Treaty of Lambeth
Encyclopedia
The Treaty of Lambeth may refer to either of two agreements signed following conflict with King John and Philip Augustus of France which broke out in 1202.
, into a coalition against Philip. In return he was given several fiefs in England and an annuity. The treaty agreed on 4 May 1212 whereby each promised not to make a separate peace with France.
of France, ending his wars and campaign in the First Barons' War
, and his claim to the throne
of England
. When his campaign had begun, baronial enemies of the unpopular King John of England
had flocked to his banner, but after John's death, and his replacement by a regency on behalf of the boy king Henry III
(John's son), many had deserted to the loyalist cause. When his army was beaten at Lincoln
, and his naval forces (led by Eustace the Monk
) were defeated off the coast of Sandwich
, he was forced to make peace under English terms.
Negotiations were opened on the 6th September 1217 at Staines
, the royal court was being held nearby at Chertsey
. The treaty was finally signed by Louis and Henry's
regent
s, on the 11th September at Lambeth
,. Louis still needed Papal ratification and sought it from the Papal legate
, who was encamped near Kingston
, on the 13th September and received his terms from the legate on the 22nd September at Merton
. Louis left England for the last time from Dover
on 28th September.
The principal provisions of the treaty were an amnesty for English rebels. It acknowledged that the French had failed to take possession of the entire Channel Islands
and possession of the individual islands was restored to the King of England. Prince Louis to undertake not to attack England again. In return 10,000 marks were to be given to Louis.
There is no known surviving copy of the treaty.
Treaty of Lambeth (1212)
By 1212 John had lost his Angevin possessions. He made an agreement with Renaud of Dammartin, count of Bologne whose lands had also been seized by Philip II. Renaud brought other continental nobles, including the count of FlandersCount of Flanders
The Count of Flanders was the ruler or sub-ruler of the county of Flanders from the 9th century until the abolition of the position by the French revolutionaries in 1790....
, into a coalition against Philip. In return he was given several fiefs in England and an annuity. The treaty agreed on 4 May 1212 whereby each promised not to make a separate peace with France.
Treaty of Kingston (1217)
The Treaty of Kingston, describes peace negotiations commenced between John and Louis, dauphin of France immediately after the defeat of the latter's supporters at Lincoln in May 1217. Talks broke down before a further naval defeat at Sandwich persuaded Louis to agree terms at Lambeth.Treaty of Lambeth (1217)
The second Treaty of Lambeth was a significant treaty signed in 1217 by Prince LouisLouis VIII of France
Louis VIII the Lion reigned as King of France from 1223 to 1226. He was a member of the House of Capet. Louis VIII was born in Paris, France, the son of Philip II Augustus and Isabelle of Hainaut. He was also Count of Artois, inheriting the county from his mother, from 1190–1226...
of France, ending his wars and campaign in the First Barons' War
First Barons' War
The First Barons' War was a civil war in the Kingdom of England, between a group of rebellious barons—led by Robert Fitzwalter and supported by a French army under the future Louis VIII of France—and King John of England...
, and his claim to the throne
Throne
A throne is the official chair or seat upon which a monarch is seated on state or ceremonial occasions. "Throne" in an abstract sense can also refer to the monarchy or the Crown itself, an instance of metonymy, and is also used in many expressions such as "the power behind the...
of England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. When his campaign had begun, baronial enemies of the unpopular King John of England
John of England
John , also known as John Lackland , was King of England from 6 April 1199 until his death...
had flocked to his banner, but after John's death, and his replacement by a regency on behalf of the boy king Henry III
Henry III of England
Henry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
(John's son), many had deserted to the loyalist cause. When his army was beaten at Lincoln
Battle of Lincoln (1217)
The Second Battle of Lincoln occurred at Lincoln Castle on 20 May 1217, during the First Barons' War, between the forces of the future Louis VIII of France and those of King Henry III of England. Louis' forces were attacked by a relief force under the command of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke...
, and his naval forces (led by Eustace the Monk
Eustace the Monk
Eustace the Monk was a mercenary and pirate, in the tradition of medieval outlaws.-Early life:Eustace was born a younger son of Baudoin Busket, a lord of the county of Boulogne...
) were defeated off the coast of Sandwich
Sandwich, Kent
Sandwich is a historic town and civil parish on the River Stour in the Non-metropolitan district of Dover, within the ceremonial county of Kent, south-east England. It has a population of 6,800....
, he was forced to make peace under English terms.
Negotiations were opened on the 6th September 1217 at Staines
Staines
Staines is a Thames-side town in the Spelthorne borough of Surrey and Greater London Urban Area, as well as the London Commuter Belt of South East England. It is a suburban development within the western bounds of the M25 motorway and located 17 miles west south-west of Charing Cross in...
, the royal court was being held nearby at Chertsey
Chertsey
Chertsey is a town in Surrey, England, on the River Thames and its tributary rivers such as the River Bourne. It can be accessed by road from junction 11 of the M25 London orbital motorway. It shares borders with Staines, Laleham, Shepperton, Addlestone, Woking, Thorpe and Egham...
. The treaty was finally signed by Louis and Henry's
Henry III of England
Henry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
regent
Regent
A regent, from the Latin regens "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated. Currently there are only two ruling Regencies in the world, sovereign Liechtenstein and the Malaysian constitutive state of Terengganu...
s, on the 11th September at Lambeth
Lambeth
Lambeth is a district of south London, England, and part of the London Borough of Lambeth. It is situated southeast of Charing Cross.-Toponymy:...
,. Louis still needed Papal ratification and sought it from the Papal legate
Papal legate
A papal legate – from the Latin, authentic Roman title Legatus – is a personal representative of the pope to foreign nations, or to some part of the Catholic Church. He is empowered on matters of Catholic Faith and for the settlement of ecclesiastical matters....
, who was encamped near Kingston
Kingston upon Thames
Kingston upon Thames is the principal settlement of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames in southwest London. It was the ancient market town where Saxon kings were crowned and is now a suburb situated south west of Charing Cross. It is one of the major metropolitan centres identified in the...
, on the 13th September and received his terms from the legate on the 22nd September at Merton
Merton (historic parish)
Merton was an ancient parish in the Brixton hundred of Surrey, England. It was bounded by Wimbledon to the north, Mitcham to the east, Morden to the south and Kingston upon Thames to the west. The 1871 Ordnance Survey map records its area as . The parish was centred around the 12th century parish...
. Louis left England for the last time from Dover
Dover
Dover is a town and major ferry port in the home county of Kent, in South East England. It faces France across the narrowest part of the English Channel, and lies south-east of Canterbury; east of Kent's administrative capital Maidstone; and north-east along the coastline from Dungeness and Hastings...
on 28th September.
The principal provisions of the treaty were an amnesty for English rebels. It acknowledged that the French had failed to take possession of the entire Channel Islands
Channel Islands
The Channel Islands are an archipelago of British Crown Dependencies in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy. They include two separate bailiwicks: the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey...
and possession of the individual islands was restored to the King of England. Prince Louis to undertake not to attack England again. In return 10,000 marks were to be given to Louis.
There is no known surviving copy of the treaty.
See also
- 12 September - Treaty of Kingston-upon-Thames ends the First Barons' War: French and Scots to leave England, amnesty granted to rebels.
- 20 September - Treaty of Lambeth signed ratifying the Kingston treaty.