Trygve Bratteli
Encyclopedia
was a Norwegian
politician
from the Labour Party
and Prime Minister of Norway in 1971–1972 and 1973–1976.
, where he attended primary school. He was unemployed for some time, worked as a messenger, a whaler, and construction worker. Named as secretary of the Labour Party's crisis committee during the Nazi invasion of Norway
, he was arrested by the Germans
in 1942, was a Nacht und Nebel
prisoner of various German concentration camps from 1943 to 1945 but survived. He was liberated from Vaihingen an der Enz concentration camp
on 5 April 1945 by the White Buses
along with 15 other Norwegians who had survived.
, vice chairman of the party, served on the newly formed defense commission, and in 1965 he was made chairman of the Labour Party. He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oslo in 1950, and was re-elected on seven occasions.
He was appointed Minister of Finance
in Oscar Torp
's cabinet, and from 1956 to 1960 in the third cabinet of Einar Gerhardsen
. From 1960 to 1963, still during Gerhardsen's third period as Prime Minister, he was Minister of Transport and Communications
. He was also acting Minister of Finance from January to February 1962. In September 1963, when Gerhardsen's fourth cabinet was formed, Bratteli was again made Minister of Transport and Communications, a post he held until 1964.
The centre-right cabinet of Borten held office from 1965 to 1971, but when it fell, Bratteli became Prime Minister
. Central to his political career was the question of Norway's membership of the European Community. Following the close rejection of membership in the 1972 referendum
, his cabinet resigned. However, the successor cabinet Korvald only lasted one year, and the second cabinet Bratteli
was formed following the Norwegian parliamentary election, 1973
. It was succeeded by another Labour cabinet Nordli in 1976.
Trygve Bratteli wrote a number of autobiographical and political books. His memoirs about his time in German concentration camps - Prisoner in Night and Fog - became a bestseller in Norway.
Trygve Bratteli was married to Randi Bratteli
. Their children are Ola Bratteli
, professor
of mathematics
, and Marianne Bratteli, an artist
.
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
politician
Politics
Politics is a process by which groups of people make collective decisions. The term is generally applied to the art or science of running governmental or state affairs, including behavior within civil governments, but also applies to institutions, fields, and special interest groups such as the...
from the Labour Party
Norwegian Labour Party
The Labour Party is a social-democratic political party in Norway. It is the senior partner in the current Norwegian government as part of the Red-Green Coalition, and its leader, Jens Stoltenberg, is the current Prime Minister of Norway....
and Prime Minister of Norway in 1971–1972 and 1973–1976.
Early life and career
Bratteli was born in NøtterøyNøtterøy
Nøtterøy is a municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Borgheim.The parish of Nøtterø was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838...
, where he attended primary school. He was unemployed for some time, worked as a messenger, a whaler, and construction worker. Named as secretary of the Labour Party's crisis committee during the Nazi invasion of Norway
Operation Weserübung
Operation Weserübung was the code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War and the opening operation of the Norwegian Campaign...
, he was arrested by the Germans
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
in 1942, was a Nacht und Nebel
Nacht und Nebel
Nacht und Nebel was a directive of Adolf Hitler on 7 December 1941 signed and implemented by Armed Forces High Command Chief Wilhelm Keitel, resulting in the kidnapping and forced disappearance of many political activists and resistance 'helpers' throughout Nazi Germany's occupied...
prisoner of various German concentration camps from 1943 to 1945 but survived. He was liberated from Vaihingen an der Enz concentration camp
Vaihingen an der Enz concentration camp
Vaihingen an der Enz concentration camp, near the city of Vaihingen an der Enz in the Neckar region of Germany, was a slave labor camp for armament manufacturing built by the Todt organization, and then became an extermination camp.The camp was built in late 1943 - early 1944 as part of a secret...
on 5 April 1945 by the White Buses
White Buses
"White Buses" refers to a program undertaken by the Swedish Red Cross and the Danish government in the spring of 1945 to rescue concentration camp inmates in areas under Nazi control and transport them to Sweden, a neutral country...
along with 15 other Norwegians who had survived.
Political career
After returning to Norway in 1945, he became chairman of the Workers' Youth LeagueWorkers' Youth League (Norway)
The Workers' Youth League is Norways biggest political youth organization, and is affiliated with the Norwegian Labour Party.AUF took its current form in April 1927, following the merger of Left Communist Youth League and Socialist Youth League of Norway corresponding with the merger of its...
, vice chairman of the party, served on the newly formed defense commission, and in 1965 he was made chairman of the Labour Party. He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oslo in 1950, and was re-elected on seven occasions.
He was appointed Minister of Finance
Minister of Finance (Norway)
- 1st Ministry :- 5th Ministry :- Ministry of Finance, Trade and Customs :- Ministry of Finance and Customs :- Ministry of Finance :...
in Oscar Torp
Oscar Torp
was a Norwegian politician for the Norwegian Labour Party. He was party leader from 1923 to 1945, and mayor of Oslo in 1935 and 1936. In 1935 he became acting Minister of Defence in the government of Johan Nygaardsvold. He was also Minister of Social Affairs from 1936 to 1939, and then Minister of...
's cabinet, and from 1956 to 1960 in the third cabinet of Einar Gerhardsen
Einar Gerhardsen
was a Norwegian politician from the Labour Party of Norway. He was Prime Minister for three periods, 1945–1951, 1955–1963 and 1963–1965. With 17 years in office, he is the longest serving Prime Minister in Norway since the introduction of parliamentarism...
. From 1960 to 1963, still during Gerhardsen's third period as Prime Minister, he was Minister of Transport and Communications
Minister of Transport and Communications (Norway)
The Minister of Transport and Communications is a Councillor of State and Chief of the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications. Since 20 October 2009, the position has been held by Magnhild Meltveit Kleppa of the Centre Party...
. He was also acting Minister of Finance from January to February 1962. In September 1963, when Gerhardsen's fourth cabinet was formed, Bratteli was again made Minister of Transport and Communications, a post he held until 1964.
The centre-right cabinet of Borten held office from 1965 to 1971, but when it fell, Bratteli became Prime Minister
Prime Minister of Norway
The Prime Minister of Norway is the political leader of Norway and the Head of His Majesty's Government. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Sovereign, to Stortinget , to their political party, and ultimately the...
. Central to his political career was the question of Norway's membership of the European Community. Following the close rejection of membership in the 1972 referendum
Norwegian EC referendum, 1972
A referendum on whether Norway should join the European Community was held on 25 September 1972. After a long period of heated debate, the "No" side won with 53.5 per cent of the vote. Prime Minister Trygve Bratteli resigned as a result of the defeat...
, his cabinet resigned. However, the successor cabinet Korvald only lasted one year, and the second cabinet Bratteli
Second cabinet Bratteli
Bratteli's Second Cabinet governed Norway between 16 October 1973 and 15 January 1976. The Labour Party cabinet was led by Trygve Bratteli. It had the following composition:-Cabinet members:-State Secretaries:-References:* - Regjeringen.no...
was formed following the Norwegian parliamentary election, 1973
Norwegian parliamentary election, 1973
-Results:¹A coalition of the Socialist People's Party , the Communist Party of Norway , and anti-European Economic Community individuals from the Labour Party. The coalition evolved into the Socialist Left Party in 1975....
. It was succeeded by another Labour cabinet Nordli in 1976.
Trygve Bratteli wrote a number of autobiographical and political books. His memoirs about his time in German concentration camps - Prisoner in Night and Fog - became a bestseller in Norway.
Trygve Bratteli was married to Randi Bratteli
Randi Bratteli
Randi Bratteli was a Norwegian journalist.She was born in Hamar as the daughter of Olav Larssen. She married Trygve Bratteli, who served as Prime Minister of Norway from 1971 to 1972 and 1973 to 1976. She published several books.-References:...
. Their children are Ola Bratteli
Ola Bratteli
Ola Bratteli is a Norwegian mathematician.He is a son of Trygve and Randi Bratteli. He took the dr.philos. degree in 1974, and was appointed professor at the University of Trondheim in 1980, and at the University of Oslo in 1991. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and...
, professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
of mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
, and Marianne Bratteli, an artist
Artist
An artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only...
.