diplomatic requirements...
between the capitals of Addis Ababa
Addis Ababa
Addis Ababa is the capital city of Ethiopia...
and Asmara
Asmara
Asmara is the capital city and largest settlement in Eritrea, home to a population of around 579,000 people...
; Eritrea had to provide information on police and militia
Militia
The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. It is a polyseme with...
inside the TSZ; Ethiopia had to provide information on minefields
Land mine
A land mine is usually a weight-triggered explosive device which is intended to damage a target—either human or inanimate—by means of a blast and/or fragment impact....
; Eritrea had to conclude a Status of Forces Agreement
Status of Forces Agreement
A status of forces agreement is an agreement between a host country and a foreign nation stationing forces in that country. SOFAs are often included, along with other types of military agreements, as part of a comprehensive security arrangement...
; release and return prisoners of war
Prisoner of war
A prisoner of war or enemy prisoner of war is a person, whether civilian or combatant, who is held in custody by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict...
; fulfill financial responsibilities regarding the Boundary Commission.
The parties were also asked to consider confidence-building measures, including affording humane treatment to each other's nationals, exercising restraint in public statements and assisting in contacts between organisations of both countries. The international community
International community
The international community is a term used in international relations to refer to all peoples, cultures and governments of the world or to a group of them. The term is used to imply the existence of common duties and obligations between them...
was called upon to support the peace process through voluntary contributions, assistance in reconstruction and development, the reintegration of demobilised
Demobilization
Demobilization is the process of standing down a nation's armed forces from combat-ready status. This may be as a result of victory in war, or because a crisis has been peacefully resolved and military force will not be necessary...
soldiers and discouraging arms flows to the region.
Finally, both Ethiopia and Eritrea were urged to ensure efforts were targeted on reconstruction and development of their respective economies rather than on weapons procurement. The Council would continue to monitor the implementation of the Algiers Agreements and current Security Council resolution before the mandate of UNMEE would be renewed.
See also
- Algiers Agreement (2000)Algiers Agreement (2000)The Algiers Agreement was an agreement between the governments of Eritrea and Ethiopia signed on December 12, 2000, at Algiers, Algeria to end the Eritrean-Ethiopian War, a border war fought by the two countries from 1998 to 2000...
- Eritrean–Ethiopian War
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1301 to 1400 (2000 – 2002)