Toyota Corolla E90
Encyclopedia
The Corolla E90 was the sixth generation of cars sold by Toyota under the Corolla
Toyota Corolla
The Toyota Corolla is a line of subcompact and compact cars manufactured by the Japanese automaker Toyota, which has become very popular throughout the world since the nameplate was first introduced in 1966. In 1997, the Corolla became the best selling nameplate in the world, with over 35 million...

 nameplate.

The performance option of rear-wheel drive was dropped after 1986, with all Corollas front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive is a form of engine/transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and...

 from 1987, with production beginning in May 1987. For general export, the trim levels are Base, XL, GL, SE, and SE Limited. The GT-i was sold in limited numbers in certain countries. The all wheel drive Sprinter Carib wagon used a solid axle rear suspension with coil springs, while the rest used struts all around. The 4WD wagon was sold from 1988 to 1994 and had different bodywork to other Corollas. It was called the All-Trac
All-Trac
All-Trac was a proprietary full time symmetric all wheel drive system used on a variety of Toyota badged models from 1988 to 2000. It was considered a revolutionary advance for all-wheel drive automobiles into the mainstream consumer market and its electronic/vacuum controlled locking center...

 in the US and sold with the Tercel or Corolla name in some countries. In general, all models depart from the previous generation's boxy styling, for a more contemporary look and improved aerodynamics.

The Sprinter five-door liftback was called Cielo in Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

, and re-badged as the Corolla in Europe, though for a period in Ireland (and possibly elsewhere) it was badged the "Sprinter GLS", unusually in cheap-looking decals instead of the metallic-coated plastic badges found on all other Toyotas of the time.

High performance GT-i models are powered by 4A-GE, and offered as 3-door hatchback
Hatchback
A Hatchback is a car body style incorporating a shared passenger and cargo volume, with rearmost accessibility via a rear third or fifth door, typically a top-hinged liftgate—and features such as fold-down rear seats to enable flexibility within the shared passenger/cargo volume. As a two-box...

, sedan, and 5-door liftback. The North American GT-S coupé shared the same engine.

This was awarded the 1988 Semperit Irish Car of the Year
Semperit Irish Car of the Year
The Semperit Irish Car of the Year award was established in 1978. It is organised and judged by the Irish Motoring Writers Association . It is sponsored by tyre manufactuer Semperit and specifically by their brand - 'Semperit'....

.

Japan

The 1.3 liter sedan has 4 speed manual transmission
Manual transmission
A manual transmission, also known as a manual gearbox or standard transmission is a type of transmission used in motor vehicle applications...

 or 3 speed automatic transmission
Automatic transmission
An automatic transmission is one type of motor vehicle transmission that can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually...

. The only model with 1.5 liter 5A-FHE was SE-Limited G. The 4WD
Four-wheel drive
Four-wheel drive, 4WD, or 4×4 is a four-wheeled vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four wheels to receive torque from the engine simultaneously...

 sedan is powered by 1.6 liter 4A-FE.
The Sprinter sedan has opera window on the C-Pillar
Pillar (car)
Pillars are the vertical supports of the greenhouse of an automobile — known respectively as the A, B, C or D-pillar moving in profile view from the front to rear....

.

The AE92 Levin and Trueno were also fitted with a supercharged engine. It used an SC12 roots type supercharger and a top mounted intercooler that was fed cool air via a scoop on the bonnet. They generated 206 newton metre at 4,400 rpm as opposed to the naturally aspirated 4A-GE's 136 newton metre at 4,800 rpm.

Japanese market chassis:
  • EE90 — Sedan 4-door (DX Custom, TX) 1.3 liter
  • AE91 — Sedan 4-door (DX, SE, SE Limited G), wagon 5-door 1.5 liter
  • AE92 — 2 door coupé (Levin, Trueno), Sedan 4-door (SE Limited, GT), Hatchback (FX, FX16, FX GT), Liftback (Sprinter GT) 1.6 liter
  • AE95 — 4WD sedan 4-door (DX, SE Limited) 1.6 liter
  • AE95G — 4WD wagon 5-door (Carib)
  • EE97 — FWD wagon 5-door (Std, XL) 1.3 liter


Japanese market engines:
  • 2E — 1.3 liter
  • 5A-F — 1.5 liter
  • 5A-FHE — 1.5 liter
  • 4A-FE — 1.6 liter
  • 4A-GE — 1.6 liter
  • 4A-GZE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , wide valve angle, supercharger, 165 hp (121 kW) GT-Z

Australia

In December 1988, Toyota formed a joint venture with Holden
Holden
GM Holden Ltd is an automaker that operates in Australia, based in Port Melbourne, Victoria. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery manufacturer. In 1908 it moved into the automotive field, before becoming a subsidiary of the U.S.-based General Motors in 1931...

 called UAAI
United Australian Automobile Industries
United Australian Automobile Industries was a firm founded in Australia in 1989 as the result of an agreement between Holden and Toyota. For Holden, it replaced the earlier Holden-Nissan joint venture that had existed since 1983.UAAI produced three vehicles: the Holden Apollo, Holden Nova and...

 to build and market the Toyota Corolla as the Holden Nova
Holden Nova
The Holden Nova was a compact car that was produced by the GM-Holden-Toyota alliance, known as United Australian Automobile Industries in Australia between August 1989 and 1996. The alliance, and therefore the car, was a result of the failed Button car plan which attempted to rationalise the...

. This agreement paralleled two Corolla generations including both the E90 and E100
Toyota Corolla E100
The Corolla E100 was the seventh generation of cars sold by Toyota under the Corolla nameplate.This generation Corolla was larger, heavier, and visually more aerodynamic than the model it replaced, with development chief Dr. Akihiko Saito wanting to develop a 'mini-Lexus', after success with that...

 series.

Australian market engines:
  • 4A-F — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, carb
    Carburetor
    A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....

    , 95 hp (67 kW) CS, CS Limited, CSX & Spirit
  • 4A-FE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , narrow valve angle, 102 hp (76 kW) XL, SR5, CSi, CSi Limited, Olympic Spirit
  • 4A-GE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , wide valve angle, 135 hp (100 kW) SX & GTi
  • 6A-FC — 1.4 L (1397 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, carb
    Carburetor
    A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....

    , narrow valve angle, 81 hp (60 kW) SE
  • 7A-FE — 1.8 L (1762 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , narrow valve angle, 115 hp (85 kW) Seca RV & Seca Ultima

Australian market chassis:
  • AE90 — Sedan, Hatchback (SE)
  • AE92 — Sedan, Hatchback, Seca (CS, CSX, Spirit, SE, SX)
  • AE93 — Hatchback, Seca (SX, GTi)
  • AE94 — Sedan, Hatchback, Seca (CSi, CSi Limited, Ultima)
  • AE95 — Wagon (XL, SR5, CSi, Olympic Spirit)
  • AE96 — Seca (RV, Ultima)


Note:
  • Corolla Liftback was called Seca in Australia
  • The Corolla 4x4 wagon (Sprinter Carib Wagon elsewhere) was released in mid 1988, Hatchback, Seca & Sedan released mid 1989
  • SX is generally AE93 although on rare occasions they are found to be AE92R
  • The facelift series 2 models were released in October 1992
  • 6A-FC was only found in SE hatchbacks and early SE Sedans
  • Corollas with 7A-FE engine were AE94 Ultimas in early 1992 and AE96 Ultimas & RV's in late 92 onwards

Europe

European market engines:
  • 2E — 1.3 L (1295 cc), 12-valve SOHC, carb
    Carburetor
    A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....

    , 74 bhp
  • 4A-F — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, carb
    Carburetor
    A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....

    , 95 bhp
  • 4A-FE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , narrow valve angle, 102 bhp
  • 4A-GE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , wide valve angle, 115 bhp GT-i
  • 1C-III — 1.8 L (1839 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

     diesel
    Diesel engine
    A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber...

    , OHC, 67 bhp

European market chassis:
  • EE90 — 1.3 Hatchback 3-door (Standard, XL), 1.3 Sedan 4-door (XL,GL), 1.3 Liftback 5-door (XL, GL, SR)
  • AE92 - 1.6 Sedan 4-door (GL, GLi, XLi), 1.6 Liftback 5-door (GLi, GT-i), 1.6 Hatchback 3-door (GT-i)
  • CE90 — Diesel models (XLD)


The European model Corolla 4-door sedan, 3 and 5-door hatchback, and the wagon basically has the front end of the Japan-spec Corolla FX, except for the all white clearance lights and the "TOYOTA" or the ellipse emblem instead of the "FX" or "GT" of the Japanese model. It has the standard side marker lights and the tail light with the integrated rear fog lamp (except for the wagon, which has the rear fog lamp on the tailgate.) It also has headlight washers on the XL and the XLi models.

From late 1989 the 4A-GE engine in the GT-i model was changed from the T-VIS equipped 'big port' variant to the non-T-VIS 'small port' version. For UK specification cars, this increased power from 124 bhp to 129 bhp.

North America

North American production of the sedan took place at NUMMI
NUMMI
New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. was an automobile manufacturing plant in Fremont, California, opened in 1984 and closed in 2010. On October 27, 2010 it reopened as a 100% Tesla Motors-owned production facility, known as the Tesla Factory...

 and Cambridge, Ontario
Cambridge, Ontario
Cambridge is a city located in Southern Ontario at the confluence of the Grand and Speed rivers in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. It is an amalgamation of the City of Galt, the towns of Preston and Hespeler, and the hamlet of Blair.Galt covers the largest portion of...

, Canada. These two plants made 279,000 units, making a total of 4.5 million of this generation (AE92) made.
The North American models depart from the previous generation's boxy styling, for a more contemporary look and improved aerodynamics. They feature longer bumpers and small red conspicuity lights on the rear quarter panels. Cabin air exits through stylish vents behind the rear side windows.

A 25th anniversary special edition was produced in 1990, made to commemorate the 25th Anniversary of the Corolla line. It included 25th anniversary emblems on the front fender, embroidered on front seat and a 3-spoke steering wheel.

Minor changes for 1991 model years were Toyota (T) ellipse emblem on the grille, all-red tail lights, door-mounted and manual lap front seat belts, and new wheelcovers for DX. Rear garnish was deleted for the Base model.
The North American Corolla coupé with retractable headlights was basically a Sprinter Trueno with different front corner lights and longer bumpers. Trim levels are SR5 and GT-S. The GT-S is powered by 4A-GE engine, and comes with full body kits. In 1990 the 4A-GE received a revised cylinder head and intake manifold. The new motor featured higher compression, lack of the TVIS system, and smaller ports in the intake manifold and is thus commonly referred to as the "smallport" version. Horsepower jumped from 115 hp (86 kW) to 135 hp (100 kW).

The four-wheel drive
Four-wheel drive
Four-wheel drive, 4WD, or 4×4 is a four-wheeled vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four wheels to receive torque from the engine simultaneously...

 All-trac
All-Trac
All-Trac was a proprietary full time symmetric all wheel drive system used on a variety of Toyota badged models from 1988 to 2000. It was considered a revolutionary advance for all-wheel drive automobiles into the mainstream consumer market and its electronic/vacuum controlled locking center...

 wagon in Base and SR5 trim levels were sold from 1988 to 1992 and had different bodywork to other Corollas. The Corolla All-trac sedan was sold in very small numbers, shared the same body as the AE92 sedan, with the only visible difference being the tire size.

The Geo Prizm
Geo Prizm
The Geo/Chevrolet Prizm was a United States-market entry-level compact car produced for the 1989 through 2002 model years. Like the 1985–1988 Chevrolet Nova it replaced, the Prizm was a rebadged version of the Toyota Corolla...

 shared a slightly different body with the Japan-market Sprinter sedan and Cielo liftback. These models were slightly more basic than their European/Japanese versions. The GSi version was equipped with the 4A-GE.

North American market engines:
  • 4A-F — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, carb
    Carburetor
    A carburetor , carburettor, or carburetter is a device that blends air and fuel for an internal combustion engine. It is sometimes shortened to carb in North America and the United Kingdom....

    , narrow valve angle, 95 hp (71 kW)
  • 4A-FE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , narrow valve angle, 102 hp (76 kW)
  • 4A-GE — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4
    Straight-4
    The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....

    , 16-valve DOHC, FI
    Fuel injection
    Fuel injection is a system for admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It has become the primary fuel delivery system used in automotive petrol engines, having almost completely replaced carburetors in the late 1980s....

    , wide valve angle, 115 hp (86 kW) 1988/89, 135 hp (100 kW) 1990/91 GT-S


North American market chassis code & (VIN code):
The Japanese built E90 has a JT2 VIN prefix while the NUMMI made E90 used 1NX (Toyota) and 1Y1 (Geo) VIN prefixes and the Cambridge built E90 has a 2T1 prefix.
  • AE92 — Sedan 4-door Std (AE91), DX (AE94), LE (AE97)
  • AE92 — Coupé 2-door SR5 (AE96), GT-S (AE98 - Trueno - pop-up headlights (Levin has fixed headlights))
  • AE92 — FWD wagon 5-door DX (AE94)
  • AE95 — 4WD sedan 4-door All-Trac
    All-Trac
    All-Trac was a proprietary full time symmetric all wheel drive system used on a variety of Toyota badged models from 1988 to 2000. It was considered a revolutionary advance for all-wheel drive automobiles into the mainstream consumer market and its electronic/vacuum controlled locking center...

    /4WD (AE94)
  • AE95 — FWD/4WD wagon 5-door Std, DX, All-Trac
    All-Trac
    All-Trac was a proprietary full time symmetric all wheel drive system used on a variety of Toyota badged models from 1988 to 2000. It was considered a revolutionary advance for all-wheel drive automobiles into the mainstream consumer market and its electronic/vacuum controlled locking center...

     (AE95)

Pakistan

The 6th generation of Corolla was imported from Japan and was available in only 4 trims, with 1.3 and 1.5 liter petrol engines and 1.5 and 1.8 liter diesel engines. Only the four door sedan was imported: The 2-door coupe, 5-door wagon and the hatchback were not available in the showrooms. Because of the rising prices of gasoline, the 1.8 liter diesel version became an immediate success. The 2.0 liter diesel engine was not available until 1993 when the 7th generation was introduced, and it was the same time when Toyota started making cars in Pakistan. Even after the introduction of the 7th generation of Corolla, reconditioned 6th generation models were imported from the Middle East.

South Africa

In an effort to boost performance of the 4A-GE engine, Toyota South Africa made some modifications to the engine (inlet and exhaust) to lift power from 87 kW to 96 kW for all production models.

A facelifted version of the sixth-generation five-door hatchback was made in South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...

as an entry-level model called the Toyota Tazz from 1996 until July 5, 2006. The Tazz was offered as 130, and 160i. While the three-door was sold as a panel van model there, called the Toyota Carri.

Gallery

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