Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) is a personality test

Personality test

-Overview:There are many different types of personality tests. The most common type, the self-report inventory, involves the administration of many questions, or "items", to test-takers who respond by rating the degree to which each item reflects their behavior...

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It was devised by C. Robert Cloninger

C. Robert Cloninger

Claude Robert Cloninger, M.D. is a psychiatrist and geneticist noted for his pioneering research on the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual foundation of both mental health and mental illness. He is Wallace Renard Professor of Psychiatry, Professor of Psychology and of Genetics, and...

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A newer version of the questionnaire is called Temperament and Character Inventory

Temperament and Character Inventory

Temperament and Character Inventory is an inventory for personality traits devised by Cloninger et al.It is closely related to and an outgrowth of Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire ,...

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As the name indicates TPQ seeks to measure three dimensions (traits) of the personality.
These personality traits are novelty seeking

Novelty seeking

In psychology, novelty seeking is a personality trait.It is measured in the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire as well as the later version Temperament and Character Inventory.NS has been suggested to be related to low dopaminergic activity....

, harm avoidance

Harm avoidance

In psychology, harm avoidance is a personality trait characterized by excessive worrying; pessimism; shyness; and being fearful, doubtful, and easily fatigued...

 and reward dependence

Reward dependence

In psychology, Reward Dependence is a moderately heritable personality trait which is stable throughout life. It is an inherited neurophysiological mechanism that drives our perception of the environment and society...

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Each have four subscales.
There are 100 true-false questions which form the basis for the computation of the traits.

The personality test also exists in Chinese,
French
and German
versions

Neurobiology

Temperament	Neurotransmitter system
Novelty seeking Novelty seeking In psychology, novelty seeking is a personality trait.It is measured in the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire as well as the later version Temperament and Character Inventory.NS has been suggested to be related to low dopaminergic activity....	Low dopaminergic Dopamine Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter present in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the brain, this substituted phenethylamine functions as a neurotransmitter, activating the five known types of dopamine receptors—D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5—and their...  activity
Harm avoidance Harm avoidance In psychology, harm avoidance is a personality trait characterized by excessive worrying; pessimism; shyness; and being fearful, doubtful, and easily fatigued...	High serotonergic Serotonin Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine is a monoamine neurotransmitter. Biochemically derived from tryptophan, serotonin is primarily found in the gastrointestinal tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system of animals including humans...  activity
Reward dependence Reward dependence In psychology, Reward Dependence is a moderately heritable personality trait which is stable throughout life. It is an inherited neurophysiological mechanism that drives our perception of the environment and society...	Low noradrenergic activity

Cloninger suggested that the three dimensions, novel seeking, harm avoidance and reward dependence, was correlated with low basal dopaminergic

Dopamine

Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter present in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the brain, this substituted phenethylamine functions as a neurotransmitter, activating the five known types of dopamine receptors—D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5—and their...

 activity,
high serotonergic

Serotonin

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine is a monoamine neurotransmitter. Biochemically derived from tryptophan, serotonin is primarily found in the gastrointestinal tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system of animals including humans...

 activity, and low basal noradrenergic activity, respectively.
Much research has gone into examining these links, e.g., with personality genetics.