Tributyltin oxide
Encyclopedia
Tributyltin oxide or bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide, is an organotin
compound chiefly used as a biocide
(fungicide
and molluscicide
), especially a wood preservative. Its chemical formula is C24H54OSn2. It has the form of a thin, colorless to pale yellow liquid with melting point -45 °C, boiling point 180 °C, and slight water solubility (20 ppm). It is combustible and soluble in organic solvents.
It is available under names AW 75-D, Bio-Met TBTO, Biomet, Biomet 75, BTO, Butinox, C-SN-9, Hexabutyldistannoxane, Hexabutylditin, and others.
Tributyltin oxide is a potent skin irritant.
Tributyltin compounds had been used as marine anti-biofouling
agents. Concerns over toxicity of these compounds (some reports describe biological effects to marine life at a concentration of 1 nanogram per liter) have led to a worldwide ban by the International Maritime Organization
. It is now considered a severe marine pollutant
.
Organotin
Organotin compounds or stannanes are chemical compounds based on tin with hydrocarbon substituents. Organotin chemistry is part of the wider field of organometallic chemistry. The first organotin compound was diethyltin diiodide, discovered by Edward Frankland in 1849...
compound chiefly used as a biocide
Biocide
A biocide is a chemical substance or microorganism which can deter, render harmless, or exert a controlling effect on any harmful organism by chemical or biological means. Biocides are commonly used in medicine, agriculture, forestry, and industry...
(fungicide
Fungicide
Fungicides are chemical compounds or biological organisms used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal spores. Fungi can cause serious damage in agriculture, resulting in critical losses of yield, quality and profit. Fungicides are used both in agriculture and to fight fungal infections in animals...
and molluscicide
Molluscicide
Molluscicides, also known as snail baits and snail pellets, are pesticides against molluscs, which are usually used in agriculture or gardening to control gastropod pests like slugs and snails that can damage crops by feeding on them....
), especially a wood preservative. Its chemical formula is C24H54OSn2. It has the form of a thin, colorless to pale yellow liquid with melting point -45 °C, boiling point 180 °C, and slight water solubility (20 ppm). It is combustible and soluble in organic solvents.
It is available under names AW 75-D, Bio-Met TBTO, Biomet, Biomet 75, BTO, Butinox, C-SN-9, Hexabutyldistannoxane, Hexabutylditin, and others.
Tributyltin oxide is a potent skin irritant.
Tributyltin compounds had been used as marine anti-biofouling
Biofouling
Biofouling or biological fouling is the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms, plants, algae, or animals on wetted structures.-Impact:...
agents. Concerns over toxicity of these compounds (some reports describe biological effects to marine life at a concentration of 1 nanogram per liter) have led to a worldwide ban by the International Maritime Organization
International Maritime Organization
The International Maritime Organization , formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization , was established in Geneva in 1948, and came into force ten years later, meeting for the first time in 1959...
. It is now considered a severe marine pollutant
Pollutant
A pollutant is a waste material that pollutes air, water or soil, and is the cause of pollution.Three factors determine the severity of a pollutant: its chemical nature, its concentration and its persistence. Some pollutants are biodegradable and therefore will not persist in the environment in the...
.