Trafficking of children - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Trafficking of children is a form of human trafficking. It is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receiving of children for the purpose of exploitation.

Commercial sexual exploitation of children

Commercial sexual exploitation of children

Commercial sexual exploitation of children constitutes a form of coercion and violence against children and amounts to forced labour and a contemporary form of slavery....

can take many forms, including forcing a child into prostitution

Prostitution

Prostitution is the act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for payment. The person who receives payment for sexual services is called a prostitute and the person who receives such services is known by a multitude of terms, including a "john". Prostitution is one of...

, other forms of sexual activity, or child pornography

Child pornography

Child pornography refers to images or films and, in some cases, writings depicting sexually explicit activities involving a child...

. Child exploitation can also include forced labor or services, slavery

Slavery

Slavery is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slaves can be held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to demand compensation...

or practices similar to slavery, servitude, the removal of organs, illicit international adoption

International adoption

International adoption is a type of adoption in which an individual or couple becomes the legal and permanent parents of a child that is a national of a different country...

, trafficking for early marriage, recruitment as child soldiers

Military use of children

The military use of children takes three distinct forms: children can take direct part in hostilities , or they can be used in support roles such as porters, spies, messengers, look outs, and sexual slaves; or they can be used for political advantage either as human shields or in...

, for use in begging

Begging

Begging is to entreat earnestly, implore, or supplicate. It often occurs for the purpose of securing a material benefit, generally for a gift, donation or charitable donation...

, as athletes (such as child camel jockeys or football players), or for recruitment for cults.

According to international legislation, in the case of children, the use of force or other forms of coercion, such as abduction, fraud, deception, the abuse of power

Abuse of Power

Abuse of Power is a novel written by radio talk show host Michael Savage.- Plot :Jack Hatfield is a hardened former war correspondent who rose to national prominence for his insightful, provocative commentary...

, or a position of vulnerability

Vulnerability

Vulnerability refer to the susceptibility of a person, group, society, sex or system to physical or emotional injury or attack. The term can also refer to a person who lets their guard down, leaving themselves open to censure or criticism...

does not need to be present in order for the crime to be considered trafficking. The UN Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children

The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children is a protocol to the Convention against Transnational Organised Crime...

also defines child trafficking as trafficking in human beings. The International Labor Organization convention 182 defines it as a form of child labor.

Defining child trafficking

There is a tendency for the trafficking debate to gravitate into an approach against criminals on the one hand and an approach supporting human rights or protection on the other hand. This creates a false impression of opposing perspectives when both dimensions are inherently linked and essential to prevent and combat trafficking.

Despite its importance in any approach to the trafficking problem, there is no single definition of exploitation, and there is difficulty in determining the point at which exploitation begins.

The Palermo definition is not limited to cross-border trafficking—between neighboring States—and can be applied to both internal and intercontinental trafficking.

There are potential links between trafficking and migration. When people move from place to place at local, national, or international levels, they are likely to become more vulnerable, particularly at times of political crisis or in the face of social or economic pressures. Whether driven by desperate situations or motivated to seek better opportunities in life, they may willingly consent to being smuggled across a border. Once transported across the border, they may find themselves abducted into a trafficking network, unable to escape and without access to legal advice or protection.

International legislation

The United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children

The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children is a protocol to the Convention against Transnational Organised Crime...

supplements the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

Convention against Transnational Organized Crime

The Convention against Transnational Organized Crime is a United Nations-sponsored multilateral treaty against transnational organized crime, adopted in 2000...

(2000). The Protocol had been ratified by 135 countries.

The International Labour Organization's

International Labour Organization

The International Labour Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues pertaining to international labour standards. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. Its secretariat — the people who are employed by it throughout the world — is known as the...

Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182)
defines it as a form of child labour.

Under both conventions, a child is any person younger than eighteen years of age
Other relevant Conventions

External links

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Defining child trafficking

International legislation

See also

External links