Tribal allotments of Israel
Encyclopedia
Book of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
, Joshua divided the newly conquered land of Canaan
Canaan
Canaan is a historical region roughly corresponding to modern-day Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, and the western parts of Jordan...
into parcels, and assigned them to the Tribes of Israel by lot. The Book of Joshua describes the parcels by giving landmarks along the borders, or in some cases by listing the included cities. If the landmarks listed in Joshua can be identified with modern sites, the borders can be placed on a map.
A general principle, articulated by the archaeologist Yohanan Aharoni
Yohanan Aharoni
Yohanan Aharoni , was an Israeli archaeologist and historical geographer, chairman of the Department of Near East Studies and chairman of the Institute of Archeology at Tel-Aviv University.-Life:...
, is that each town had a surrounding territory of villages and land that were dependent on it, and the tribal borders ran along the borders of these territories, rather than through the towns themselves. It may be possible to determine the borders of town territories by looking at archaeological field survey
Archaeological field survey
Archaeological field survey is the method by which archaeologists search for archaeological sites and collect information about the location, distribution and organization of past human cultures across a large area...
s.
The division of Canaan into tribal territories is supposedly set at the time of Joshua's conquest. But by the Bible's account, and archaeologically as well, the Israelites did not conquer the plains at that time; thus, those borders that run through the plains are nominal; they partition land that Israel did not possess.
Galilee tribes
- Tribe of NaphtaliTribe of NaphtaliThe Tribe of Naphtali was one of the Tribes of Israel.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes...
: JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
19:32-39. - Tribe of IssacharTribe of IssacharAccording to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Issachar was one of the Tribes of Israel.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes...
: JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
19:17-23. - Tribe of ZebulunTribe of ZebulunAccording to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Zebulun was one of the Tribes of Israel....
: JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
19:10-16. - Tribe of AsherTribe of AsherAccording to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Asher! was one of the Tribes of Israel.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes...
: JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
19:24-31.
Eastern tribes
- Tribe of ReubenTribe of ReubenAccording to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Reuben was one of the Tribes of Israel.From after the conquest of the land by Joshua until the formation of the first Kingdom of Israel in c. 1050 BC, the Tribe of Reuben was a part of a loose confederation of Israelite tribes. No central government...
: JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
13:15-23 - Tribe of GadTribe of GadAccording to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Gad was one of the Tribes of Israel.From after the conquest of the land by Joshua until the formation of the first Kingdom of Israel in c. 1050 BC, the Tribe of Gad was a part of a loose confederation of Israelite tribes. No central government existed,...
: JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
13:24-28 - Tribe of ManassehTribe of ManassehAccording to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Manasseh was one of the Tribes of Israel. Together with the Tribe of Ephraim, Manasseh also formed the House of Joseph....
(eastern half, the children of Machir): JoshuaBook of JoshuaThe Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
13:29-31
Manasseh-Ephraim border
JoshuaBook of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
16:1-10 17:7-10
- Kanah river: Wadi Qanah
- Tappuah: Tell Sheikh Abu Zarad
- Michmethath over against Shechem
- Taanath-shiloh: Khirbet Ta'na el-Foqa
- Janoah: Khirbet Yanun
- AtarothAtarothAtaroth means "crowns" in Hebrew.The Mesha Stele from about 840 BC was erected commemorating Mesha's victory over the "son" of Omri, but he fails to say which one. He states that he massacred all the Israelites at Ataroth as satisfaction for the blood lust of Chemosh and Moab...
- NaarathNaarathNaarath is a place named in Joshua 16:7 as one of the landmarks on the southern boundary of the Tribe of Ephraim and Benjamin. It appears to have been situated between Ataroth and Jericho. During the 4th-century, Eusebius and Jerome speak of "Naorath", as a "small village of Jews fives miles from...
Ephraim-Dan border
- Beth-horonBeth-horonBethoron was the name for two adjacent towns, Bethoron Elyon , and Bethoron Tahton , named for the Egypto-Canaanite deity Horon mentioned in Ugaritic literature and other texts...
, upper and lower (Ephraim list only): Beit Ur al-FauqaBeit Ur al-FauqaBeit Ur al-Fauqa is a Palestinian village located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the northern West Bank, east of Ramallah and southeast of Beit Ur al-Tahta...
and Beit Ur al-TahtaBeit Ur al-TahtaBeit Ur al-Tahta is a Palestinian village located in the Seam Zone in the central West Bank, in the Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate. The village is located on the site of the biblical Bethoron, on a hilltop facing Beit Ur al-Foqa... - Aijalon: YaloYaloYalo was a Palestinian Arab village located 13 kilometres southeast of Ramla. Identified by Edward Robinson as the ancient Canaanite city of Aijalon, after the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Jordan formally annexed Yalo along with the rest of the West Bank...
- Shaalbim: SalbitSalbitSalbit was a Palestinian Arab village located southeast of al-Ramla. It has been identified with the biblical town of Shaalabbin which was located northwest of biblical Aijalon . Salbit was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war after a military assault by Israeli forces...
/Sha'alvimSha'alvimSha'alvim is a religious kibbutz in central Israel. Located near the city of Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, it falls under the jurisdiction of Gezer Regional Council.-History:... - GezerGezerGezer was a Canaanite city-state and biblical town in ancient Israel. Tel Gezer , an archaeological site midway between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, is now an Israeli national park....
(Ephraim list only) - JehudJehudJehud was a town in ancient Israel.It was located in the district of the Tribe of Dan. It is commonly believed to have been located at the same place as the modern El Yehudiye or Yehud, about 13 km east of Jaffa. Some suggest that the place instead could have been located close to Yazur/Azor,...
: Al-Yahudiya/YehudYehudYehud is a city in the Center District in Israel that is part of the joint municipality of Yehud-Monosson. In 2007, Yehud's population was approximately 25,600 .- History :...
, 8 km N of LodLodLod is a city located on the Sharon Plain southeast of Tel Aviv in the Center District of Israel. At the end of 2010, it had a population of 70,000, roughly 75 percent Jewish and 25 percent Arab.The name is derived from the Biblical city of Lod... - Bene-berakBeneberakBenebarak was a biblical city mentioned in the Book of Joshua. According to the biblical account it was allocated to the Tribe of Dan....
: Ibn Beraq, 3 km NE of AzorAzorAzor is a small town in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, on the old Jaffa-Jerusalem road southeast of Tel Aviv. Established in 1948, Azor was granted local council status in 1951. It was named for the ancient city of Azur , preserved in the name of the Arab village of Yazur... - Gath-rimmon: Tell el-Jerisheh
- The border that faces JoppaJoppaJoppa appears in the Bible as the name of the now Israeli city of Yafo, otherwise known as Jaffa.Joppa can also refer to:-Locations:United Kingdom...
These towns are all along the Aijalon river.
Dan-Benjamin border
North to south- Beth-horonBeth-horonBethoron was the name for two adjacent towns, Bethoron Elyon , and Bethoron Tahton , named for the Egypto-Canaanite deity Horon mentioned in Ugaritic literature and other texts...
, upper and lower: Beit Ur al-FauqaBeit Ur al-FauqaBeit Ur al-Fauqa is a Palestinian village located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the northern West Bank, east of Ramallah and southeast of Beit Ur al-Tahta...
and Beit Ur al-TahtaBeit Ur al-TahtaBeit Ur al-Tahta is a Palestinian village located in the Seam Zone in the central West Bank, in the Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate. The village is located on the site of the biblical Bethoron, on a hilltop facing Beit Ur al-Foqa... - Aijalon (Dan list only): YaloYaloYalo was a Palestinian Arab village located 13 kilometres southeast of Ramla. Identified by Edward Robinson as the ancient Canaanite city of Aijalon, after the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Jordan formally annexed Yalo along with the rest of the West Bank...
- Shaalbim (Dan list only): SalbitSalbitSalbit was a Palestinian Arab village located southeast of al-Ramla. It has been identified with the biblical town of Shaalabbin which was located northwest of biblical Aijalon . Salbit was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war after a military assault by Israeli forces...
/Sha'alvimSha'alvimSha'alvim is a religious kibbutz in central Israel. Located near the city of Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut, it falls under the jurisdiction of Gezer Regional Council.-History:... - EshtaolEshtaolEshtaol is a moshav in central Israel. Located north of Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2006, Eshtaol had a population of 876.-History:...
(Dan list only): Ishwa'Ishwa'Ishwa was a Palestinian village that was captured by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. The village was located about 20 km west of Jerusalem, on the present location of Eshta'ol. In the 1931 British census of Palestine, Ishwa had a population of 468 in 126 houses...
/EshtaolEshtaolEshtaol is a moshav in central Israel. Located north of Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2006, Eshtaol had a population of 876.-History:... - ZorahZorahZorah or Tzorah, perhaps "place of wasps," was a biblical town in the low country of Judah.-Location:Zorah was situated on the crest of a hill overlooking the valley of Sorek, and was fortified by Rehoboam...
(Dan list only): Sar'aSar'aSar'a , was a Palestinian Arab village located 25 km west of Jerusalem.-History:The Canaanites referred to Sar'a by the name of Sur'a or Zorah, mentioned in the Amarna letters. It was known as part of the territory of the Tribe of Judah, on the boundary of the Tribe of Dan. Later, the Romans... - Kiriath-JearimKiriath-JearimKiriath-Jearim "city of woods" - was a city in the Land of Israel mentioned 18 times in the Hebrew Bible. It was also referenced by the names Kiriath-Ba'al, Ba'alah and Ba'ale-Judah....
: Deir el-'Azar/Tel Qiryat Ye'arimQiryat Ye'arimKiryat Ye'arim , also known as Telz-Stone, is a town in the Jerusalem District of Israel.According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics , at the end of 2005 Kiryat Ye'arim had a population of 3,100, predominantly Jewish, with a growth rate of 1.2%.It is an almost exclusively Haredi town,...
These towns define a line which runs along the edge of the highlands, which forms a natural border.
Ephraim-Benjamin border
JoshuaBook of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
18:12-14: east to west
- JerichoJerichoJericho ; is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate and has a population of more than 20,000. Situated well below sea level on an east-west route north of the Dead Sea, Jericho is the lowest permanently...
: Tell es-Sultan - Wilderness of Bethaven, Bethaven may be another name for Bethel
- BethelBethelBethel was a border city described in the Hebrew Bible as being located between Benjamin and Ephraim...
: BeitinBeitinBeitin is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank, located northeast of Ramallah along the Ramallah-Nablus road... - AtarothAtarothAtaroth means "crowns" in Hebrew.The Mesha Stele from about 840 BC was erected commemorating Mesha's victory over the "son" of Omri, but he fails to say which one. He states that he massacred all the Israelites at Ataroth as satisfaction for the blood lust of Chemosh and Moab...
: Tell Mazar - the ArchiArchi (Old Testament)Archi was an Old Testament city on the boundary of Ephraim and Benjamin , between Bethel and Beth-horon the nether....
, this is an Israeli clan, not a place; where they lived is unknown - the Japhleti, also a people rather than a place, who they were and where they lived unknown
- Beth-horonBeth-horonBethoron was the name for two adjacent towns, Bethoron Elyon , and Bethoron Tahton , named for the Egypto-Canaanite deity Horon mentioned in Ugaritic literature and other texts...
, upper and lower: Beit Ur al-FauqaBeit Ur al-FauqaBeit Ur al-Fauqa is a Palestinian village located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the northern West Bank, east of Ramallah and southeast of Beit Ur al-Tahta...
and Beit Ur al-TahtaBeit Ur al-TahtaBeit Ur al-Tahta is a Palestinian village located in the Seam Zone in the central West Bank, in the Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate. The village is located on the site of the biblical Bethoron, on a hilltop facing Beit Ur al-Foqa...
Benjamin town list
Joshua :- JerichoJerichoJericho ; is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank of the Palestinian territories. It is the capital of the Jericho Governorate and has a population of more than 20,000. Situated well below sea level on an east-west route north of the Dead Sea, Jericho is the lowest permanently...
, and Bethhoglah ('Ain Hajlah), and the valley of KezizKezizKeziz - abrupt; cut off, a city of the tribe of Benjamin ....
; - and Betharabah, and Zemaraim (es-Samra?), and BethelBethelBethel was a border city described in the Hebrew Bible as being located between Benjamin and Ephraim...
(BeitinBeitinBeitin is a Palestinian town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank, located northeast of Ramallah along the Ramallah-Nablus road...
); - And AvimAvimThe Avim in the Old Testament were a people dwelling in Hazerim, or "the villages" or "encampments" on the south-west corner of the sea-coast...
, and Parah (Farah, c. 3 miles NE of 'Anata'AnataAnata is a Palestinian town in the Jerusalem Governorate in the central West Bank, located four kilometers northeast of Jerusalem. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 'Anata had a population of 9,600 in 2006...
.), and OphrahOphrahOphrah is a name in the Hebrew Bible meaning "a fawn", given to:* A city of Benjamin ; probably identical with Ephron and Ephraim , the modern Palestinian city of Taybeh. The Israeli settlement of Ofra is close to the site as well....
(TaybehTaybehTaybeh is a Palestinian village in the West Bank, 35 kilometers north of Jerusalem and 12 kilometers northeast of Ramallah in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate, 850 meters above sea level. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Taybeh had a population of 1,452 in 2007...
?); - And Chepharhaammonai, and OphniOphniOphni is a Hebrew Old Testament name meaning mouldy.A city of Benjamin so important as to be second only to Jerusalem. It still survives in the modern Jifna or Jufna, 23 miles northwest of Bethel....
(JifnaJifnaJifna is a Palestinian village in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank, Palestinian Territories, located north of Ramallah and north of Jerusalem. A village of about 1,400 people, Jifna has retained a Christian majority since the 6th century CE...
), and Gaba; - Gibeon, and RamahRamah in BenjaminRamah in Benjamin is a city of ancient Israel. It was located near Gibeon and Mizpah to the West, Gibeah to the South, and Geba to the East. It is identified with modern Er-Ram, about 8 km north of Jerusalem. The city is first mentioned in Joshua 18:25, near Gibeah of Benjamin. A Levite came...
, and BeerothBeeroth (north)Beeroth was a Biblical town seven miles northwest of Jerusalem.The town was an ancient Hivite settlement, and is mentioned in Joshua 9:17, 18:25, 2 Samuel 4:2, Ezra 2:25 and Nehemiah 7:29....
; - And MizpehMizpah in BenjaminMizpah was a city of Benjamin.Tell en-Nasbeh is one of two sites often identified with Biblical Mizpah of Benjamin, and is located about 8 miles north of Jerusalem. The other suggested location is Neby Samwil, which is some 4 miles north-west of Jerusalem, and situated on the loftiest hill in the...
, and ChephirahChephirahChephirah is one of four towns named in Joshua 9:17 along with Gibeon, Beeroth, and Kiriath-Jearim. The context is a story explaining a peace treaty between the Israelites and the natives of this region...
, and Mozah; - And RekemRekemRekem may be:* Rekem, Belgium, part of the municipality of Lanaken, province of Limburg* an ancient name for the city of Petra, or of Kadesh or some other Middle Eastern city...
, and Irpeel, and Taralah; - And Zelah, Eleph, and Jebusi, Gibeath, Kirjath; fourteen cities with their villages.
Dan-Judah border
(Joshua & ). Listed east to west:- Mount Jearim: related in some way to Kiriath-JearimKiriath-JearimKiriath-Jearim "city of woods" - was a city in the Land of Israel mentioned 18 times in the Hebrew Bible. It was also referenced by the names Kiriath-Ba'al, Ba'alah and Ba'ale-Judah....
: Tel Qiryat Ye'arim or Deir el-'Azar - which [is] Chesalon: Kesla
- EshtaolEshtaolEshtaol is a moshav in central Israel. Located north of Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2006, Eshtaol had a population of 876.-History:...
(Dan list only): Ishwa'Ishwa'Ishwa was a Palestinian village that was captured by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. The village was located about 20 km west of Jerusalem, on the present location of Eshta'ol. In the 1931 British census of Palestine, Ishwa had a population of 468 in 126 houses...
/EshtaolEshtaolEshtaol is a moshav in central Israel. Located north of Beit Shemesh, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In 2006, Eshtaol had a population of 876.-History:... - ZorahZorahZorah or Tzorah, perhaps "place of wasps," was a biblical town in the low country of Judah.-Location:Zorah was situated on the crest of a hill overlooking the valley of Sorek, and was fortified by Rehoboam...
(Dan list only): Sar'aSar'aSar'a , was a Palestinian Arab village located 25 km west of Jerusalem.-History:The Canaanites referred to Sar'a by the name of Sur'a or Zorah, mentioned in the Amarna letters. It was known as part of the territory of the Tribe of Judah, on the boundary of the Tribe of Dan. Later, the Romans... - Bethshemesh (Irshemesh in Dan list): Tel er-Rumeileh
- TimnahTimnahTimnath or Timnah was a Philistine city in Canaan that is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible in . It has been identified with Tel Batash , a tel located in the Sorek Valley, near moshav Tal Shahar, Israel....
: Tel el-Batashi - EkronEkronThe city of Ekron , was one of the five cities of the famed Philistine pentapolis, located in southwestern Canaan. Ekron lies 35 kilometers west of Jerusalem, and 18 kilometers north of ancient Gath, on the eastern edge of Israel's coastal plain.-History:...
: Khirbet el-Muqanna` - ShicronShicronIn the Tanakh, Shicron was one of the landmarks at the western end of the north boundary of the Tribe of Judah . It was probably located near Ekron....
/Shikkeron (Judah list only): Tel el-Ful - Mount Baalah/BaalathBaalathBaalath was a town of the tribe of Dan which was fortified by Solomon.-References:***Strong's Concordance Baalath01191 // tleb // Ba`alath // bah-al-awth' //...
: MugharAl-Magharal-Maghar was a Palestinian Arab village in the District of Ramla. It was depopulated by the Givati Brigade during Operation Barak on 18 May 1948. It was located 12 km southwest of Ramla, situated north of Wadi al-Maghar.... - Jabneel (Judah list only): Yebnah
- Eltekah (Dan list only): Tel esh-Shallaf?
- the goings out of the border were at the sea.
These towns are all near the river Sorek (Wadi es-Soreq), some north and some south, and Aharoni has proposed that the Sorek was the border. The list of towns given for Dan is called a border, and it does seem to be a border list (which means that some towns listed may be in adjoining tribes). There are some towns in the Dan list that are not clearly identified:
- Gibbeton is commonly identified with Tel el-Melat, but this is criticized by Na`aman, on the grounds that Gibbeton was near a stream; he proposes Tel Ras Abu Hamid, which others think is Gittaim.
- Jethlath
- Elon
- Mejarkon
- Rakkon
Benjamin-Judah border
(JoshBook of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
15 & 18) : Listed east to west:
- Bethhoglah ('Ain Hajlah)
- the Arabah/Betharabah
- the stone of Bohan ben-Reuben
- Debir (Thoghret ed-Debr)
- the valley of Achor (Wadi Qilt?)
- Adummim (Tal`at ed-Damm)
- Geliloth; Geliloth means district, and may or may not be a place name.
- Enshemesh (`Ain el-Chod)
- Enrogel (Bir Ayyub)
- the Jebusi
- the valley of Hinnom, or ben-Hinnom
- a mountain before the valley of Hinnom
- the well of waters of Nephtoah: Lifta
- the towns of mount Ephron
- Kiriath-JearimKiriath-JearimKiriath-Jearim "city of woods" - was a city in the Land of Israel mentioned 18 times in the Hebrew Bible. It was also referenced by the names Kiriath-Ba'al, Ba'alah and Ba'ale-Judah....
: Tell Qiryat Ye'arim or Deir el-'Azar
Southern border of Judah
Numbers 34:2-5, Joshua 15:1-4, Ezekiel 47:19, 48:28. East to west:- wilderness of Zin: SW of the S end of the Dead Sea
- Edom
- Tamar: `Ain Husb
- the Salt Sea: the Dead Sea
- Akrabbim ascent: Naqb es-Safa
- Zin
- Kadesh-barnea/Meribath-kadesh: `Ain Qedeis or Khirbet el-Qudeirat
- Hazar-addar: perhaps Khirbet el-Qudeirat
- Hezron: probably the same place as Hazar-addar
- Azmon: Qesiimeh
- The Brook of Egypt: Wadi el-`Arish
- the Great Sea: the Mediterranean
See also
- Biblical archaeologyBiblical archaeologyFor the movement associated with William F. Albright and also known as biblical archaeology, see Biblical archaeology school. For the interpretation of biblical archaeology in relation to biblical historicity, see The Bible and history....
- Archaeology of IsraelArchaeology of IsraelThe archaeology of Israel is the study of the archaeology of Israel, stretching from prehistory through three millennia of documented history. The ancient Land of Israel was a geographical bridge between the political and cultural centers of Mesopotamia and Egypt...
- Tribes of Israel
- List of Biblical names
External links
- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - (studylight.org)
- Jewish Encyclopedia
- Bible Atlas Online by Access Foundation